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'''Tevfik Kolaylı''' (March 24, 1879 – January 28, 1953), better known by his pen name '''Neyzen Tevfik''' (often misrendered as "Neyzen Teyfik"), was a [[Turkish people|Turkish]] poet, satirist, and ''neyzen'' (a "[[ney]] performer" in Turkish). Tevfik was born in [[Bodrum]] and died in [[Istanbul]]. In addition to his satire, he composed taksims and saz semais. He used satire against tyranny during the Ottoman period and against those who opposed revolutions during the Republic years. He wrote poems criticising injustice, corruption, and corruption. He was frequently arrested.

[[File:Neyzen Tevfik heykeli.jpg|thumb|A [[bronze sculpture|bronze]] Neyzen Tevfik sits on a bench in the [[Şairler Sofası]] park in [[Vişnezade]]]]
⚫
'''Tevfik Kolaylı''' (March 24, 1879 – January 28, 1953), better known by his pen name '''Neyzen Tevfik''', was a [[Turkish people|Turkish]] poet, satirist, and ''neyzen'' (a "[[ney]] performer" in Turkish). He was born in [[Bodrum]] and died in [[Istanbul]]. His name is occasionally misspelled as Neyzen Teyfik.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Tevfik learned [[Persian language|Persian]] as a young man, and became a [[Mevlevi]] in [[İzmir]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neyzen Teyfik ( 1879 – 1953 ) {{!}} ANATOLIA INTERCULTURAL ORGANIZATION|url=https://anatoliaintercultural.org/about-turkey/culture/philosophers/neyzen-teyfik-1879-1953/|access-date=2021-12-11|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=NEYZEN TEVFİK - TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/neyzen-tevfik|access-date=2021-12-11|website=TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi|language=tr}}</ref> He then moved to Istanbul and continued his Mevlevi practice in [[Galata]] and [[Kasımpaşa (district)|Kasımpaşa]]. In 1902 he became a [[Bektashi]] [[dervish]].
Tevfik learned [[Persian language|Persian]] as a young man, and became a [[Mevlevi]] in [[İzmir]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neyzen Teyfik ( 1879 – 1953 ) |website= Anatolia Intercultural Organization |url=https://anatoliaintercultural.org/about-turkey/culture/philosophers/neyzen-teyfik-1879-1953/|access-date=10 March 2024 |date= 15 January 2015|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=tdv>{{Cite web|title=NEYZEN TEVFİK |url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/neyzen-tevfik|access-date=10 March 2024|website=TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi|language=tr |first=Hasan |last=Aksoy}}</ref> He then moved to Istanbul and continued his Mevlevi practice in [[Galata]] and [[Kasımpaşa, Beyoğlu|Kasımpaşa]]. In 1902 he became a [[Bektashi]] [[dervish]].


His interest in poetry influenced him into meeting with [[Mehmet Akif Ersoy]]. As was the case with many other intellectuals of his period, Tevfik's satirical poetry critical of the conservative sultan [[Abdul Hamid II]] resulted in his exile to [[Egypt]] in 1903,<ref name="Rogan2002">{{cite book|author=Eugene Rogan|title=Outside In: Marginality in the Modern Middle East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I-mX31dOIs8C&pg=PA7|date=4 October 2002|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-86064-698-0|page=22}}</ref> which he later visited again between 1908 and 1913.
His interest in poetry influenced him into meeting with [[Mehmet Akif Ersoy]]. As was the case with many other intellectuals of his period, Tevfik's satirical poetry critical of the conservative sultan [[Abdul Hamid II]] resulted in his exile to [[Egypt]] in 1903,<ref name="Rogan2002">{{cite book|first=Eugene |last=Rogan|title=Outside In: Marginality in the Modern Middle East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I-mX31dOIs8C&pg=PA7|date=4 October 2002|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-86064-698-0|page=22}}</ref> which he later visited again between 1908 and 1913.


Neyzen Tevfik's fame in popular [[Turkish culture]] is mainly due to his virtuosity with the ney. Moreover, he was also a heavy drinker while practicing a form of [[Islam]] as it was common among Bektashis. He therefore is also a symbol of a clash between the orthodox Islamic doctrine, and the [[Bektashi]] order that he was in, as illustrated in the following translation of his writing:
Neyzen Tevfik's fame in popular [[Turkish culture]] is mainly due to his virtuosity with the ney. Moreover, he was also a heavy drinker while practicing a form of [[Islam]] as it was common among Bektashis. He therefore is also a symbol of a clash between the orthodox Islamic doctrine, and the [[Bektashi]] order that he was in, as illustrated in the following translation of his writing:
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''"Varsa aslı bunların alemde siksinler beni."''
''"Varsa aslı bunların alemde siksinler beni."''

