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Malo (island): Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 15°41′S 167°10′E / 15.683°S 167.167°E / -15.683; 167.167
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{{Short description|Island in Vanuatu}}
{{About|the island in Vanuatu|the island in the Solomon Islands|Malo (Solomon Islands)}}
{{About|the island in Vanuatu|the island in the Solomon Islands|Malo (Solomon Islands)}}
{{Infobox islands
{{Coord|15|41|S|167|10|E|region:VU_type:isle_source:dewiki|display=title}}
| name = Malo
| local_name = Tamambo
| image_name =
| map = Vanuatu
| map_caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_link =
| location = [[Pacific Ocean]]
| coordinates = {{coord|15|41|S|167|10|E|region:VU|display=inline,title}}
| archipelago = [[New Hebrides]]
| total_islands =
| major_islands =
| area_km2 = 180
| highest_mount =
| elevation_m = 326
| country = Vanuatu
| country_admin_divisions_title = [[Provinces of Vanuatu|Province]]
| country_admin_divisions = Sanma
| country_largest_city =
| country_largest_city_population =
| population = 4,273
| population_as_of = 2009
| density_km2 =
| ethnic_groups = [[Ni-Vanuatu]]
|map_image=00-325 MALO I.png|map_image_caption=Map of the island}}


'''Malo''' (formerly known as '''St. Bartholomew''') is an island in [[Vanuatu]], {{convert|3|km|abbr=on}} off the southern coast of the larger [[Espiritu Santo]] in [[Sanma Province]].<ref name=JohnSeach1>{{cite web
'''Malo''' (formerly known as ''St. Bartholomew'') is an island in [[Vanuatu]] {{convert|3|km|abbr=on}} off the southern coast of Vanuatu's largest island, [[Espiritu Santo]], in [[Sanma Province]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Surrounding Islands |url=http://www.espiritusantotourism.com/about-espiritu-santo/surrounding-islands |publisher=Espiritu Santo Tourism |access-date=17 August 2018}}</ref><ref name=JohnSeach1>{{cite web
| title = Malo Island, Vanuatu
| title = Malo Island, Vanuatu
| url = http://travel.vu/malo.html
| url = http://travel.vu/malo.html
| author = John Seach |publisher=Vanuatu Travel
| author = John Seach |publisher=Vanuatu Travel
| accessdate = 2012-02-18
| access-date = 2012-02-18
}}</ref> It has a circumference of {{convert|55|km|abbr=on}} and an area of {{convert|180|km²|abbr=on}}.
}}</ref> It has a circumference of {{convert|55|km|abbr=on}} and an area of {{convert|180|km²|abbr=on}}. It is {{convert|17|km|mi|disp=or}} long, and {{convert|13|km|mi|disp=or}} across at its widest point. The highest point on the island is Mount Malo ({{convert|326|m|ft|disp=or}}).


The climate is [[tropical rainforest climate|perhumid tropical]]. The average annual rainfall is roughly {{convert|3000|mm|inch|-1|disp=or}}. The island is frequently subjected to cyclones and earthquakes.
⚫
In 1979 the island had a population of 2,312. The 1999 census found a population of 3,532. By the 2009 census, the total population had grown to 4,273, an increase of 21% since 1999.<ref>{{cite |title=2009 National Census of Population and Housing Summary Release |url=http://www.governmentofvanuatu.gov.vu/index.php?option=com_phocadownload&view=category&id=3&Itemid=230 |publisher=Vanuatu National Statistics Office |location=Port Vila, Vanuatu |date=
31 August 2009 |accessdate=23 February 2012}}</ref> Avunatari (Abnetare), the main center on the northwest coast, had 600 people in 1999.{{cn|date=February 2012}}


==Geography==
Like most of [[Vanuatu]], the island is of volcanic origin. The highest point on the island is Malo Peak, at {{convert|326|m|abbr=on}} above [[sea level]].{{cn|date=February 2012}}
Like most of the islands of [[Vanuatu]], Malo is of volcanic origin. The highest point on the island is Malo Peak, which rises to {{convert|326|m|abbr=on}} above [[sea level]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Siméoni|first1=Patricia|title=Atlas du Vanouatou|date=2009|publisher=Éditions Géo-consultre|location=Port-Vila|isbn=978-2-9533362-0-7|page=31}}</ref>


The main products of the island are [[copra]] and [[Cocoa bean|cocoa]] grown on plantations.<ref name=JohnSeach1/>
The main products of the island are [[copra]] and [[Cocoa bean|cocoa]]. Both crops are grown on plantations.<ref name=JohnSeach1/>


