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m While these were some of the world's best athletes, they specifically chose Nike runners. They did not use the world's "30 best".
 
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{{short description|Project by Nike}}
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'''Breaking2''' was a project by [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]] to break the two-hour barrier for the [[marathon]]. Nike announced the project in November 2016 and organized a team of three elite runners who trained for a private race. The event was held on the [[Formula One]] [[Autodromo Nazionale Monza]] race track in [[Italy]] on May 6, 2017.<ref>{{cite magazine | url = https://www.wired.com/2016/12/nike-two-hour-marathon/ | title = Inside Nike’s Quest for the Impossible: a Two-Hour Marathon | date= 12 December 2016 | accessdate = 12 May 2017 | magazine = Wired | author = Ed Caesar }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | url = http://www.runnersworld.com/marathon/nikes-audacious-plan-break-the-2-hour-marathon-barrier-in-2017 | title = Nike’s Audacious Plan: Break the 2-Hour Marathon Barrier in 2017 | date= 12 December 2016 | accessdate = 12 May 2017 | magazine = Runner's World | author = Alex Hutchinson }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://sportsscientists.com/2016/12/sub-2-hour-marathon-2017-thoughts-concept/ | title = The sub-2 hour marathon in 2017? Thoughts on concept | date= 12 December 2016 | accessdate = 12 May 2017 | publisher = The Science of Sport | author = Ross Tucker, Ph.D. }}</ref><ref name=look>{{Cite news|url=http://graphics.straitstimes.com/STI/STIMEDIA/Interactives/2017/05/sub-2hr-marathon-attempt/index.html|title=Interactive: A look at how three marathoners could break the sub-2hr barrier on May 6|work=The Straits Times|access-date=12 May 2017|language=en}}</ref> [[Eliud Kipchoge]] won the race with a time of 2:00:25, which was only 26 seconds shy of breaking the two-hour barrier.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kipchoge a 'happy man' in Monza|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/breaking-2-marathon-eliud-kipchoge-monza|publisher=IAAF|author=Jon Mulkeen|date=6 May 2017|accessdate=12 May 2017}}</ref> On [[Ineos 1:59 Challenge|a later attempt]] in 2019, Kipchoge did achieve a sub-two-hour mark, but his time, 1:59:40, was not recognized as a world record under [[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]] standards.
'''Breaking2''' was a project by [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]] to break the two-hour barrier for the [[marathon]]. Nike announced the project in November 2016 and organized a team of three elite runners who trained for a private race. The event was held on the [[Formula One]] race track [[Autodromo Nazionale di Monza]] in [[Italy]] on May 6, 2017.<ref>{{cite magazine | url = https://www.wired.com/2016/12/nike-two-hour-marathon/ | title = Inside Nike's Quest for the Impossible: a Two-Hour Marathon | date= 12 December 2016 | access-date = 12 May 2017 | magazine = Wired | author = Ed Caesar }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | url = http://www.runnersworld.com/marathon/nikes-audacious-plan-break-the-2-hour-marathon-barrier-in-2017 | title = Nike's Audacious Plan: Break the 2-Hour Marathon Barrier in 2017 | date= 12 December 2016 | access-date = 12 May 2017 | magazine = Runner's World | author = Alex Hutchinson }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://sportsscientists.com/2016/12/sub-2-hour-marathon-2017-thoughts-concept/ | title = The sub-2 hour marathon in 2017? Thoughts on concept | date= 12 December 2016 | access-date = 12 May 2017 | publisher = The Science of Sport | author = Ross Tucker, Ph.D. }}</ref><ref name=look>{{Cite news|url=http://graphics.straitstimes.com/STI/STIMEDIA/Interactives/2017/05/sub-2hr-marathon-attempt/index.html|title=Interactive: A look at how three marathoners could break the sub-2hr barrier on May 6|work=The Straits Times|access-date=12 May 2017|language=en}}</ref>
[[Eliud Kipchoge]] won the race with a time of 2:00:25.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kipchoge a 'happy man' in Monza|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/breaking-2-marathon-eliud-kipchoge-monza|publisher=IAAF|author=Jon Mulkeen|date=6 May 2017|access-date=12 May 2017}}</ref> While the world record at the time was 2:02:57, this run was not recognized as a new [[Marathon world record progression|record]], because Kipchoge and the other two elite athletes ran with a roster of interchangeable pacemakers.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |last1=Caeser |first1=Ed |title=Nike's Quest to Beat the Two-Hour Marathon Comes Up Oh So Short |url=https://www.wired.com/2017/05/two-hour-marathon-failed-nike/ |website=Wired |publisher=Wired |access-date=9 February 2020 |date=6 May 2017}}</ref>


