Editing Music of Bosnia and Herzegovina

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[[File:Evstafiev-bosnia-cello.jpg|thumb|300px|Bosnian music continues despite the nation's sometimes-troubled history.]]
Like the surrounding [[Balkan]] countries, [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] has had a turbulent past marked by frequent foreign invasions and occupation.  As a result, '''Bosnian music''' is now a mixture of [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]], [[Turkish people|Turkish]], [[Central Europe|Central European]], [[Mediterranean]], and other influences.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdgmpSlRqhw | title=Halid Bešlić - Romanija/ Live Studio N | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref>

==History==
During its period as a part of [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], Bosnia and Herzegovina was covered in state-supported amateur musical ensembles called Cultural-Artistic Societies (''Kulturno-Umjetnička Društva'', KUDs) which played Bosnian root music and released a few recordings on local labels.

==Traditional music==

===Original Bosnian music===
{{main|Bosnian root music}}
Rural folk traditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina include the shouted, [[polyphony|polyphonic]] [[ganga (music)|ganga]] and "ravne pjesme" (''flat song'') styles, as well as instruments like a droneless [[bagpipe]], wooden [[flute]] and [[šargija]]. The [[gusle]], an instrument found throughout the [[Balkans]], is also used to accompany ancient [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]] [[epic poetry|epic]] [[poems]]. There are also Bosnian folk songs in the [[Judeo-Spanish|Ladino]] language, derived from the area's Jewish population.

''Bosnian roots music'' came from [[Central Bosnia Canton|Middle Bosnia]], [[Posavina]], the [[Drina]] valley and [[Kalesija]]. It is usually performed by singers with two violinists and a [[sargija|šargija]] player. These bands first appeared around [[World War I]] and became popular in the 1960s. This is the third oldest music following after the [[sevdalinka]] and ilahija. Self-taught people, mostly in two or three members of the different choices of old instruments, mostly in the violin, sacking, [[Bağlama|saz]], drums, flutes (zurle) or wooden flute, as others have already called, the original performers of Bosnian music that can not be written notes, transmitted by ear from generation to generation, family is usually hereditary. It is thought to be brought from Persia-Kalesi tribe that settled in the area of present Sprecanski valleys and hence probably the name Kalesija. In this part of Bosnia it is the most common. Again, it became the leader of First World War onwards, as well as 60 years in the field Sprecanski doline. This kind of music was enjoyed by all three peoples in Bosnia, Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs, and it contributed a lot to reconcile people socializing, entertainment and other organizations through festivala. In Kalesija it's maintained each year with the Bosnian Festival Original music.

Studio Kemix firm Dzemal Dzihanovic from [[Živinice]] together with his artists brought this kind of music to perfection at the end 20th century. With its entirely new form of modernity, it is most common in the [[Tuzla Canton]] and the cradle of this music city [[Živinice]] was named Bosnian town of original music. Songs are performed preferably in a [[diphthong]], the first and second voice which is a special secret performance of this music and some performers sing in troglasju as they do Kalesijski triple that was recorded in 1968, as the first written record of the tone on the album, along with Higurashi no naku.

===Sevdalinka===
{{main|Sevdalinka}}
Probably the most distinctive and identifiably "Bosnian" of music,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai7YttmJle8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/ai7YttmJle8 |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Divanhana - Grana od bora - Live in Sarajevo 2013 (Official video)|last=Divanhana Official|date=12 November 2013|access-date=6 April 2018|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7mJvwdMqdIg |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/7mJvwdMqdIg |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=MOSTAR SEVDAH REUNINION - VRANJANKA|last=Sarajevo Sevdah Fest|date=17 September 2013|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9qsoYKOUzM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/d9qsoYKOUzM |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=MOSTAR SEVDAH REUNION - SJECAS LI HANUMA|last=Sarajevo Sevdah Fest|date=17 September 2013|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlnU4s6oOEY |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/vlnU4s6oOEY |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=MOSTAR SEVDAH REUNINION - GRANA DO BORA|last=Sarajevo Sevdah Fest|date=17 September 2013|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtV-e59FN3o|title=Safet Isovic - Oci moje kletvom bih vas kleo - (Audio 1986)|last=Safet Isović|date=1 September 2013|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}{{Dead Youtube links|date=February 2022}}</ref> ''Sevdalinka'' is a kind of emotional, melancholic folk song that often describes sad subjects such as love and loss, the death of a dear person or heartbreak. Sevdalinkas were traditionally performed with a [[Bağlama|saz]], a Turkish [[string instrument]], which was later replaced by the accordion.  However the more modern arrangement, to the derision of some purists, is typically a vocalist accompanied by the [[accordion]] along with [[snare drum]]s, [[upright bass]], [[guitar]]s, [[clarinet]]s and [[violin]]s. Sevdalinkas are unique to Bosnia and Herzegovina. They arose in Ottoman Bosnia as urban Bosnian music with often oriental and sometimes Sefardi influences. Examples are "Kad ja pođoh na Benbašu", the unofficial anthem of the city of [[Sarajevo]], and "Kraj Tanana Sadrvana". Though not as common as it once was, traditional Sevdalinka singers like Kadir Kurtagić, [[Emina Zečaj|Emina Ahmedhodžić]], Hašim Muharemović and Muhamed Mešanović-Hamić are still popular to the extent that their recordings are available.