==Natural history==
⚫
There are two main cultural groups on the island of Malo, the cultural group of Auta that inhabits the western part of the island as well as the cultural group of Tinjivo that inhabits the eastern portion of the island. Both these cultural group speak a variant of the Malo language. Malo is also the name of the [[Austronesian language]] spoken on the island.{{cn|date=February 2012}}
A {{convert|5,650|ha|acre|-1|disp=or}} tract, encompassing the western end of the island, has been recognised as an [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA) by [[BirdLife International]], because it supports populations of [[Vanuatu megapode]]s, [[Vanuatu kingfisher]]s, [[palm lorikeet]]s, [[fan-tailed gerygone]]s, and [[Vanuatu white-eye]]s.<ref name=bli>{{cite web |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/west-malo-iba-vanuatu|title= West Malo|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 12 February 2021}}</ref>


The pseudohermaphroditic [[Narave pig]] is found on the island. The people of Malo Island consider the pig to be sacred.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.swprp.org/intersexual-pigs|title=Intersex Pigs|work=Southwest Pacific Research Project|access-date=2023-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.psu.edu/news/research/story/pigs-paradise/|title=Pigs in Paradise|work=Penn State University|access-date=2023-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0608220103|title=Recent Southeast Asian domestication and Lapita dispersal of sacred male pseudohermaphroditic "tuskers" and hairless pigs of Vanuatu|first1=J. Koji|last1=Lum|first2=James K.|last2=McIntyre|first3=Douglas L.|last3=Greger|first4=Kirk W.|last4=Huffman|first5=Miguel G.|last5=Vilar|date=November 14, 2006|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=103|issue=46|pages=17190–17195|doi=10.1073/pnas.0608220103|pmid=17088556|pmc=1859908}}</ref>
Vanuatu's first recorded permanent settlement was on Malo.<ref name=JohnSeach1/>

==Demographics==
⚫
In 1979, the island had a population of 2,312. The 1999 census found a population of 3,532. By the 2009 census, the total population had grown to 4,273, an increase of 21% since 1999.<ref>{{citation |title=2009 National Census of Population and Housing Summary Release |url=http://www.governmentofvanuatu.gov.vu/index.php?option=com_phocadownload&view=category&id=3&Itemid=230 |publisher=Vanuatu National Statistics Office |location=Port Vila, Vanuatu |date=31 August 2009 |access-date=23 February 2012}}</ref> Avunatari (Abnetare), the main center on the northwest coast, had 600 people in 1999.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}}

⚫
There are two main cultural groups on the island of Malo, the cultural group of Auta that inhabits the western part of the island and the cultural group of Tinjivo that inhabits the eastern portion of the island. Both these groups speak a variant of the [[Tamambo language]]. Malo is also the name of the [[Austronesian language]] spoken on the island.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}}

The earliest archaeological evidence of human habitation in Vanuatu is from a site on Malo that was settled circa 1400 BC. Artifacts from this early settlement are characteristic of the [[Lapita|Lapita culture]].<ref name=JohnSeach1/><ref name = BennettHarewood2003/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|refs =


<ref name = BennettHarewood2003>
{{cite book
| author1 = Michelle Bennett
| author2 = Jocelyn Harewood
| title = Vanuatu
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=NSwg7xc6DwQC&pg=PA11
| date = September 2003
| publisher = Lonely Planet
| isbn = 978-1-74059-239-0
| page = 11
| quote = The earliest evidence of human occupation in Vanuatu comes from a site on the island of Malo, first settled in about 1400 BC by people of the Lapita culture.
| access-date = 2012-08-11
}}</ref>

}}
{{Commons category|Malo Island}}
<!--Navigation box--><br />
<!--Navigation box--><br />
{{Provinces and islands of Vanuatu}}
{{Provinces and islands of Vanuatu}}


{{authority control}}


[[Category:Islands of Vanuatu]]
[[Category:Islands of Vanuatu]]
[[Category:Sanma Province]]
[[Category:Sanma Province]]
[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Vanuatu]]




{{Vanuatu-geo-stub}}
{{Vanuatu-geo-stub}}

[[de:Malo (Vanuatu)]]
[[eo:Malo (Vanuatuo)]]
[[fr:Malo (île)]]
[[gl:Illa Malo]]
[[it:Malo (Vanuatu)]]
[[mrj:Мало (ошмаоты)]]
[[nl:Malo (eiland)]]
[[pt:Malo (ilha)]]
[[ru:Мало (остров)]]
[[zh:馬洛島]]