==Team members==
==Team members==
Nike chose three runners to make the attempt:<ref name=look /><ref name=soclose>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.runnersworld.com/2-hour-marathon/so-close-kipchoge-runs-a-20025-in-the-breaking2-attempt|title=So Close! Kipchoge Runs a 2:00:25 in the Breaking2 Attempt|last=Nolan|first=Ali|date=6 May 2017|accessdate=12 May 2017|magazine=Runner's World}}</ref>
Nike chose three runners to make the attempt:<ref name=look /><ref name=soclose>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.runnersworld.com/2-hour-marathon/so-close-kipchoge-runs-a-20025-in-the-breaking2-attempt|title=So Close! Kipchoge Runs a 2:00:25 in the Breaking2 Attempt|last=Nolan|first=Ali|date=6 May 2017|access-date=12 May 2017|magazine=Runner's World}}</ref>
{| class="wiki table sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Name
! Name
! Nationality
! Nationality
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At the time, Kipchoge was the [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|defending Olympic champion]], having won the marathon at the [[2016 Summer Olympics]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]], and Zersenay was the [[half marathon]] WR holder (58:23, set in 2010).
At the time, Kipchoge was the [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|defending Olympic champion]], having won the marathon at the [[2016 Summer Olympics]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]], and Zersenay was the [[half marathon]] WR holder (58:23, set in 2010).


Nike also brought in 30 of the world's best runners to serve as pacers for the race, including [[Andrew Bumbalough]], [[Sam Chelanga]], [[Chris Derrick]], [[Bernard Lagat]], and [[Lopez Lomong]].<ref name=soclose /><ref name=pace>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.runnersworld.com/2-hour-marathon/what-it-was-like-to-pace-the-fastest-marathon-in-history|title=What It Was Like to Pace the Fastest Marathon in History|last=Strout|first=Erin|date=9 May 2017|accessdate=12 May 2017|magazine=Runner's World}}</ref>
Nike also brought in 30 of their top sponsored athletes to serve as pacers for the race, including [[Andrew Bumbalough]], [[Sam Chelanga]], [[Chris Derrick]], [[Bernard Lagat]], and [[Lopez Lomong]].<ref name=soclose /><ref name=pace>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.runnersworld.com/2-hour-marathon/what-it-was-like-to-pace-the-fastest-marathon-in-history|title=What It Was Like to Pace the Fastest Marathon in History|last=Strout|first=Erin|date=9 May 2017|access-date=12 May 2017|magazine=Runner's World}}</ref>


==Preparations==
==Preparations==
Nike developed a new running shoe called the "Vapor Fly Elite" for the attempt.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.runningshoesguru.com/2017/03/nike-zoom-vaporfly-elite-the-shoe-of-breaking2-you-cant-buy/|title=Nike Zoom VaporFly Elite: the shoe of Breaking2 you can’t buy.|website=www.runningshoesguru.com|language=en|access-date=2017-11-29}}</ref> The Monza automobile racetrack was chosen for a combination of its low altitude, calm weather conditions, and short lap length. In addition to the pacemaker vehicle, runners acting as pacemakers were positioned to shield the key athletes in an attempt to reduce [[wind resistance]].<ref>Matt Burgess, 10 May 2017 [https://www.wired.co.uk/article/nike-two-hour-marathon-result "If you missed Nike's two-hour marathon attempt you can relive it here"] wired.co.uk</ref>
Nike developed a new running shoe called the "Vaporfly Elite" for the attempt.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.runningshoesguru.com/2017/03/nike-zoom-vaporfly-elite-the-shoe-of-breaking2-you-cant-buy/|title=Nike Zoom VaporFly Elite: the shoe of Breaking2 you can't buy.|website=www.runningshoesguru.com|language=en|access-date=2017-11-29}}</ref> The Monza automobile racetrack was chosen for a combination of its low altitude, calm weather conditions, and short lap length. In addition to the pacemaker vehicle, runners acting as pacemakers were positioned to shield the key athletes in an attempt to reduce [[wind resistance]].<ref>Matt Burgess, 10 May 2017 [https://www.wired.co.uk/article/nike-two-hour-marathon-result "If you missed Nike's two-hour marathon attempt you can relive it here"] wired.co.uk</ref>