(If any of these are true, well, fuck me.)
(If any of these are true, well, fuck me.)


Therefore he can be considered a radical, if not directly atheist or non-theistic.<ref>http://www.mbdincaslan.com/index.php/koseyazilari/item/41-neyzentevfik</ref>
Therefore, he can be considered a radical, if not directly atheist or non-theistic.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mbdincaslan.com/index.php/koseyazilari/item/41-neyzentevfik |title=İstanbul'da Bir Bohemyalı Neyzen Tevfik |website=mbdincaslan.com |access-date=10 March 2024 |first=M. Bahadırhan |last=Dinçaslan |language=tr}}</ref>


Yet, in a scholarly article that takes into account his overall life, including final utterings, shows that he was a genuine believer even though he criticized superficial religiosity: "Hayatında kendisine maddî imkânlar sağlayacak kişilere iltifat etmemiş, bildiği ve inandığı gibi yaşamıştır. “Felsefemde yok ötem, ben çünki sırr-ı vâhidim / Cem‘-i kesrette yekûnen sıfr-ı mutlak olmuşum / Yokluğumla âşikârım, Ehl-i beyt’e âidim / Secdemin şeklindeki ism-i Muhammed şâhidim” mısraları ve ölümüne çok yakın bir zamanda kendisini ziyarete gelen Cemalettin Server’e söylediği, “Şahit ol Server, ben şuurlu bir müminim” sözü onun dinî inancı hakkında bir kanaat verir."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/neyzen-tevfik|title = NEYZEN TEVFİK - TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi}}</ref>
Yet, in a scholarly article<ref name=tdv /> that takes into account his overall life, including final utterings, shows that he was a genuine believer even though he criticized superficial religiosity: {{Blockquote
|text="Hayatında kendisine maddî imkânlar sağlayacak kişilere iltifat etmemiş, bildiği ve inandığı gibi yaşamıştır. “Felsefemde yok ötem, ben çünki sırr-ı vâhidim / Cem‘-i kesrette yekûnen sıfr-ı mutlak olmuşum / Yokluğumla âşikârım, Ehl-i beyt’e âidim / Secdemin şeklindeki ism-i Muhammed şâhidim” mısraları ve ölümüne çok yakın bir zamanda kendisini ziyarete gelen Cemalettin Server’e söylediği, “Şahit ol Server, ben şuurlu bir müminim” sözü onun dinî inancı hakkında bir kanaat verir.".
}}

Tevfik is featured in the sculptor [[Gürdal Duyar]]s monument ''[[Şairler Sofası]]'' together with 6 other poets. Elsewhere [[Şairler Sofası|in the same park]], another sculpture of him by [[Namık Denizhan]] sits on a bench.<ref name=":GD">{{Cite web |title=Ataol Behramoğlu Heykeli Açılış Töreni {{!}} BKS |url=http://besiktaskultursanat.com/etkinlikler/ataol-behramoglu-heykeli-acilis-toreni/ |access-date=2022-09-13 |website=BKS {{!}} Beşiktaş Kültür Sanat |language=tr-TR}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Bülent|last=Demir|newspaper=[[Hürriyet]] Istanbul|date=28 November 1998|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/38303085.pdf|access-date=13 September 2022|title=Akaret ler'de şairler parkı |trans-title=A Poets park in Akaretler}}</ref>

He belonged to the Bektashi Lodge and spent much of his life in inns in Istanbul. In his later years, he stayed in the 21st ward at Bakırköy Mental Hospital. He did not have a regular income, other than the monthly pension he received for a short time in the 1930s. Tevfik was epileptic. He drank lot of alcohol, especially Rakı.


== Poetry ==
== Poetry ==
* ''Hiç'', 1919
* ''Hiç'', 1919
* ''[[:tr:Azâb-ı Mukaddes|Dilara'ya Maktuplar]] '',1953
* ''[[:tr:Azâb-ı Mukaddes|Dilara'ya Maktuplar]] '',1953
* "Azab-ı Mukaddes", 1949


== Music ==
== Music ==
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[[Category:20th-century Turkish poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Turkish poets]]
[[Category:Turkish satirists]]
[[Category:Turkish satirists]]
[[Category:20th-century writers of the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:20th-century writers from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Mevlevi Order]]
[[Category:Mevlevi Order]]
[[Category:1953 deaths]]
[[Category:1953 deaths]]
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[[Category:Musicians of Ottoman classical music]]
[[Category:Musicians of Ottoman classical music]]
[[Category:Musicians of Turkish makam music]]
[[Category:Musicians of Turkish makam music]]


