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{{Enantiornithes}}
 
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{{Short description|Extinct genus of birds}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
{{speciesbox
| name = ''Longchengornis''
| fossil_range = [[Early Cretaceous]], {{fossil range|120}}
| fossil_range = [[Early Cretaceous]], {{fossil range|120}}
| image =
| genus = Longchengornis
| genus = Longchengornis
| parent_authority = Hou, 1997
| parent_authority = Hou, 1997
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}}
}}


'''''Longchengornis''''' is a [[genus]] of [[enantiornithean]] birds which lived during the early [[Cretaceous Period]], about 120 mya, and is known from a [[fossil]] found in the [[Jiufotang Formation]] in [[Liaoning]] province, [[People's Republic of China]]. It contains the single species ''L. sanyanensis'', though some researchers believe this to be a synonym of the similar species ''[[Cathayornis yandica]]''.<ref name=zhou&wang2010>Zhou Z. and Wang Y. (2010). "Vertebrate diversity of the Jehol Biota as compared with other lagerstätten." ''Science China: Earth Sciences'', '''53'''(12): 1894–1907. {{doi|10.1007/s11430-010-4094-9}} [http://www.ivpp.ac.cn/qt/papers/201101/P020110105557211600899.pdf]</ref>
'''''Longchengornis''''' is a [[genus]] of [[enantiornithean]] birds which lived during the early [[Cretaceous Period]], about 120 mya, and is known from a [[fossil]] found in the [[Jiufotang Formation]] in [[Liaoning]] province, [[People's Republic of China]]. It contains the single species ''L. sanyanensis'', though some researchers believe this to be a synonym of the similar species ''[[Cathayornis yandica]]''.<ref name=zhou&wang2010>Zhou Z. and Wang Y. (2010). "Vertebrate diversity of the Jehol Biota as compared with other lagerstätten." ''Science China: Earth Sciences'', '''53'''(12): 1894–1907. {{doi|10.1007/s11430-010-4094-9}} [http://www.ivpp.ac.cn/qt/papers/201101/P020110105557211600899.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201125/http://www.ivpp.ac.cn/qt/papers/201101/P020110105557211600899.pdf |date=2013-10-29 }}</ref>


== Discovery and etymology ==
The [[type species]] ''Longchengornis sanyanensis'' was in 1997 named and described by [[Hou Lianhai]]. The generic name ''Longchengornis'' combines the older name of [[Chaoyang, Liaoning|Chaoyang]], Longcheng or "Dragon City", with a Greek ''ornis'', "bird". The [[specific name (zoology)|specific name]] refers to the Sanyan, the "Three Yan" as the discovery was made on the former territory of the three Yan kingdoms: the [[Former Yan]], the [[Later Yan]] and the [[Northern Yan]].<ref name=hou1997/>
The [[type species]] ''Longchengornis sanyanensis'' was named and described in 1997 by [[Hou Lianhai]]. The generic name ''Longchengornis'' combines the older name of [[Chaoyang, Liaoning|Chaoyang]], Longcheng or "Dragon City", with a Greek ''ornis'', "bird". The [[specific name (zoology)|specific name]] refers to the Sanyan, the "Three Yan" as the discovery was made on the former territory of the three Yan kingdoms: the [[Former Yan]], the [[Later Yan]] and the [[Northern Yan]].<ref name=hou1997/>


