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{{Short description|Defunct American conglomerate and production arm of the Marvel Entertainment Group (1962-1986)}}
{{Dablink|This article is about the defunct conglomerate, not the later Cadence Industries, a telecommunication-product distributor.}}
{{Hatnote|This article is about the defunct conglomerate, not the later Cadence Industries, a telecommunication-product distributor.}}
{{Lead too short|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Cadence Industries Corporation
| name = Cadence Industries Corporation
| logo = Perfect Film & Chemical.jpg
| logo = Perfect Film & Chemical.jpg
| logo_size = 275px
| logo_size = 275px
| caption = The stock certificate image used under its former name, Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation.
| logo_caption = The stock certificate image used under its former name, Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation
| former_name = Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation<br>(1962–1973)
| former_name = Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation<br>(1962–1973)
| type = Public
| type = Public
| traded_as =
| traded_as =
| genre =
| genre =
| fate = [[Liquidation|Liquidated]]
| fate = [[Liquidation|Liquidated]]
Line 14: Line 16:
| founder = [[Martin S. Ackerman]]
| founder = [[Martin S. Ackerman]]
| defunct = {{end date and age|1986}}<ref name=nyt1>{{cite news|last=Hicks|first=Jonathan|title=The Media Business; Marvel Comic Book Unit Being Sold for $82. 5 Million|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/08/business/the-media-business-marvel-comic-book-unit-being-sold-for-82.5-million.html|accessdate=May 5, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 8, 1988}}</ref>
| defunct = {{end date and age|1986}}<ref name=nyt1>{{cite news|last=Hicks|first=Jonathan|title=The Media Business; Marvel Comic Book Unit Being Sold for $82. 5 Million|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/11/08/business/the-media-business-marvel-comic-book-unit-being-sold-for-82.5-million.html|accessdate=May 5, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 8, 1988}}</ref>
| location_city = [[Caldwell, New Jersey]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Weddings; Lori A. Feinberg, Steven C. Kany|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/24/style/weddings-lori-a-feinberg-steven-c-kany.html|accessdate=22 August 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]|date=September 24, 1995}}</ref>
| location_city = [[Caldwell, New Jersey]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Weddings; Lori A. Feinberg, Steven C. Kany|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/24/style/weddings-lori-a-feinberg-steven-c-kany.html|accessdate=22 August 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 24, 1995}}</ref>
| location_country = [[United States]]
| location_country = [[United States]]
| key_people =
| key_people =
| industry = Medical<br>Publishing
| industry = [[Medication]]<br>Publishing
| products = {{unbulleted list|drugs|health aids|vitamins|magazines|comic books}}
| products = {{unbulleted list|Drugs|Health aids|Vitamins|Magazines|Comic books}}
| services = Film processor<br>Mail order
| services = Film processor<br>Mail order
| revenue =
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| net_income =
| assets =
| assets =
| equity =
| equity =
| num_employees =
| num_employees =
| divisions = [[Marvel Comics Group]] (1973–1986)
| divisions = [[Marvel Comics|Marvel Comics Group]] (1973–1986)
| subsid = {{unbulleted list|[[Curtis Publishing Company]]|Magazine Management (1968–1973)|[[Marvel Entertainment#Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc.|Marvel Entertainment Group]] (1986)}}
| subsid = {{unbulleted list|[[Curtis Circulation]] (1969–1986)|[[Magazine Management]] (1968–1973)|[[Marvel Entertainment#Marvel Entertainment Group|Marvel Entertainment Group]] (1986)|[[Plume & Atwood Industries]] (1968–1970)|[[Popular Library]] (1968–1970)}}
| homepage =
| homepage =
}}
}}

'''Cadence Industries Corporation''', formerly known as '''Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation''', was an [[United States|American]] conglomerate owned by Martin S. Ackerman. From 1968 through 1986, Cadence Industries was the parent company of [[Marvel Comics Group]] (formerly known as [[Magazine Management]]).
'''Cadence Industries Corporation''', formerly known as '''Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation''', was an American [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] owned by [[Martin S. Ackerman]]. From 1968 through 1986, Cadence Industries was the parent company of [[Marvel Comics|Marvel Comics Group]] (formerly known as [[Magazine Management]]).


