Klepp I Runestone: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Latest revision as of 21:25, 23 February 2024

The Klepp I Runestone, listed as N 225 in the Rundata catalog, is one of two runestones from Klepp in Rogaland, Norway. It is among the few Viking Age runestones that was raised as a memorial to a woman.

Description

The Klepp I Runestone has three lines of runic text on two sides of the stone. The runic inscription ends with a cross, indicating that it dates from after the local conversion to Christianity, or the late 10th or early 11th century.^[1] The inscription provides an early example of the use of the name Kleppr, which means "rocky hill," for the town of Klepp. It has been suggested that the detailed description of the family relationships in the inscription may have been to document the inheritance of the estate of the deceased woman Ásgerðr.^[1] The details of the family ties indicate the different ways that Ásgerðr could inherit property and how it then could be divided among the living.

Although the runestone is classified as a Christian monument, Ásgerðr combines two name elements from Norse paganism: Ás, which refers to one of the Æsir, the main group of Norse gods, and the name of the goddess Gerðr, who was the wife of the god Freyr.^[2]

Inscription

A:

þurir

Þórir

:

harþar:sunr

Harðarsonr

:

raisti

reisti

:

stain

stein

:

þina

þenna

:

¶

aft

ept

:

oskarþi

Ásgerði,

:

kuon

kván

:

sina

sína,

:

(t)u(t)ur

dóttur

:

kunars

Gunnars,

(:)

Þórir Harðr's son raised this stone in memory of his wife Ásgerðr, daughter of Gunnarr

B:

bruþur

bróður

:

halka

Helga

:

o

á

:

klabi

Kleppi.

+

(the) brother of Helgi of Kleppr. ^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Spurkland, Terje (2005). Norwegian Runes and Runic Inscriptions. van der Hoek, Betsy (trans.). Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 91, 117. ISBN 1-84383-186-4.
^ Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1878). An Icelandic-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. pp. 197.
^ Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk - Rundata entry for N 225.

External links

Norske runeinnskrifter med de yngre runer, shows Norwegian inscriptions with images (in Norwegian)

[Spurkland-1] Spurkland, Terje (2005). Norwegian Runes and Runic Inscriptions. van der Hoek, Betsy (trans.). Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 91, 117. ISBN 1-84383-186-4.

[Dict-2] Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1878). An Icelandic-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. pp. 197.