== Description ==
⚫
''Longchengornis sanyanensis'' is known from a single, partially articulated fossil skeleton and partial skull, [[holotype]] '''IVPP V10530'''. It is characterized by a wide humerus (upper arm bone) expanded at the shoulder joint, where there was a unique circular depression in the deltopectoral crest. The species had long, slender legs with large, hooked claws. The upper arm was slightly shorter than the lower arm, and the hand retained at least two claws.<ref name=hou1997>{{cite book | last = Hou | first = Lianhou | year = 1997 | title = Mesozoic Birds of China | publisher = Phoenix Valley Provincial Aviary of Taiwan | url = http://paleoglot.org/files/Hou_00.pdf}}</ref>
''Longchengornis sanyanensis'' is known from a single, partially articulated fossil skeleton and partial skull. [[Holotype]] '''IVPP V10530''' indicates an animal with a length of {{cvt|11|cm}}, hip height of {{cvt|7.5|cm}}, and weight of {{cvt|20|g}}.<ref name=Molina2022>{{cite book
| isbn = 9780691190594
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WnZyDwAAQBAJ&dq=avisaurus+size&pg=PA281
| title = Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Theropods and Other Dinosauriformes
| publisher = Princeton University Press
| date = June 25, 2019
| access-date = 29 August 2022
| pages = 281
| author = Rubén Molina-Pérez, Asier Larramendi, David Connolly, Gonzalo Ángel Ramírez Cruz, Andrey Atuchin
⚫
}}</ref> ''Longchengornis'' is characterized by a wide humerus (upper arm bone) expanded at the shoulder joint, where there was a unique circular depression in the deltopectoral crest. The species had long, slender legs with large, hooked claws. The upper arm was slightly shorter than the lower arm, and the hand retained at least two claws.<ref name=hou1997>{{cite book | last = Hou | first = Lianhou | year = 1997 | title = Mesozoic Birds of China | publisher = Phoenix Valley Provincial Aviary of Taiwan | url = http://paleoglot.org/files/Hou_00.pdf}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Enantiornithes|state=expanded}}
{{Enantiornithes}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q8137122}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q8137122}}


[[Category:Bird genera]]
[[Category:Bird genera]]
[[Category:Early Cretaceous birds of Asia]]
[[Category:Early Cretaceous birds of Asia]]
[[Category:Euenantiornithes]]
[[Category:Enantiornitheans]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1997]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1997]]


Latest revision as of 16:28, 19 January 2024

Longchengornis
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous, 120 Ma
↓
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Clade: Theropoda
Clade: Avialae
Clade: †Enantiornithes
Genus: †Longchengornis
Hou, 1997
Species:
†L. sanyanensis
Binomial name
†Longchengornis sanyanensis
Hou, 1997

Longchengornis is a genus of enantiornithean birds which lived during the early Cretaceous Period, about 120 mya, and is known from a fossil found in the Jiufotang Formation in Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. It contains the single species L. sanyanensis, though some researchers believe this to be a synonym of the similar species Cathayornis yandica.[1]

Discovery and etymology

[edit]

The type species Longchengornis sanyanensis was named and described in 1997 by Hou Lianhai. The generic name Longchengornis combines the older name of Chaoyang, Longcheng or "Dragon City", with a Greek ornis, "bird". The specific name refers to the Sanyan, the "Three Yan" as the discovery was made on the former territory of the three Yan kingdoms: the Former Yan, the Later Yan and the Northern Yan.[2]

Description

[edit]

Longchengornis sanyanensis is known from a single, partially articulated fossil skeleton and partial skull. Holotype IVPP V10530 indicates an animal with a length of 11 cm (4.3 in), hip height of 7.5 cm (3.0 in), and weight of 20 g (0.71 oz).[3] Longchengornis is characterized by a wide humerus (upper arm bone) expanded at the shoulder joint, where there was a unique circular depression in the deltopectoral crest. The species had long, slender legs with large, hooked claws. The upper arm was slightly shorter than the lower arm, and the hand retained at least two claws.[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Zhou Z. and Wang Y. (2010). "Vertebrate diversity of the Jehol Biota as compared with other lagerstätten." Science China: Earth Sciences, 53(12): 1894–1907. doi:10.1007/s11430-010-4094-9 [1] Archived 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ a b Hou, Lianhou (1997). Mesozoic Birds of China (PDF). Phoenix Valley Provincial Aviary of Taiwan.
  3. ^ Rubén Molina-Pérez, Asier Larramendi, David Connolly, Gonzalo Ángel Ramírez Cruz, Andrey Atuchin (June 25, 2019). Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Theropods and Other Dinosauriformes. Princeton University Press. p. 281. ISBN 9780691190594. Retrieved 29 August 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


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