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{{Short description|German inventor of writing system}}
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{{no footnotes|date=February 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
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{{no footnotes|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Franz Xaver Gabelsberger
| name = Franz Xaver Gabelsberger
| image = Franz Xaver Gabelsberger.gif
| image = Franz Xaver Gabelsberger.jpg
| image_size =
| image_size =
| caption = Inventor of a shorthand system
| caption = Inventor of a shorthand system
| birth_date = {{birth date|1789|2|9|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1789|2|9}}
| birth_place = [[Munich]], [[Germany]]
| birth_place = [[Munich]], [[Electorate of Bavaria]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1849|1|4|1789|2|9|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1849|1|4|1789|2|9}}
| death_place = [[Munich]], [[Germany]]
| death_place = [[Munich]], [[Kingdom of Bavaria]]
| occupation =
| occupation =
| spouse =
| spouse =
}}
}}
[[File:Gabelsberger Shorthand Silver Award Medal.jpg|thumb|Gabelsberger Shorthand Silver Award Medal of the [[Hanover]] Stenographen-Verein of 1863, obverse.]]
'''Franz Xaver Gabelsberger''' (9 February 1789 – 4 January 1849, both in [[Munich]]) was a [[Germans|German]] inventor of a [[shorthand]] writing system, named [[Gabelsberger shorthand]] after him.
'''Franz Xaver Gabelsberger''' (9 February 1789, [[Munich]] - 4 January 1849, Munich) was a German [[stenographer]]; the inventor of [[Gabelsberger shorthand]].


== Biography ==
Gabelsberger, employed as typist by the [[Bavaria]]n government, started to develop a new shorthand system at age of 28. His system was first fully described in the textbook ''Anleitung zur deutschen Redezeichenkunst oder Stenographie'' (1834) and became rapidly used. He is buried in the [[Alter Südfriedhof]] in Munich.
His father was a wind instrument manufacturer, originally from [[Mainburg]], who died while Franz was still in school. As a result, he was transferred to a convent school and finished his studies at the [[Wilhelmsgymnasium München|Alten Gymnasium]] in 1807. He was unable to pursue his education further, due to lack of funds and poor health. Instead, he entered the civil service of the newly established [[Kingdom of Bavaria]].

His superiors were impressed by his skills in [[calligraphy]]. Meanwhile, he was contemplating a system that would make writing faster and easier. In 1817, he began to develop his system. As the German bureaucracies expanded, rapid transcription became essential. England and France already had such systems, but they proved difficult to adapt to German. Gabelsberger's method caught on quickly, and he became the first stenographer for the [[Landtag of Bavaria|Bavarian State Parliament]].

He was also promoted to Ministerial Secretary, and his system was certified by the [[Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities]] as being more reliable and legible than previous systems. Later, he was awarded 1,000 [[Bavarian Gulden|Gulden]] per year, half of which was to be used for his shorthand students. His method was officially named and published in 1834. He designed an abbreviation [[typeface]] in 1840.

In 1849, he suffered a stroke while out for a walk, and died shortly after. He was interred in the [[Alter Südfriedhof]]. From then until 1902, his system was revised three times. By that time, the number of users was estimated to be four million. Monuments have been dedicated to him in Munich, Vienna, and [[Traunstein]]. Streets in numerous German and Austrian cities are named after him. The medal of honor awarded by the German Stenographers' Association bears his likeness.

== Sources ==
* ''Franz Gabelsberger und seine Kunst''. [[Festschrift]]. G. Franzscher Verlag, Munich 1890 ([http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00008278/images/ Online])
* {{Cite ADB|8|291|293|Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver|E. Bauer|ADB:Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver}}
* {{NDB|6|4|5|Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver|Rudolf Weinmeister|118716026}}
* Jürgen Wurst: "Franz Xaver Gabelsberger". In: üAlexander Langheiter (Ed.): ''Monachia. Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus''. Munich 2005, {{ISBN|3-88645-156-9}}, pg.169
* Emil Zehl: ''Der Gabelsberger Stenographen-Verein zu Leipzig von 1846–1896'' ([https://bildsuche.digitale-sammlungen.de/index.html?c=viewer&bandnummer=bsb00072335&pimage=00001&v=150&nav=&l=de Online])
* Joseph Alteneder, ''Franz Xaver Gabelsberger, Erfinder der deutschen Stenographie'', Vol. 1: "Gabelsbergers Lebensverhältnisse und öffentliche Tätigkeit", G. Franzscher Verlag, 1902 ([http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00008985/images/index.html?id=00008985&groesser=&fip=qrssdaseayafsdrqrseayayztsxdsydeayafsdrewq&no=34&seite=1 Online])