==History==
==History==
===Perfect Film===
===Perfect Film===
Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation (Perfect Film) was formed in 1962 by Martin S. Ackerman<ref name=nym>{{cite news|last=Welles|first=Chris|title=Post-Mortem|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nOECAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=Magazine+Management+CO.,+Inc.&source=bl&ots=XukfyPaKqy&sig=YnM8PwX6QD7yy8mtgU258WcDh84&hl=en&ei=wFs8Ts78EZOLsAK50uEZ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBTgy#v=onepage&q=Magazine%20Management%20CO.%2C%20Inc.&f=false|accessdate=August 5, 2011| work =[[New York (magazine)|New York]] | date=February 10, 1969|pages=32–36}}</ref> from parts of his first four acquisitions: [[United Cigar Stores|United Whelan Corporation]], Hudson National, Perfect Photos, and Equality Plastics Inc. Hudson was a mail-order pharmaceuticals firm,<ref name=ca/> and Equality Plastics, a consumer-products distributor.<ref name=Time>{{cite news|title=Magazines: New Man for Curtis |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,841264,00.html |accessdate=6 August 2011 |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |publisher=[[Time Inc.]]|date=May 3, 1968 |archivedate=May 24, 2011 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110524001941/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C841264%2C00.html |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> Perfect Film sold off Whelan drugstores and the Pathe motion picture laboratory.<ref name=nym/>
Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation (Perfect Film) was formed in 1962 by [[Martin S. Ackerman]]<ref name=nym>{{cite news|last=Welles|first=Chris|title=Post-Mortem|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nOECAAAAMBAJ&q=Magazine+Management+CO.%2C+Inc.&pg=PA36|accessdate=August 5, 2011| work =[[New York (magazine)|New York]] | date=February 10, 1969|pages=32–36}}</ref> from parts of his first four acquisitions: [[United Cigar Stores|United Whelan Corporation]], Hudson National, Perfect Photos, and Equality Plastics Inc. Hudson was a mail-order pharmaceuticals firm,<ref name=ca/> and Equality Plastics, a consumer-products distributor.<ref name=Time>{{cite news|title=Magazines: New Man for Curtis |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,841264,00.html |accessdate=6 August 2011 |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |publisher=[[Time Inc.]]|date=May 3, 1968 |archivedate=May 24, 2011 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110524001941/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C841264%2C00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Perfect Film sold off Whelan drugstores and the [[Pathé]] motion picture laboratory.<ref name=nym/>


In early 1968, Perfect Film purchased [[Popular Library]], a paperback book company.<ref name=Time/> In 1968, Perfect Film loaned $5 million to [[Curtis Publishing Company]], publisher of the ''[[Saturday Evening Post]]'', at the request of Curtis' primary loan holder, [[First National Bank of Boston]].<ref name=Time/> In June and July 1968, Perfect Film sold [[US$]]40 million worth of securities, more than double the company's long-term debt. Later that year, it bought out publisher [[Martin Goodman (publisher)|Martin Goodman]] — owner of [[Magazine Management|Magazine Management Company]], the parent of [[Marvel Comics]] and other ventures — and made Magazine Management the direct subsidiary. It placed its other corporations as subsidiaries of that.<ref name=ca>{{cite web|last=Nadel |first=Nick |url=http://www.comicsalliance.com/2009/08/31/the-strange-business-history-of-marvel-comics/ |title=The Strange Business History of Marvel Comics |date=August 31, 2009 |publisher=Comics Alliance |accessdate=4 May 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319053209/http://www.comicsalliance.com/2009/08/31/the-strange-business-history-of-marvel-comics/ |archivedate=19 March 2012 |df= }}</ref> Perfect Film purchased the [[Culver Studios|Desilu Studios]] complex in 1968.<ref name=ccc>{{cite web|title=City History & Info: 9336 Washington (Ince's second) |url=http://www.culvercity.org/en/Visitors/CulverCityHistory/9336Washington |publisher=City of Culver City |accessdate=September 23, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710223934/http://www.culvercity.org/en/Visitors/CulverCityHistory/9336Washington |archivedate=July 10, 2011 |df= }}</ref>
In early 1968, Perfect Film purchased [[Popular Library]], a paperback book company.<ref name=Time/> In 1968, Perfect Film loaned $5 million to [[Curtis Publishing Company]], publisher of the ''[[Saturday Evening Post]]'', at the request of Curtis' primary loan holder, [[First National Bank of Boston]].<ref name=Time/> In June and July 1968, Perfect Film sold [[US$]]40 million worth of securities, more than double the company's long-term debt. Later that year, it bought out publisher [[Martin Goodman (publisher)|Martin Goodman]] – owner of [[Magazine Management|Magazine Management Company]], the parent of [[Marvel Comics]] and other ventures – and made Magazine Management the direct subsidiary. It placed its other corporations as subsidiaries of that.<ref name=ca>{{cite web|last=Nadel |first=Nick |url=http://www.comicsalliance.com/2009/08/31/the-strange-business-history-of-marvel-comics/ |title=The Strange Business History of Marvel Comics |date=August 31, 2009 |publisher=Comics Alliance |accessdate=4 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319053209/http://www.comicsalliance.com/2009/08/31/the-strange-business-history-of-marvel-comics/ |archivedate=19 March 2012 }}</ref> Also in 1968, Perfect Film purchased the [[Culver Studios|Desilu Studios]]-Culver City complex<ref name=ccc>{{cite web|title=City History & Info: 9336 Washington (Ince's second) |url=http://www.culvercity.org/en/Visitors/CulverCityHistory/9336Washington |publisher=City of Culver City |accessdate=September 23, 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710223934/http://www.culvercity.org/en/Visitors/CulverCityHistory/9336Washington |archivedate=July 10, 2011 }}</ref> and [[Plume & Atwood Industries]].<ref>{{Cite web|first= |last= |authorlink= |title= Records & Briefs New York State Appellate Division |website=Library of the New York Law Institute|date=November 4, 1968 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zuOj0B4RKf8C&q=plume+%26+atwood+silverman&pg=PA222 |accessdate=}}</ref>


