Micromeryx: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Extinct genus of deer}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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| name = ''Micromeryx'' |
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| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Miocene}} |
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| status = Fossil |
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| image = Zwerghirsch-Micromeryx-Skelett.jpg |
| image = Zwerghirsch-Micromeryx-Skelett.jpg |
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| image_caption = Male ''Micromeryx'' skeleton, Museum am Löwentor, Stuttgart, [[Germany]] |
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| image_width = 200px |
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| taxon = Micromeryx |
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| authority = Lartet, 1851 |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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| classis = [[Mammal]]ia |
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| ordo = [[Artiodactyla]] |
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| familia = [[Moschidae]] |
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| genus= '''''Micromeryx''''' |
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| subdivision_ranks = Species |
| subdivision_ranks = Species |
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| subdivision = ''M. flourensianus'' <small>Lartet 1851</small><br/>''M. azanzae'' <small>Sánchez and Morales 2008</small><br/>''M.''? ''eiselei'' <small>Aiglstorfer at al. 2017<ref>Manuela Aiglstorfer, Loïc Costeur, Bastien Mennecart, Elmar P. J. Heizmann: [http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0185679 ''Micromeryx''? ''eiselei'' — A new moschid species from Steinheim am Albuch, Germany, and the first comprehensive description of moschid cranial material from the Miocene of Central Europe], in: PLOS One vom 16. Oktober 2017, [[DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185679]]</ref><ref>Aiglstorfer at al.: [http://morphomuseum.com/Articles/sendFile/53/published_article 3D models related to the publication: Micromeryx? eiselei - a new moschid species from Steinheim am Albuch, Germany, and the first comprehensive description of moschid cranial material from the Miocene of Central Europe, PDF]</ref></small> |
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| subdivision = ''M. fleurensis''<br>''M. azanzae'' |
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'''''Micromeryx''''' is an extinct genus of [[Moschidae|musk deer]] that lived during the [[Miocene Epoch|Miocene epoch]] (about 16-8 million years ago).<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Mennecart|first1=Bastien|last2=Aiglstorfer|first2=Manuela|last3=Göhlich|first3=Ursula|last4=Daxner-Höck|first4=Gudrun|date=2019|title=On the oldest Mongolian moschids (Mammalia, Ruminantia) and the early moschid evolution|url=https://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2019/2670-oldest-mongolian-moschidae|journal=Palaeontologia Electronica|volume=22|issue=2|pages=1–17|doi=10.26879/959|doi-access=free}}</ref> Fossil remains were found in Europe and Asia.<ref name="CraniumFirst">{{Cite journal | last1 = Sánchez | first1 = I. M. | last2 = Morales | first2 = J. | title = ''Micromeryx azanzae'' sp. nov. (Ruminantia: Moschidae) from the middle-upper Miocene of Spain, and the first description of the cranium of ''Micromeryx''| journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 873–885 | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[873:MASNRM]2.0.CO;2 }}</ref> The earliest record ([[MN 4 (biostratigraphy)|MN4]]) of the genus comes from the Sibnica 4 paleontological site near [[Rekovac]] in [[Serbia]].<ref>Alaburić, Sanja; Radović, Predrag (2016). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311921086_An_early_record_of_the_moschid_genus_Micromeryx_Mammalia_Ruminantia “An early record of the moschid genus ''Micromeryx'' (Mammalia, Ruminantia)”]. In: Marković, Z., Milivojević, M. (Eds.), ''Life on the shore – geological and paleontological research in the Neogene of Sibnica and vicinity (Levač basin, Central Serbia). Part 1''. Special Issue of the Natural History Museum in Belgrade: 141–148.</ref><ref name=":0" /> |
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'''''Micromeryx''''' is an extinct genus of musk deer that lived in the Miocene.<ref>{{Cite doi|10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[873:MASNRM]2.0.CO;2}}</ref> |
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==Characteristics== |
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This animal was very similar to the modern [[Moschus moschiferus|musk deer]] (''Moschus moschiferus'') of East Asia. However, ''Micromeryx'' (its name means "tiny [[ruminant]]") was much smaller: it perhaps reached 5 [[kilograms]]. Teeth were very similar to those of the extant ''[[Cephalophus]]'' but more primitive. Like in the present moschids, the males of these animals were equipped with long upper canines, protruding from the mouth when it was closed. The body was slender and short, while the legs were extremely elongated.<ref name="CraniumFirst" /> |