==Race==
==Race==
The race began at 5:45 am on Saturday, May 6, 2017, with a temperature of 12°C or 54°F (a higher than ideal temperature for professional marathoners, generally<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Can the marathon’s two-hour barrier be broken? |url=https://www.economist.com/game-theory/2017/10/04/can-the-marathons-two-hour-barrier-be-broken |newspaper=Economist |date=2017-10-04 |access-date=2018-10-01 }}</ref>) and some light rain.
The race began at 5:45 am on Saturday, May 6, 2017, with a temperature of 12°C or 54°F (a higher than ideal temperature for professional marathoners, generally<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Can the marathon's two-hour barrier be broken? |url=https://www.economist.com/game-theory/2017/10/04/can-the-marathons-two-hour-barrier-be-broken |newspaper=Economist |date=2017-10-04 |access-date=2018-10-01 }}</ref>) and some light rain.


To break the two-hour barrier, a pace of 2:50 min/km (4:34.5 per mile) was required. In order to achieve this, the racers followed behind a team of six pacers in a triangle formation who were themselves following a pace vehicle displaying a large clock of the race time and projecting green lasers onto the ground to indicate where the lead pacer should be at all times. The pacers only ran two laps (4.8 km) at a time and had 30 minute breaks in between shifts. Groups of pacers would cycle on and off in threes.<ref name=pace />
To break the two-hour barrier, a pace of 2:50 min/km (4:34.5 per mile) was required. In order to achieve this, the racers followed behind a team of six pacers in a triangle formation who were themselves following a pace vehicle displaying a large clock of the race time and projecting green lasers onto the ground to indicate where the lead pacer should be at all times. The pacers only ran two laps (4.8 km) at a time and had 30 minute breaks in between shifts. Groups of pacers would cycle on and off in threes.<ref name=pace /> These innovations disqualified the performances from being recognised as official marathon records by the IAAF.<ref name=":0" />


The runners started off on pace, but Desisa fell off the pace about 16km in, and Tadese followed around 20km. Kipchoge remained on pace through 25km (at 1:11:03) and was only one second off pace at 30km. Kipchoge finished the race in 2:00:25 and said he had given 100 percent effort.<ref name=soclose />
The runners started off on pace, but Desisa fell off the pace about 16km in, and Tadese followed around 20km. Kipchoge remained on pace through 25km (at 1:11:03) and was only one second off pace at 30km. Kipchoge finished the race in 2:00:25 and said he had given 100 percent effort.<ref name=soclose />


==Results==
==Results==
{| class="wiki sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Position
! Position
! Athlete
! Athlete
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| align=center|{{bronze3}} || [[Lelisa Desisa]] || {{ETH}} || 2:14:10
| align=center|{{bronze3}} || [[Lelisa Desisa]] || {{ETH}} || 2:14:10
|}
|}
At the time of the race, the [[Marathon world record progression|world record of the marathon]] was 2:02:57 (set by [[Dennis Kimetto]] at the [[2014 Berlin Marathon]]). Even though Kipchoge beat this time by more than two minutes, his result does not count as an official record by [[IAAF]] standards because of several factors, including the use of pacers who entered the race midway.<ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-05-07/kipchoge-falls-26-seconds-short-of-first-sub-2-hour-marathon/8504084|title=Eliud Kipchoge falls 26 seconds short of first sub two-hour marathon|last=Buzacott-Speer|first=Eliza|date=6 May 2017|accessdate=12 May 2017|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref>
At the time of the race, the [[Marathon world record progression|world record of the marathon]] was 2:02:57 (set by [[Dennis Kimetto]] at the [[2014 Berlin Marathon]]). Even though Kipchoge beat this time by more than two minutes, his result does not count as an official record by [[IAAF]] standards because of several factors, including the use of pacers who entered the race midway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-05-07/kipchoge-falls-26-seconds-short-of-first-sub-2-hour-marathon/8504084|title=Eliud Kipchoge falls 26 seconds short of first sub two-hour marathon|last=Buzacott-Speer|first=Eliza|date=6 May 2017|access-date=12 May 2017|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref>