In March 1969, Perfect Film and [[Commonwealth United Entertainment|Commonwealth United Corporation]] had tentatively agreed to a merger of Commonwealth and [[Plume Atwood Industries|Plume and Atwood]].<ref name=tch>{{cite news|title=Merger Near for Perfect|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rmEhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bIcFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4312%2C3810936|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130124224947/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rmEhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bIcFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4312,3810936|dead-url=yes|archive-date=January 24, 2013|accessdate=23 September 2011|newspaper=Tri City Herald|date=March 20, 1969|pages=21}} </ref> Despite attempts to revive the ''[[Saturday Evening Post]]''&nbsp;'s circulation, and with the lack of a purchaser, Curtis Publishing shut the magazine down in 1969. Perfect Film purchased [[Curtis Circulation|Curtis Circulation Company]] that same year from Curtis Publishing.<ref name=nym/> Also in 1969, OSF Industries purchased the [[Culver Studios|Desilu Studios]] in [[Culver City]] from the corporation, becoming The Culver City Studios the following year.<ref name=ccc/> Ackerman left Perfect Film In 1969.<ref name=nyo>{{cite news | title = Martin Ackerman, 61, Publisher; Closed The Saturday Evening Post | first = Bruce | last = Lambert | url =https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/04/obituaries/martin-ackerman-61-publisher-closed-the-saturday-evening-post.html | newspaper = [[The New York Times]] |publisher = [[The New York Times Company]]| date =August 4, 1993 | accessdate = September 10, 2011 }}</ref>
In March 1969, Perfect Film and [[Commonwealth United Entertainment|Commonwealth United Corporation]] had tentatively agreed to a merger of Commonwealth and Plume & Atwood.<ref name=tch>{{cite news|title=Merger Near for Perfect|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rmEhAAAAIBAJ&pg=4312%2C3810936|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130124224947/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rmEhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bIcFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4312,3810936|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 24, 2013|accessdate=23 September 2011|newspaper=Tri City Herald|date=March 20, 1969|pages=21}}</ref> Despite attempts to revive the ''[[Saturday Evening Post]]''&nbsp;'s circulation, and with the lack of a purchaser, Curtis Publishing shut the magazine down in 1969. Perfect Film purchased [[Curtis Circulation|Curtis Circulation Company]] that same year from Curtis Publishing.<ref name=nym/> Also in 1969, OSF Industries purchased the [[Culver Studios|Desilu Studios]] in [[Culver City]] from the corporation, becoming The Culver City Studios the following year.<ref name=ccc/> Ackerman left Perfect Film In 1969.<ref name=nyo>{{cite news | title = Martin Ackerman, 61, Publisher; Closed The Saturday Evening Post | first = Bruce | last = Lambert | url =https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/04/obituaries/martin-ackerman-61-publisher-closed-the-saturday-evening-post.html | newspaper = [[The New York Times]] | date =August 4, 1993 | accessdate = September 10, 2011 }}</ref>