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==Systematics== |
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''Micromeryx'' was a primitive representative of the moschids, a group of primitive ruminants related to [[deer]] and [[cattle]]. They had a remarkable expansion during the Miocene and Pliocene and are currently represented by a few species, such as the aforementioned ''Moschus moschiferus''. ''Micromeryx'' probably originated in Western Asia and then spread to Europe and East Asia. Many fossils of this animal have been found in a vast geographical area ranging from [[Anatolia]] ([[Turkey]]) to [[Somosaguas fossil site|Spain]] and [[China]]. A somewhat similar animal was ''[[Hispanomeryx]]'', which lived in about the same area but went extinct during the middle Miocene.<ref name="CraniumFirst" /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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* Sánchez, I. M., and J. Morales. 2006. [http://estudiosgeol.revistas.csic.es/index.php/estudiosgeol/article/view/53 Distributión biocronológica de los Moschidae (Mammalia; Ruminantia) en España]. Estudios Geológicos 62:533–546. |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q3856983}} |
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[[Category:Prehistoric musk deer]] |
[[Category:Prehistoric musk deer]] |
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[[Category:Prehistoric Artiodactyla genera]] |
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[[Category:Fossils of Serbia]] |
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Latest revision as of 17:46, 31 March 2024
| Micromeryx Temporal range:
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| Male Micromeryx skeleton, Museum am Löwentor, Stuttgart, Germany | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Moschidae |
| Genus: | †Micromeryx Lartet, 1851 |
| Species | |
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M. flourensianus Lartet 1851 | |
Micromeryx is an extinct genus of musk deer that lived during the Miocene epoch (about 16-8 million years ago).[3] Fossil remains were found in Europe and Asia.[4] The earliest record (MN4) of the genus comes from the Sibnica 4 paleontological site near Rekovac in Serbia.[5][3]
Characteristics
[edit]This animal was very similar to the modern musk deer (Moschus moschiferus) of East Asia. However, Micromeryx (its name means "tiny ruminant") was much smaller: it perhaps reached 5 kilograms. Teeth were very similar to those of the extant Cephalophus but more primitive. Like in the present moschids, the males of these animals were equipped with long upper canines, protruding from the mouth when it was closed. The body was slender and short, while the legs were extremely elongated.[4]
Systematics
[edit]
Micromeryx was a primitive representative of the moschids, a group of primitive ruminants related to deer and cattle. They had a remarkable expansion during the Miocene and Pliocene and are currently represented by a few species, such as the aforementioned Moschus moschiferus. Micromeryx probably originated in Western Asia and then spread to Europe and East Asia. Many fossils of this animal have been found in a vast geographical area ranging from Anatolia (Turkey) to Spain and China. A somewhat similar animal was Hispanomeryx, which lived in about the same area but went extinct during the middle Miocene.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ Manuela Aiglstorfer, Loïc Costeur, Bastien Mennecart, Elmar P. J. Heizmann: Micromeryx? eiselei — A new moschid species from Steinheim am Albuch, Germany, and the first comprehensive description of moschid cranial material from the Miocene of Central Europe, in: PLOS One vom 16. Oktober 2017, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185679
- ^ Aiglstorfer at al.: 3D models related to the publication: Micromeryx? eiselei - a new moschid species from Steinheim am Albuch, Germany, and the first comprehensive description of moschid cranial material from the Miocene of Central Europe, PDF
- ^ a b Mennecart, Bastien; Aiglstorfer, Manuela; Göhlich, Ursula; Daxner-Höck, Gudrun (2019). "On the oldest Mongolian moschids (Mammalia, Ruminantia) and the early moschid evolution". Palaeontologia Electronica. 22 (2): 1–17. doi:10.26879/959.
- ^ a b c Sánchez, I. M.; Morales, J. (2008). "Micromeryx azanzae sp. nov. (Ruminantia: Moschidae) from the middle-upper Miocene of Spain, and the first description of the cranium of Micromeryx". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (3): 873–885. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[873:MASNRM]2.0.CO;2.
- ^ Alaburić, Sanja; Radović, Predrag (2016). “An early record of the moschid genus Micromeryx (Mammalia, Ruminantia)”. In: Marković, Z., Milivojević, M. (Eds.), Life on the shore – geological and paleontological research in the Neogene of Sibnica and vicinity (Levač basin, Central Serbia). Part 1. Special Issue of the Natural History Museum in Belgrade: 141–148.
Further reading
[edit]- Sánchez, I. M., and J. Morales. 2006. Distributión biocronológica de los Moschidae (Mammalia; Ruminantia) en España. Estudios Geológicos 62:533–546.