{{Turkey-musician-stub}}
{{flautist-stub}}

Latest revision as of 14:03, 22 September 2024

Neyzen Tevfik
Born
Tevfik Kolaylı

(1879-03-24)March 24, 1879
Muğla, Ottoman Empire
DiedJanuary 28, 1953(1953-01-28) (aged 73)
Istanbul, Turkey
NationalityTurkish
Occupation(s)Poet, satirist

Tevfik Kolaylı (March 24, 1879 – January 28, 1953), better known by his pen name Neyzen Tevfik (often misrendered as "Neyzen Teyfik"), was a Turkish poet, satirist, and neyzen (a "ney performer" in Turkish). Tevfik was born in Bodrum and died in Istanbul. In addition to his satire, he composed taksims and saz semais. He used satire against tyranny during the Ottoman period and against those who opposed revolutions during the Republic years. He wrote poems criticising injustice, corruption, and corruption. He was frequently arrested.

A bronze Neyzen Tevfik sits on a bench in the Şairler Sofası park in Vişnezade

Biography

[edit]

Tevfik learned Persian as a young man, and became a Mevlevi in İzmir.[1][2] He then moved to Istanbul and continued his Mevlevi practice in Galata and Kasımpaşa. In 1902 he became a Bektashi dervish.

His interest in poetry influenced him into meeting with Mehmet Akif Ersoy. As was the case with many other intellectuals of his period, Tevfik's satirical poetry critical of the conservative sultan Abdul Hamid II resulted in his exile to Egypt in 1903,[3] which he later visited again between 1908 and 1913.

Neyzen Tevfik's fame in popular Turkish culture is mainly due to his virtuosity with the ney. Moreover, he was also a heavy drinker while practicing a form of Islam as it was common among Bektashis. He therefore is also a symbol of a clash between the orthodox Islamic doctrine, and the Bektashi order that he was in, as illustrated in the following translation of his writing:

The disbeliever's book has neither beginning nor end. A few pages from its middle is all we ever grasp. For religion's sake and fear of blasphemy we endure woe. Reason cannot perceive where righteousness may go.[4]

His religious views were highly mixed and tend to change in accordance with his mood. Yet, in his last years, he wrote a poem "Türk'e Birinci Öğüt" (First counsel to the Turk) in which a verse, regarding religious institutions mentioned before the verse, says:

"Varsa aslı bunların alemde siksinler beni." (If any of these are true, well, fuck me.)

Therefore, he can be considered a radical, if not directly atheist or non-theistic.[5]

Yet, in a scholarly article[2] that takes into account his overall life, including final utterings, shows that he was a genuine believer even though he criticized superficial religiosity:

"Hayatında kendisine maddî imkânlar sağlayacak kişilere iltifat etmemiş, bildiği ve inandığı gibi yaşamıştır. “Felsefemde yok ötem, ben çünki sırr-ı vâhidim / Cem‘-i kesrette yekûnen sıfr-ı mutlak olmuşum / Yokluğumla âşikârım, Ehl-i beyt’e âidim / Secdemin şeklindeki ism-i Muhammed şâhidim” mısraları ve ölümüne çok yakın bir zamanda kendisini ziyarete gelen Cemalettin Server’e söylediği, “Şahit ol Server, ben şuurlu bir müminim” sözü onun dinî inancı hakkında bir kanaat verir.".

Tevfik is featured in the sculptor Gürdal Duyars monument Şairler Sofası together with 6 other poets. Elsewhere in the same park, another sculpture of him by Namık Denizhan sits on a bench.[6][7]

He belonged to the Bektashi Lodge and spent much of his life in inns in Istanbul. In his later years, he stayed in the 21st ward at Bakırköy Mental Hospital. He did not have a regular income, other than the monthly pension he received for a short time in the 1930s. Tevfik was epileptic. He drank lot of alcohol, especially Rakı.

Poetry

[edit]

Music

[edit]
  • Nihavent Saz Semaisi
  • Şehnazbuselik Saz Semaisi
  • Taksimler, taş plak.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Neyzen Teyfik ( 1879 – 1953 )". Anatolia Intercultural Organization. 15 January 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  2. ^ a b Aksoy, Hasan. "NEYZEN TEVFİK". TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  3. ^ Rogan, Eugene (4 October 2002). Outside In: Marginality in the Modern Middle East. I.B.Tauris. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-86064-698-0.
  4. ^ http://www.neyzentevfik.org [dead link‍]
  5. ^ Dinçaslan, M. Bahadırhan. "İstanbul'da Bir Bohemyalı Neyzen Tevfik". mbdincaslan.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  6. ^ "Ataol Behramoğlu Heykeli Açılış Töreni | BKS". BKS | Beşiktaş Kültür Sanat (in Turkish). Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  7. ^ Demir, Bülent (28 November 1998). "Akaret ler'de şairler parkı" [A Poets park in Akaretler] (PDF). Hürriyet Istanbul. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
[edit]
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