Perfect Film sold Popular Library in 1970 to [[Fawcett Publications]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Copyrights of Golden-Age Comics | url=http://www.herogoggles.com/copyright1.html|work=Golden-Age Comic book Superheroes & Villains Encyclopedia | accessdate=20 September 2011}}</ref> In July 1970, Perfect Film agreed to sell its 50.5% ownership in Plume Atwood Industries to [[Cinerama]].<ref>{{cite news|title= Cinerama to Buy Plume & Atwood; Will Acquire 50.5% Interest Held by Perfect Film|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0A13FB3E5D137B93C6A8178CD85F448785F9|accessdate=September 23, 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]|date=July 1970}}</ref>
Perfect Film sold Popular Library in 1970 to [[Fawcett Publications]]<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | title=Copyrights of Golden-Age Comics | url=http://www.herogoggles.com/copyright1.html|encyclopedia=Golden-Age Comic book Superheroes & Villains Encyclopedia | accessdate=20 September 2011}}</ref> In July 1970, Perfect Film agreed to sell its 50.5% ownership in Plume & Atwood to [[Cinerama]].<ref>{{cite news|title= Cinerama to Buy Plume & Atwood; Will Acquire 50.5% Interest Held by Perfect Film|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0A13FB3E5D137B93C6A8178CD85F448785F9|accessdate=September 23, 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 1970}}</ref>


===Cadence Industries===
===Cadence Industries===
Under president and CEO [[Sheldon Feinberg]],<ref name=Ronin>{{cite book|last=Ro|first=Ronin|title=Tales to Astonish: Jack Kirby, Stan Lee and the American Comic Book Revolution | page = 179 | year = 2004 | publisher = [[Bloomsbury USA]] | isbn = 978-1-58234-345-7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CFhbqswztWkC&lpg=PA179&ots=8o1B9uCxtz&dq=Sheldon%20Feinberg%20Cadence%20Industries&pg=PA179#v=onepage&q=Sheldon%20Feinberg%20Cadence%20Industries&f=false}}</ref> the Company renamed itself Cadence Industries Corporation in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cadence Industries Corporation Entity Information (DOS ID #: 33485)|url=https://appext20.dos.ny.gov/corp_public/CORPSEARCH.ENTITY_INFORMATION?p_token=A0DCFB6A9400055E1BC213E81B30EEB5698813D0A239F3033D33CBF7F9C78B592BFB67519B711EB5D209771F5E3AF1D4&p_nameid=9EB20943C2889B3E&p_corpid=4171B7A26CA29237&p_captcha=11333&p_captcha_check=27E886988EE635BA&p_entity_name=%43%61%64%65%6E%63%65&p_name_type=%25&p_search_type=%42%45%47%49%4E%53&p_srch_results_page=2|website=Division of Corporations|publisher=[[New York State Department of State]]|accessdate=July 24, 2017}}</ref> In 1981, Cadence's Hudson Pharmaceutical Corporation hired [[Venet Advertising]] to advertise the company's Hudson Vitamins unit, makers of Spider-Man chewable vitamins.<ref name=nyt2>{{cite news|last=Dougherty|first=Philip H.|title=Advertising; Hudson Vitamins Assigned to Venet|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/09/business/advertising-hudson-vitamins-assigned-to-venet.html|accessdate=September 23, 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=November 9, 1981}}</ref>
Under president and CEO [[Sheldon Feinberg]],<ref name=Ronin>{{cite book|last=Ro|first=Ronin|title=Tales to Astonish: Jack Kirby, Stan Lee and the American Comic Book Revolution | page = 179 | year = 2004 | publisher = [[Bloomsbury USA]] | isbn = 978-1-58234-345-7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CFhbqswztWkC&q=Sheldon+Feinberg+Cadence+Industries&pg=PA179}}</ref> the Company renamed itself Cadence Industries Corporation in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cadence Industries Corporation Entity Information (DOS ID #: 33485)|url=https://appext20.dos.ny.gov/corp_public/CORPSEARCH.ENTITY_INFORMATION?p_token=A0DCFB6A9400055E1BC213E81B30EEB5698813D0A239F3033D33CBF7F9C78B592BFB67519B711EB5D209771F5E3AF1D4&p_nameid=9EB20943C2889B3E&p_corpid=4171B7A26CA29237&p_captcha=11333&p_captcha_check=27E886988EE635BA&p_entity_name=%43%61%64%65%6E%63%65&p_name_type=%25&p_search_type=%42%45%47%49%4E%53&p_srch_results_page=2|website=Division of Corporations|publisher=[[New York State Department of State]]|accessdate=July 24, 2017}}</ref> In 1981, Cadence's Hudson Pharmaceutical Corporation hired [[Venet Advertising]] to advertise the company's Hudson Vitamins unit, makers of [[Spider-Man]] chewable vitamins.<ref name=nyt2>{{cite news|last=Dougherty|first=Philip H.|title=Advertising; Hudson Vitamins Assigned to Venet|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/09/business/advertising-hudson-vitamins-assigned-to-venet.html|accessdate=September 23, 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=November 9, 1981}}</ref>