[Rundata-3] Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk - Rundata entry for N 225.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Runestone}}
 The '''Klepp I Runestone''', listed as '''N 225''' in the [[Rundata]] catalog, is one of two [[runestone]]s from [[Klepp]] in [[Rogaland]], [[Norway]]. It is among the few [[Viking Age]] runestones that was raised as a memorial to a woman.
 ==Description==
-The Klepp I Runestone has three lines of runic text on two sides of the stone. The runic inscription ends with a [[Christian cross|cross]], indicating that it dates from after the local conversion to [[Christianity]], or the late 10th or early 11th century.<ref name="Spurkland">{{Cite book |last=Spurkland |first=Terje |authorlink= |others=van der Hoek, Betsy (trans.) |title=Norwegian Runes and Runic Inscriptions |publisher=Boydell Press |year=2005 |location=Woodbridge |pages=91, 117 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1QDKqY-NWvUC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |id= |isbn=1-84383-186-4}}</ref> The inscription provides an early example of the use of the name ''Kleppr'', which means "rocky hill," for the town of Klepp. It has been suggested that the detailed description of the family relationships in the inscription may have been to document the [[inheritance]] of the estate of the deceased woman Ásgerðr.<ref name="Spurkland"/> The details of the family ties indicate the different ways that Ásgerðr could inherit property and how it then could be divided among the living.
+The Klepp I Runestone has three lines of runic text on two sides of the stone. The runic inscription ends with a [[Christian cross|cross]], indicating that it dates from after the local conversion to [[Christianity]], or the late 10th or early 11th century.<ref name="Spurkland">{{Cite book |last=Spurkland |first=Terje |others=van der Hoek, Betsy (trans.) |title=Norwegian Runes and Runic Inscriptions |publisher=Boydell Press |year=2005 |location=Woodbridge |pages=91, 117 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1QDKqY-NWvUC |isbn=1-84383-186-4}}</ref> The inscription provides an early example of the use of the name ''Kleppr'', which means "rocky hill," for the town of Klepp. It has been suggested that the detailed description of the family relationships in the inscription may have been to document the [[inheritance]] of the estate of the deceased woman Ásgerðr.<ref name="Spurkland"/> The details of the family ties indicate the different ways that Ásgerðr could inherit property and how it then could be divided among the living.
-Although the runestone is classified as a Christian monument, Ásgerðr combines two name elements from [[Norse paganism]]: Ás, which refers to one of the [[Æsir]], the main group of Norse gods, and the name of the goddess [[Gerðr]], who was the wife of the god [[Freyr]].<ref name="Dict">{{Cite book |last=Cleasby |first=Richard |authorlink=Richard Cleasby |last2=Vigfússon |first2=Guðbrandur |author2-link=Guðbrandur Vigfússon |title=An Icelandic-English Dictionary |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1878 |location= |pages=197 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RnEJAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false |doi= |id= |isbn= }}</ref>
+Although the runestone is classified as a Christian monument, Ásgerðr combines two name elements from [[Norse paganism]]: Ás, which refers to one of the [[Æsir]], the main group of Norse gods, and the name of the goddess [[Gerðr]], who was the wife of the god [[Freyr]].<ref name="Dict">{{Cite book |last1=Cleasby |first1=Richard |author-link=Richard Cleasby |last2=Vigfússon |first2=Guðbrandur |author2-link=Guðbrandur Vigfússon |title=An Icelandic-English Dictionary |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1878 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RnEJAAAAQAAJ/page/n314 197] |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RnEJAAAAQAAJ }}</ref>
 ==Inscription==
+{{fs interlinear |lang=non |spacing=0.5 |class1=bold |number=A:
-===Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters===
-:A: '''þurir : harþar:sunr : raisti : stain : þina : ¶ aft : oskarþi : kuon : sina : (t)u(t)ur : kunars (:)'''
+|þurir : harþar:sunr : raisti : stain : þina : ¶ aft : oskarþi : kuon : sina : (t)u(t)ur : kunars (:)
+|Þórir {} Harðarsonr {} reisti {} stein {} þenna {} {} ept {} Ásgerði, {} kván {} sína, {} dóttur {} Gunnars, {}
-:B: '''bruþur : halka : o : klabi +'''<ref name="Rundata">[http://www.nordiska.uu.se/forskn/samnord.htm Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk] - [[Rundata]] entry for N 225.</ref>
+|Þórir Harðr's son raised this stone in memory of his wife Ásgerðr, daughter of Gunnarr
+}}
+{{fs interlinear |lang=non |spacing=0.5 |class1=bold |number=B:
-===Transcription into Old Norse===
+|bruþur : halka : o : klabi +
-:A: ''Þórir Harðarsonr reisti stein þenna ept Ásgerði, kván sína, dóttur Gunnars,''
-:B: ''bróður Helga á Kleppi.''<ref name="Rundata"/>
+|bróður {} Helga {} á {} Kleppi. {}
+|(the) brother of Helgi of Kleppr.
+<ref name="Rundata">[http://www.nordiska.uu.se/forskn/samnord.htm Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk] - [[Rundata]] entry for N 225.</ref>
+}}
+==See also==
-===Translation in English===
+*[[List of runestones]]
-:A: Þórir Harðr's son raised this stone in memory of his wife Ásgerðr, daughter of Gunnarr
-:B: (the) brother of Helgi of Kleppr.<ref name="Rundata"/>
 ==References==
@@ Line 28: / Line 32: @@
 [[Category:Runestones raised in memory of women]]
 [[Category:Runestones in Norway]]
+[[Category:10th-century inscriptions]]
+[[Category:11th-century inscriptions]]