More modern performers [[Beba Selimović]], [[Zehra Deović]], [[Silvana Armenulić]], [[Safet Isović]], [[Himzo Polovina]], [[Zaim Imamović (musician)|Zaim Imamović]] and [[Hanka Paldum]] have used non-native instruments, including the [[accordion]], [[clarinet]], [[violin]] and [[guitar]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdgmpSlRqhw | title=Halid Bešlić - Romanija/ Live Studio N | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref>

===Ilahije i Kaside (''Religious Songs'')===

Ilahije ([[Anasheed]]) are religious songs that came after or before sevdalinkas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4zJMQDHU2o |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/h4zJMQDHU2o |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Hor Kewser - Ti me rani [ Official 2010 ][English & French subtitle]|last=AjnurSoA|date=14 November 2010|access-date=6 April 2018|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> These songs usually deal with religion, but some of them tell tales of how two lovers (male and female) come together.

===Modern folk===
"Modern" folk was referred to as "novokomponovana narodna muzika" ("newly composed folk music") for a while, although the term went out of use in favor of simply "narodna" or "folk". It is based on various influences, sevdah stories with music of [[Serbia]] and/or [[Turkey]] often with incorporated elements of [[pop music]]. During the time of [[Yugoslavia]], the genre developed jointly in Bosnia and Serbia, and performers from both sides of today's borders still enjoy certain popularity on the other side.

*[[Halid Bešlić]]
*[[Šerif Konjević]]
*[[Nino Rešić|Amir Rešić Nino]]
*[[Enes Begović]]
*[[Halid Muslimović]]
*[[Haris Džinović]]
*[[Kemal Malovčić]]
*[[Šemsa Suljaković]]

==Classical music==
{{main|Bosnian classical music}}
Bosnian composers of [[European classical music]] include [[Nihad Hrustanbegovic]], [[Dino Zonić]], Mirsad (Giga) Jelešković, [[Ališer Sijarić]], Igor Karača, [[Dino Rešidbegović]], [[Hanan Hadžajlić]], [[Anđelka Bego-Šimunić]], etc.

===Film music===
{{main|Bosnian film music}}
Bosnian composers of [[film score]]s include [[Sasa Losic|Saša Lošić]] and [[Nihad Hrustanbegovic]]

==Popular music==

===Pop and rock===
{{main|Sarajevo school of pop rock}}
[[Rock music]] has been very popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the mid-20th century. Popular and influential rock bands and artists have included [[Indexi]], [[Bijelo dugme]], [[Divlje jagode]], [[Plavi orkestar]], [[Crvena jabuka]], [[Zabranjeno pušenje]], [[Hari Mata Hari]] ,(Rezonansa), (Cod) and others from the [[Sarajevo school of pop rock]]
<!-- Please respect alphabetical order -->
{{div col|rules=yes|colwidth=22em}} 
*[[Vukašin Brajić]]
*[[Alen Islamović]]
*[[Elvir Laković Laka|Laka]]
*[[Letu štuke]]
*[[Dino Merlin]]
*[[Teška Industrija]]
*[[Regina (Bosnia and Herzegovina band)|Regina]]
*Skroz
*Samir Mujagić-SMS
*Mugdim Avdić-Henda
*Knockout
*Rizzo Ruža
*Sopot (dub)
*[[:bs:Igor Žerajić|Igor Žerajić]]
*[[Zoster (band)|Zoster]] (Jazz / Reggae / Rock)
{{div col end}}
*Rezonansa
*Brano Likic
*Baglama Band

===Metal and hardcore===
{{main|Bosnian Metal/Hardcore}}
[[Heavy metal music]] is fairly underground within the musical scene in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In the mid '80s, two metal bands were formed in capital Sarajevo: [[Bombarder]] and Parasite from which [[D.throne]] emerged as next generation in 1991. One of the pioneer thrash metal bands [[Monolit]] was founded in Mostar also during the '80s. Modern extreme metal scene originate from city of [[Tuzla]].