[[Mario Gabelli]] had invested in Cadence as he and his investing firm specialized in investing in potential takeover target.<ref name="nyt wallace">{{cite news|last1=Wallace|first1=Anise C.|title=Investing; Cashing In on the Merger Madness|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/08/business/investing-cashing-in-on-the-merger-madness.html|accessdate=July 24, 2017|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]|date=July 8, 1984}}</ref> In 1983, Cadence's management, including Marvel President [[Jim Galton]], made an offer for the company's share in order to take the company private. Gabelli considered the offer low and instead put the share up for sale on the open market. Cadence executives sued Gabelli over that attempted share sale, claiming the sale was an attempt to take control.<ref name="nyt wallace"/> When Cadence Industries was liquidated in 1986, it sold [[Marvel Entertainment Group]] to [[New World Pictures]]<ref name=nyt1/> while Curtis Circulation was sold to [[Joseph M. Walsh]] and [[Hachette Distribution Services]].<ref name=bw>{{cite news|title=Joseph Walsh: Executive Profile & Biography |accessdate=August 23, 2011|newspaper=Business Week|date=August 23, 2011 |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=1151043&privcapId=36198523&previousCapId=4761928&previousTitle=Curtis%20Circulation%20Company,%20LLC}}</ref>
[[Mario Gabelli]] had invested in Cadence as he and his investing firm specialized in investing in potential takeover targets.<ref name="nyt wallace">{{cite news|last1=Wallace|first1=Anise C.|title=Investing; Cashing In on the Merger Madness|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/08/business/investing-cashing-in-on-the-merger-madness.html|accessdate=July 24, 2017|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 8, 1984}}</ref> In 1983, Cadence's management, including Marvel President [[Jim Galton]], made an offer for the company's share in order to take the company private. Gabelli considered the offer low and instead put the share up for sale on the open market. Cadence executives sued Gabelli over that attempted share sale, claiming the sale was an attempt to take control.<ref name="nyt wallace"/> When Cadence Industries was liquidated in 1986, it sold [[Marvel Entertainment Group]] to [[New World Pictures]]<ref name=nyt1/> while Curtis Circulation was sold to [[Joseph M. Walsh]] and [[Hachette Distribution Services]].<ref name=bw>{{cite news|title=Joseph Walsh: Executive Profile & Biography |accessdate=August 23, 2011|newspaper=Business Week|date=August 23, 2011 |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=1151043&privcapId=36198523&previousCapId=4761928&previousTitle=Curtis%20Circulation%20Company,%20LLC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015114801/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=1151043&privcapId=36198523&previousCapId=4761928&previousTitle=Curtis%20Circulation%20Company,%20LLC|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 15, 2012}}</ref>