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== External links ==
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{{Commonscat inline|Franz Xaver Gabelsberger}}
* {{DNB-Portal|118716026}}


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==External links==
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*{{commons-inline|Franz Xaver Gabelsberger}}
*[http://www.weltchronik.de/ws/bio/g/gabelsberger/gf01849a-GabelsbergerFranzXaver-17890209b-18490104d-02.jpg Image of Gabelsberger]
*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=6050 Photographs of the memorial at Gabelsberger's grave]
*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=pis&GRid=6050&PIgrid=6050&PIcrid=639238&PIpi=278899&ShowCemPhotos=Y& Postage stamp showing Gabelsberger]
*[http://www.tu-dresden.de/slub/MiamiExhibit/steno.htm The Stenographic Collection (Dresden)], includes various items related to Gabelsberger, originally from the Library of the Royal Saxon Stenographic Institute
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:1789 births]]
[[Category:1789 births]]
[[Category:1849 deaths]]
[[Category:1849 deaths]]
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[[Category:German inventors]]
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[[Category:Creators of writing systems]]
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[[Category:People educated at the Wilhelmsgymnasium, Munich]]
[[Category:People from Munich]]
[[Category:People from Munich]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Bavaria]]
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[[Category:19th-century German inventors]]
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[[Category:Creators of writing systems]]
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[[Category:People educated at the Wilhelmsgymnasium (Munich)]]
[[Category:Burials at the Alter Südfriedhof]]
[[Category:Burials at the Alter Südfriedhof]]

{{Germany-engineer-stub}}
{{writingsystem-stub}}

Latest revision as of 12:23, 3 June 2024

Franz Xaver Gabelsberger
Inventor of a shorthand system
Born(1789-02-09)9 February 1789
Munich, Electorate of Bavaria
Died4 January 1849(1849-01-04) (aged 59)
Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria
Gabelsberger Shorthand Silver Award Medal of the Hanover Stenographen-Verein of 1863, obverse.

Franz Xaver Gabelsberger (9 February 1789, Munich - 4 January 1849, Munich) was a German stenographer; the inventor of Gabelsberger shorthand.

Biography

[edit]

His father was a wind instrument manufacturer, originally from Mainburg, who died while Franz was still in school. As a result, he was transferred to a convent school and finished his studies at the Alten Gymnasium in 1807. He was unable to pursue his education further, due to lack of funds and poor health. Instead, he entered the civil service of the newly established Kingdom of Bavaria.

His superiors were impressed by his skills in calligraphy. Meanwhile, he was contemplating a system that would make writing faster and easier. In 1817, he began to develop his system. As the German bureaucracies expanded, rapid transcription became essential. England and France already had such systems, but they proved difficult to adapt to German. Gabelsberger's method caught on quickly, and he became the first stenographer for the Bavarian State Parliament.

He was also promoted to Ministerial Secretary, and his system was certified by the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities as being more reliable and legible than previous systems. Later, he was awarded 1,000 Gulden per year, half of which was to be used for his shorthand students. His method was officially named and published in 1834. He designed an abbreviation typeface in 1840.

In 1849, he suffered a stroke while out for a walk, and died shortly after. He was interred in the Alter Südfriedhof. From then until 1902, his system was revised three times. By that time, the number of users was estimated to be four million. Monuments have been dedicated to him in Munich, Vienna, and Traunstein. Streets in numerous German and Austrian cities are named after him. The medal of honor awarded by the German Stenographers' Association bears his likeness.

Sources

[edit]
  • Franz Gabelsberger und seine Kunst. Festschrift. G. Franzscher Verlag, Munich 1890 (Online)
  • E. Bauer (1878), "Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 8, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 291–293
  • Rudolf Weinmeister (1964), "Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 6, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 4–5; (full text online)
  • Jürgen Wurst: "Franz Xaver Gabelsberger". In: üAlexander Langheiter (Ed.): Monachia. Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus. Munich 2005, ISBN 3-88645-156-9, pg.169
  • Emil Zehl: Der Gabelsberger Stenographen-Verein zu Leipzig von 1846–1896 (Online)
  • Joseph Alteneder, Franz Xaver Gabelsberger, Erfinder der deutschen Stenographie, Vol. 1: "Gabelsbergers Lebensverhältnisse und öffentliche Tätigkeit", G. Franzscher Verlag, 1902 (Online)
[edit]

Media related to Franz Xaver Gabelsberger at Wikimedia Commons

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