==Aftermath==
==Aftermath==
===Documentary===
===Documentary===
Shortly after the race, Nike announced that they had partnered with National Geographic to produce a feature-length documentary, which was to be released at the end of the summer.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://news.nike.com/news/breaking2-results | title = Nike Celebrates its Breaking2 Results | date= 6 May 2017 | accessdate= 1 September 2017 | publisher = Nike | author = Nike News }}</ref> The documentary was published on National Geographic's [[YouTube]] channel on September 21, 2017.
A 55-minute documentary about the event also called ''Breaking2'' was produced in partnership with [[National Geographic Partners|National Geographic]] and released in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-29 |title=Watch the Epic Quest to Run a Marathon in Less Than 2 Hours |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/nike-two-hour-marathon-barrier |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517215829/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/nike-two-hour-marathon-barrier |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 17, 2021 |access-date=2022-09-29 |website=Travel |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://news.nike.com/news/breaking2-results | title = Nike Celebrates its Breaking2 Results | date= 6 May 2017 | access-date= 1 September 2017 | publisher = Nike | author = Nike News }}</ref>


===Subsequent attempts===
===Subsequent successful attempt===
In 2019, Kipchoge teamed up with [[Ineos]] to take on the [[Ineos 1:59 Challenge]], another attempt to break the two-hour mark. The attempt was ultimately successful as Kipchoge finished with a time of 1:59:40, but the time did not count as a world record because of the specific setup of the event which did not conform to the IAAF's requirements.
In 2019, Kipchoge participated in the [[Ineos 1:59 Challenge]], another attempt to break the two-hour mark. The attempt was ultimately successful as Kipchoge finished with a time of 1:59:40.2, but the time did not count as a world record because, like Breaking2, the setup of the event did not conform to the IAAF's requirements.


==References==
==References==
Line 66: Line 69:
==External links==
==External links==
* [http://news.nike.com/news/2-hour-marathon Nike Introduces Breaking2] December 12, 2016
* [http://news.nike.com/news/2-hour-marathon Nike Introduces Breaking2] December 12, 2016
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2ZLG-Fij_4 The Documentary on the Race, by National Geographic] September 21, 2017


{{Nike, Inc.|state=collapsed}}


[[Category:2017 marathons]]
[[Category:2017 marathons]]

Latest revision as of 15:17, 21 May 2024

Participants

Eliud Kipchoge
Zersenay Tadese
Lelisa Desisa

Breaking2 was a project by Nike to break the two-hour barrier for the marathon. Nike announced the project in November 2016 and organized a team of three elite runners who trained for a private race. The event was held on the Formula One race track Autodromo Nazionale di Monza in Italy on May 6, 2017.[1][2][3][4]

Eliud Kipchoge won the race with a time of 2:00:25.[5] While the world record at the time was 2:02:57, this run was not recognized as a new record, because Kipchoge and the other two elite athletes ran with a roster of interchangeable pacemakers.[6]

Team members

[edit]

Nike chose three runners to make the attempt:[4][7]

Name Nationality Birth date Age Previous best marathon
Lelisa Desisa  Ethiopia 14 January 1990 27 2:04:45
Eliud Kipchoge  Kenya 5 November 1984 32 2:03:05
Zersenay Tadese  Eritrea 8 February 1982 35 2:10:41

At the time, Kipchoge was the defending Olympic champion, having won the marathon at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, and Zersenay was the half marathon WR holder (58:23, set in 2010).

Nike also brought in 30 of their top sponsored athletes to serve as pacers for the race, including Andrew Bumbalough, Sam Chelanga, Chris Derrick, Bernard Lagat, and Lopez Lomong.[7][8]

Preparations

[edit]

Nike developed a new running shoe called the "Vaporfly Elite" for the attempt.[9] The Monza automobile racetrack was chosen for a combination of its low altitude, calm weather conditions, and short lap length. In addition to the pacemaker vehicle, runners acting as pacemakers were positioned to shield the key athletes in an attempt to reduce wind resistance.[10]

Race

[edit]

The race began at 5:45 am on Saturday, May 6, 2017, with a temperature of 12°C or 54°F (a higher than ideal temperature for professional marathoners, generally[11]) and some light rain.