==Units==
==Units==
Line 53: Line 56:
*Hudson Pharmaceutical Corporation
*Hudson Pharmaceutical Corporation
**Hudson Vitamins<ref name=nyt2/>
**Hudson Vitamins<ref name=nyt2/>
*[[Magazine Management]] (1968–1973)/[[Marvel Entertainment#Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc.|Marvel Comics Group]] (1973–1986)/[[Marvel Entertainment#Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc.|Marvel Entertainment Group]] (1986)
*[[Magazine Management]] (1968–1973) / [[Marvel Comics|Marvel Comics Group]] (1973–1986) / [[Marvel Entertainment#Marvel Entertainment Group|Marvel Entertainment Group]] (1986)
**[[Marvel Comics]]<ref name=ca/>
**[[Marvel Comics]]<ref name=ca/>
**[[Marvel Productions]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Mangel|first=Andy|title=Marvel Age Issue 100 |date=May 1991 |publisher=Marvel Comics |url=http://www.andymangels.com/marvelage.html|editor=Jim Salicrup|accessdate=25 October 2011|chapter=Reel Marvel}}</ref>
**[[Marvel Productions]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Mangel|first=Andy|title=Marvel Age Issue 100 |date=May 1991 |publisher=Marvel Comics |url=http://www.andymangels.com/marvelage.html|editor=Jim Salicrup|accessdate=25 October 2011|chapter=Reel Marvel}}</ref>
*[[Perfect Subscription Companies]]<ref name=bw/>
*[[Perfect Subscription Companies]]<ref name=bw/>
*[[Plume and Atwood]]<ref name=tch/>
*[[Plume & Atwood]]<ref name=tch/>
*[[Popular Library]] (1968–1970)<ref name=Time/>
*[[Popular Library]] (1968–1970)<ref name=Time/>
*[[US Pencil and Stationery Company]]<ref name=bw/>
*[[US Pencil and Stationery Company]]<ref name=bw/>
Line 64: Line 67:
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


[[Category:Conglomerate companies of the United States]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in New Jersey]]
[[Category:Defunct companies based in New Jersey]]
[[Category:1986 disestablishments in New Jersey]]
[[Category:American companies established in 1962]]
[[Category:American companies established in 1962]]
[[Category:American companies disestablished in 1986]]
[[Category:Caldwell, New Jersey]]
[[Category:Companies based in Essex County, New Jersey]]
[[Category:Companies disestablished in 1986]]
[[Category:Companies disestablished in 1986]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies established in 1962]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies disestablished in 1986]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct companies based in New Jersey]]

Latest revision as of 15:15, 8 December 2024

This article is about the defunct conglomerate, not the later Cadence Industries, a telecommunication-product distributor.
Cadence Industries Corporation
FormerlyPerfect Film & Chemical Corporation
(1962–1973)
Company typePublic
IndustryMedication
Publishing
Predecessor
Founded1962; 63 years ago (1962)
FounderMartin S. Ackerman
Defunct1986; 39 years ago (1986)[1]
FateLiquidated
Headquarters
Caldwell, New Jersey[2]
,
United States
Products
  • Drugs
  • Health aids
  • Vitamins
  • Magazines
  • Comic books
ServicesFilm processor
Mail order
DivisionsMarvel Comics Group (1973–1986)
Subsidiaries

Cadence Industries Corporation, formerly known as Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation, was an American conglomerate owned by Martin S. Ackerman. From 1968 through 1986, Cadence Industries was the parent company of Marvel Comics Group (formerly known as Magazine Management).

History

[edit]

Perfect Film

[edit]

Perfect Film & Chemical Corporation (Perfect Film) was formed in 1962 by Martin S. Ackerman[3] from parts of his first four acquisitions: United Whelan Corporation, Hudson National, Perfect Photos, and Equality Plastics Inc. Hudson was a mail-order pharmaceuticals firm,[4] and Equality Plastics, a consumer-products distributor.[5] Perfect Film sold off Whelan drugstores and the Pathé motion picture laboratory.[3]

In early 1968, Perfect Film purchased Popular Library, a paperback book company.[5] In 1968, Perfect Film loaned $5 million to Curtis Publishing Company, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, at the request of Curtis' primary loan holder, First National Bank of Boston.[5] In June and July 1968, Perfect Film sold US$40 million worth of securities, more than double the company's long-term debt. Later that year, it bought out publisher Martin Goodman – owner of Magazine Management Company, the parent of Marvel Comics and other ventures – and made Magazine Management the direct subsidiary. It placed its other corporations as subsidiaries of that.[4] Also in 1968, Perfect Film purchased the Desilu Studios-Culver City complex[6] and Plume & Atwood Industries.[7]