Some notable acts include:<!-- Please respect alphabetical order -->
{{div col|rules=yes|colwidth=22em}} 
* Acronian
* Aesthetic Empathy
* After Oblivion
* Aggressor
* Agonize
* Aiqëhahirit
* Anemija
* Arjen
* Bestias
* Bombarder
* Cadaver
* Cave Ritual
* Contusio
* Corbansick
* Cacafuego
* D.Throne
* Deathcircle
* Divlje Jagode
* Doberman
* Festival of Mutilation
* Flatline
* Forensic Clinic
* Gnu
* Hetrem
* Hobson Choice
* Kaos
* Kontra
* Korov
* Krov
* Krv
* Kursk
* Maichinery
* Mavet
* Mephistos
* [[Monolit]]
* Mortipher
* Motherpig
* My Last Suicide
* Nigrum Ignis Circuli
* Niteris
* Odar
* Ofsajd
* Parasite
* Parricide
* Sadismo
* Silent Kingdom
* Tanker
* Terra Slaves
* Tmärrdhë
* Toxicdeath
* Vetëvrakh
{{div col end}}

===Electronic music===
{{main|Bosnian electronic/dance music}}
Bosnian electronic/dance music has also been very popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the mid-20th century. Popular producers and artists include [[Adi Lukovac]] (Adi Lukovac & The Ornaments), [[Mental escape|Mirza (Mizi) Čaušević]] (mentalEscape), Dr [[Mladen Milicevic]], Dr. Igor Karača, Dr. [[Dino Residbegovic|Dino Rešidbegović]], Dr. [[Hanan Hadžajlić]], Axa, Basheskia, Meldeen (trance metal), Vuneny, Velahavle, [[Billain]], [[Fa11out]] and [[dZihan & Kamien]]. Such producers and artists are responsible for various styles of [[electronic music]] such as [[drum and bass]]/[[neurofunk]], [[trance music]], [[breakbeat]] and [[industrial music|industrial]].

New generation of electronic music producers in Bosnia includes names such as Arnej, Siniša Tamamović, Mladen Tomić, Mr Inessential, DJ Mika, Narcis Jr. aka Monophonic/Mashala, Cycle Six, Chipi, [[Nadix]], [[LudDogg]], Demia E.Clash and many more.

{{div col|rules=yes|colwidth=22em}} <!-- Please respect alphabetical order -->
* [[Adi Lukovac & The Ornaments]]
* AXA
* Basheskia
* [[Billain]]
* [[dZihan & Kamien]]
* [[Fa11out]]
* Meldeen
* S.SC
* Velahavle
* [[Vuneny]]
{{div col end}}

===Hip hop===
{{main|Bosnian hip hop}}
[[Hip hop music]] is new to Bosnia and Herzegovina, but became very popular throughout the urban public with the famous rapper [[Edo Maajka]], who is the most popular rapper in Bosnia-Herzegovina and most famous throughout the rest of the former Yugoslavia.
<!-- Please respect alphabetical order -->
* [[Bosnian Music Awards]]
* [[Buba Corelli]]
* Capital City Crew
* [[Disciplinska Komisija]]
* [[Edo Maajka]]
* [[Franco Balkan]]
* [[Frenkie]]
* Grasschanica records
* HZA
* [[Jala Brat]]
* Kontra
* Los Sin
* Mayer
* Neymar
* Priki aka Preview
* Sajfer
* Santos
* Smayla
* Makk

===World music===
Lately, Bosnian world music scene (mostly Balkan influenced music) is growing bigger. Some of the bands are:
* [[Mostar Sevdah Reunion]]
* [[Damir Imamović]]
* [[Divanhana]]
* [[Dubioza kolektiv]]
* [[Haris Abdagic|Haris Abdagich & BalkanEros]]
* [[Nihad Hrustanbegovic]]

==See also==
* [[List of radio stations in Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
* [[Sarajevo Music Academy]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Burton, Kim. "Sad Songs of Sarajevo". 2000.  In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.).  "World Music Volume 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East", pp 31–35.  Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books.  {{ISBN|1-85828-636-0}}.

==External links==
{{commonscatinline}}

{{Bosnia and Herzegovina topics2|state=collapsed}}
{{Music of Southeastern Europe}}
{{Music of Europe}}
{{Balkan music}}

[[Category:Music of Bosnia and Herzegovina| ]]