To break the two-hour barrier, a pace of 2:50 min/km (4:34.5 per mile) was required. In order to achieve this, the racers followed behind a team of six pacers in a triangle formation who were themselves following a pace vehicle displaying a large clock of the race time and projecting green lasers onto the ground to indicate where the lead pacer should be at all times. The pacers only ran two laps (4.8 km) at a time and had 30 minute breaks in between shifts. Groups of pacers would cycle on and off in threes.[8] These innovations disqualified the performances from being recognised as official marathon records by the IAAF.[6]

The runners started off on pace, but Desisa fell off the pace about 16km in, and Tadese followed around 20km. Kipchoge remained on pace through 25km (at 1:11:03) and was only one second off pace at 30km. Kipchoge finished the race in 2:00:25 and said he had given 100 percent effort.[7]

Results

[edit]
Position Athlete Nationality Time
1st place, gold medalist(s) Eliud Kipchoge  Kenya 2:00:25
2nd place, silver medalist(s) Zersenay Tadese  Eritrea 2:06:51
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Lelisa Desisa  Ethiopia 2:14:10

At the time of the race, the world record of the marathon was 2:02:57 (set by Dennis Kimetto at the 2014 Berlin Marathon). Even though Kipchoge beat this time by more than two minutes, his result does not count as an official record by IAAF standards because of several factors, including the use of pacers who entered the race midway.[12]

Aftermath

[edit]

Documentary

[edit]

A 55-minute documentary about the event also called Breaking2 was produced in partnership with National Geographic and released in 2017.[13][14]

Subsequent successful attempt

[edit]

In 2019, Kipchoge participated in the Ineos 1:59 Challenge, another attempt to break the two-hour mark. The attempt was ultimately successful as Kipchoge finished with a time of 1:59:40.2, but the time did not count as a world record because, like Breaking2, the setup of the event did not conform to the IAAF's requirements.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ed Caesar (12 December 2016). "Inside Nike's Quest for the Impossible: a Two-Hour Marathon". Wired. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  2. ^ Alex Hutchinson (12 December 2016). "Nike's Audacious Plan: Break the 2-Hour Marathon Barrier in 2017". Runner's World. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  3. ^ Ross Tucker, Ph.D. (12 December 2016). "The sub-2 hour marathon in 2017? Thoughts on concept". The Science of Sport. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  4. ^ a b "Interactive: A look at how three marathoners could break the sub-2hr barrier on May 6". The Straits Times. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  5. ^ Jon Mulkeen (6 May 2017). "Kipchoge a 'happy man' in Monza". IAAF. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  6. ^ a b Caeser, Ed (6 May 2017). "Nike's Quest to Beat the Two-Hour Marathon Comes Up Oh So Short". Wired. Wired. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
  7. ^ a b c Nolan, Ali (6 May 2017). "So Close! Kipchoge Runs a 2:00:25 in the Breaking2 Attempt". Runner's World. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  8. ^ a b Strout, Erin (9 May 2017). "What It Was Like to Pace the Fastest Marathon in History". Runner's World. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  9. ^ "Nike Zoom VaporFly Elite: the shoe of Breaking2 you can't buy". www.runningshoesguru.com. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  10. ^ Matt Burgess, 10 May 2017 "If you missed Nike's two-hour marathon attempt you can relive it here" wired.co.uk
  11. ^ "Can the marathon's two-hour barrier be broken?". Economist. 2017-10-04. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  12. ^ Buzacott-Speer, Eliza (6 May 2017). "Eliud Kipchoge falls 26 seconds short of first sub two-hour marathon". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  13. ^ "Watch the Epic Quest to Run a Marathon in Less Than 2 Hours". Travel. 2017-09-29. Archived from the original on May 17, 2021. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  14. ^ Nike News (6 May 2017). "Nike Celebrates its Breaking2 Results". Nike. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
[edit]
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