In March 1969, Perfect Film and Commonwealth United Corporation had tentatively agreed to a merger of Commonwealth and Plume & Atwood.[8] Despite attempts to revive the Saturday Evening Post 's circulation, and with the lack of a purchaser, Curtis Publishing shut the magazine down in 1969. Perfect Film purchased Curtis Circulation Company that same year from Curtis Publishing.[3] Also in 1969, OSF Industries purchased the Desilu Studios in Culver City from the corporation, becoming The Culver City Studios the following year.[6] Ackerman left Perfect Film In 1969.[9]

Perfect Film sold Popular Library in 1970 to Fawcett Publications[10] In July 1970, Perfect Film agreed to sell its 50.5% ownership in Plume & Atwood to Cinerama.[11]

Cadence Industries

[edit]

Under president and CEO Sheldon Feinberg,[12] the Company renamed itself Cadence Industries Corporation in 1970.[13] In 1981, Cadence's Hudson Pharmaceutical Corporation hired Venet Advertising to advertise the company's Hudson Vitamins unit, makers of Spider-Man chewable vitamins.[14]

Mario Gabelli had invested in Cadence as he and his investing firm specialized in investing in potential takeover targets.[15] In 1983, Cadence's management, including Marvel President Jim Galton, made an offer for the company's share in order to take the company private. Gabelli considered the offer low and instead put the share up for sale on the open market. Cadence executives sued Gabelli over that attempted share sale, claiming the sale was an attempt to take control.[15] When Cadence Industries was liquidated in 1986, it sold Marvel Entertainment Group to New World Pictures[1] while Curtis Circulation was sold to Joseph M. Walsh and Hachette Distribution Services.[16]

Units

[edit]

References

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  1. ^ a b Hicks, Jonathan (November 8, 1988). "The Media Business; Marvel Comic Book Unit Being Sold for $82. 5 Million". The New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2011.
  2. ^ "Weddings; Lori A. Feinberg, Steven C. Kany". The New York Times. September 24, 1995. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
  3. ^ a b c d Welles, Chris (February 10, 1969). "Post-Mortem". New York. pp. 32–36. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  4. ^ a b c Nadel, Nick (August 31, 2009). "The Strange Business History of Marvel Comics". Comics Alliance. Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d "Magazines: New Man for Curtis". Time. Time Inc. May 3, 1968. Archived from the original on May 24, 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  6. ^ a b "City History & Info: 9336 Washington (Ince's second)". City of Culver City. Archived from the original on July 10, 2011. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
  7. ^ "Records & Briefs New York State Appellate Division". Library of the New York Law Institute. November 4, 1968.
  8. ^ a b "Merger Near for Perfect". Tri City Herald. March 20, 1969. p. 21. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
  9. ^ Lambert, Bruce (August 4, 1993). "Martin Ackerman, 61, Publisher; Closed The Saturday Evening Post". The New York Times. Retrieved September 10, 2011.
  10. ^ "Copyrights of Golden-Age Comics". Golden-Age Comic book Superheroes & Villains Encyclopedia. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
  11. ^ "Cinerama to Buy Plume & Atwood; Will Acquire 50.5% Interest Held by Perfect Film". The New York Times. July 1970. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
  12. ^ Ro, Ronin (2004). Tales to Astonish: Jack Kirby, Stan Lee and the American Comic Book Revolution. Bloomsbury USA. p. 179. ISBN 978-1-58234-345-7.
  13. ^ "Cadence Industries Corporation Entity Information (DOS ID #: 33485)". Division of Corporations. New York State Department of State. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
  14. ^ a b Dougherty, Philip H. (November 9, 1981). "Advertising; Hudson Vitamins Assigned to Venet". The New York Times. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
  15. ^ a b Wallace, Anise C. (July 8, 1984). "Investing; Cashing In on the Merger Madness". The New York Times. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
  16. ^ a b c d "Joseph Walsh: Executive Profile & Biography". Business Week. August 23, 2011. Archived from the original on October 15, 2012. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
  17. ^ Mangel, Andy (May 1991). "Reel Marvel". In Jim Salicrup (ed.). Marvel Age Issue 100. Marvel Comics. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
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