Latest revision as of 12:13, 12 December 2023

This article is about the island in Vanuatu. For the island in the Solomon Islands, see Malo (Solomon Islands).
Malo
Tamambo
Map of the island
Malo is located in Vanuatu
Malo
Malo
Geography
LocationPacific Ocean
Coordinates15°41′S 167°10′E / 15.683°S 167.167°E / -15.683; 167.167
ArchipelagoNew Hebrides
Area180 km2 (69 sq mi)
Highest elevation326 m (1070 ft)
Administration
Vanuatu
ProvinceSanma
Demographics
Population4,273 (2009)
Ethnic groupsNi-Vanuatu

Malo (formerly known as St. Bartholomew) is an island in Vanuatu 3 km (1.9 mi) off the southern coast of Vanuatu's largest island, Espiritu Santo, in Sanma Province.[1][2] It has a circumference of 55 km (34 mi) and an area of 180 km2 (69 sq mi). It is 17 kilometres or 11 miles long, and 13 kilometres or 8.1 miles across at its widest point. The highest point on the island is Mount Malo (326 metres or 1,070 feet).

The climate is perhumid tropical. The average annual rainfall is roughly 3,000 millimetres or 120 inches. The island is frequently subjected to cyclones and earthquakes.

Geography

[edit]

Like most of the islands of Vanuatu, Malo is of volcanic origin. The highest point on the island is Malo Peak, which rises to 326 m (1,070 ft) above sea level.[3]

The main products of the island are copra and cocoa. Both crops are grown on plantations.[2]

Natural history

[edit]

A 5,650 hectares or 13,960 acres tract, encompassing the western end of the island, has been recognised as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International, because it supports populations of Vanuatu megapodes, Vanuatu kingfishers, palm lorikeets, fan-tailed gerygones, and Vanuatu white-eyes.[4]

The pseudohermaphroditic Narave pig is found on the island. The people of Malo Island consider the pig to be sacred.[5][6][7]

Demographics

[edit]

In 1979, the island had a population of 2,312. The 1999 census found a population of 3,532. By the 2009 census, the total population had grown to 4,273, an increase of 21% since 1999.[8] Avunatari (Abnetare), the main center on the northwest coast, had 600 people in 1999.[citation needed]

There are two main cultural groups on the island of Malo, the cultural group of Auta that inhabits the western part of the island and the cultural group of Tinjivo that inhabits the eastern portion of the island. Both these groups speak a variant of the Tamambo language. Malo is also the name of the Austronesian language spoken on the island.[citation needed]

The earliest archaeological evidence of human habitation in Vanuatu is from a site on Malo that was settled circa 1400 BC. Artifacts from this early settlement are characteristic of the Lapita culture.[2][9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Surrounding Islands". Espiritu Santo Tourism. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  2. ^ a b c John Seach. "Malo Island, Vanuatu". Vanuatu Travel. Retrieved 2012-02-18.
  3. ^ Siméoni, Patricia (2009). Atlas du Vanouatou. Port-Vila: Éditions Géo-consultre. p. 31. ISBN 978-2-9533362-0-7.
  4. ^ "West Malo". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  5. ^ "Intersex Pigs". Southwest Pacific Research Project. Retrieved 2023-03-07.
  6. ^ "Pigs in Paradise". Penn State University. Retrieved 2023-03-07.
  7. ^ Lum, J. Koji; McIntyre, James K.; Greger, Douglas L.; Huffman, Kirk W.; Vilar, Miguel G. (November 14, 2006). "Recent Southeast Asian domestication and Lapita dispersal of sacred male pseudohermaphroditic "tuskers" and hairless pigs of Vanuatu". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (46): 17190–17195. doi:10.1073/pnas.0608220103. PMC 1859908. PMID 17088556.
  8. ^ 2009 National Census of Population and Housing Summary Release, Port Vila, Vanuatu: Vanuatu National Statistics Office, 31 August 2009, retrieved 23 February 2012
  9. ^ Michelle Bennett; Jocelyn Harewood (September 2003). Vanuatu. Lonely Planet. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-74059-239-0. Retrieved 2012-08-11. The earliest evidence of human occupation in Vanuatu comes from a site on the island of Malo, first settled in about 1400 BC by people of the Lapita culture.
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