Province of Pisa: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Province of Italy}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> |
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| name = Province of Pisa |
| name = Province of Pisa |
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| native_name = |
| native_name = {{native name|it|Provincia di Pisa}} |
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| settlement_type = [[Provinces of Italy|Province]] |
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| native_name_lang = it<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "it" for Italian --> |
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| image_skyline = Vista panoramica latignano.jpg |
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| settlement_type = [[Provinces of Italy|Province]] |
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| image_alt = |
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| image_skyline = Vista panoramica latignano.jpg |
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| image_caption = Panoramic view of [[Latignano]] |
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| image_alt = |
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| image_flag = Flag of the province of Pisa.svg |
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| image_caption = Panoramic view of Latignano |
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| flag_alt = |
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| image_flag = |
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| image_shield = Provincia di Pisa-Stemma.svg |
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| flag_alt = |
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| shield_alt = |
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| image_shield = Provincia di Pisa-Stemma.svg |
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| image_map = Pisa in Italy.svg |
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| shield_alt = |
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| map_alt = |
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| image_map = Pisa in Italy.svg |
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| map_caption = Map highlighting the location of the province of Pisa in Italy |
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| map_alt = |
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| coordinates = |
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| map_caption = Map highlighting the location of the province of Pisa in Italy |
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| coordinates_footnotes = |
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| coordinates = |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
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| coordinates_footnotes = |
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|Italy}} |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
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| subdivision_type1 = Region |
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|Italy}} |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Tuscany]] |
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| subdivision_type1 = Region |
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| established_title = |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Tuscany]] |
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| established_date = |
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| established_title = |
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| seat_type = Capital(s) |
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| established_date = |
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| seat = [[Pisa]] |
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| seat_type = Capital(s) |
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| parts_type = ''[[Comune|Comuni]]'' |
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| seat = [[Pisa]] |
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| parts_style = para |
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| parts_type = [[Comune|Comuni]] |
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| p1 = 37 |
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| parts_style = para |
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| government_footnotes = |
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| p1 = 37 |
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| leader_party = [[Democratic Party (Italy)|PD]] |
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| government_footnotes = |
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| leader_title = President |
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| leader_party = [[Democratic Party (Italy)|PD]] |
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| leader_name = Massimiliano Angori |
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| leader_title = President |
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| unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> |
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| leader_name = Massimiliano Angori |
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| area_footnotes = |
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| unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> |
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| area_total_km2 = 2448 |
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| area_footnotes = |
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| elevation_footnotes = |
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| area_total_km2 = 2448 |
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| elevation_m = |
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| elevation_footnotes = |
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| population_footnotes = |
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| elevation_m = |
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| population_total = 421642 |
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| population_footnotes = |
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| population_as_of = 31 July 2014 |
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| population_total = 421642 |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_as_of = 31 July 2014 |
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<!-- GDP ---------------> |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| demographics_type2 = GDP |
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| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] |
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| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name=":0">[http://stats.oecd.org/ Regions and Cities > Regional Statistics > Regional Economy > Regional Gross Domestic Product (Small regions TL3)], OECD.Stats. Accessed on 16 November 2018.</ref> |
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| utc_offset1 = +1 |
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| demographics2_title1 = Total |
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| timezone1_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] |
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| demographics2_info1 = €12.429 billion (2015) |
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| utc_offset1_DST = +2 |
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| demographics2_title2 = Per capita |
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| postal_code_type = Postal code |
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| demographics2_info2 = €29,497 (2015) |
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| postal_code = 56010, 56011, 56017, <br>56019-56022, 56025, 56027,<br> 56029-56038, 56040-56043, 56046, 56048 |
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| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] |
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| area_code_type = Telephone prefix |
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| utc_offset1 = +1 |
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| area_code = 050, 0565, 0571, 0586, 0587, 0588 |
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| timezone1_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] |
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| iso_code = |
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| utc_offset1_DST = +2 |
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| registration_plate = [[Italian car number plates|PI]] |
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| postal_code_type = Postal code |
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| blank_name_sec1 = [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]] |
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| postal_code = 56010, 56011, 56017, <br>56019-56022, 56025, 56027,<br> 56029-56038, 56040-56043, 56046, 56048 |
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| blank_info_sec1 = 050 |
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| area_code_type = Telephone prefix |
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| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> |
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| area_code = 050, 0565, 0571, 0586, 0587, 0588 |
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| footnotes = |
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| iso_code = |
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| registration_plate = [[Italian car number plates|PI]] |
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| blank_name_sec1 = [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]] |
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| blank_info_sec1 = 050 |
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| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> |
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| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''province of Pisa''' ({{ |
The '''province of Pisa''' ({{langx|it|provincia di Pisa}}) is a [[Provinces of Italy|province]] in the [[Tuscany]] region of [[Italy]]. Its capital is the city of [[Pisa]]. With an area of {{convert|2448|km2|mi2}} and a total population of 421,642 ({{as of|2014}}), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 ''[[comuni]]'' ({{singular}}: ''[[comune]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.urbistat.it/AdminStat/it/it/demografia/dati-sintesi/pisa/50/3|title=Provincia di Pisa|publisher=Stat AdminStat|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.upinet.it/indicatore.asp?id_statistiche=6|title=Statistiche|publisher=Upinet|access-date=26 September 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807094512/http://www.upinet.it/indicatore.asp?id_statistiche=6|archive-date=7 August 2007}}</ref> |
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With a history that dates to the [[Etruscans]] and [[Phoenicians]], the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its [[Leaning Tower of Pisa|Leaning Tower]], and other historic landmarks that attract tourists. |
With a history that dates to the [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscans]] and [[Phoenicia|Phoenicians]], the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its [[Leaning Tower of Pisa|Leaning Tower]], and other historic landmarks that attract tourists. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The area has a long maritime history dating back to the Etruscans, the Phoenicians and the [[Gauls]]. Under the [[Roman Empire]], it was responsible for naval battles against the [[Ligurians]], Gauls and [[Carthaginians]], becoming a Roman colony in 180 B.C. and gaining further colonial independence under [[Julius Caesar]]. Thanks to its complex river system, with the fall of the Roman Empire, Pisa did not suffer unduly and was able to combat [[Saracen]] pirates. In 828, it launched an expedition against the north African coast while in 871, Pisan troops helped to defend [[Salerno]] from the [[Moors]].<ref name=amapisa>{{cite web|url=http://www.amapisa.it/provincia_di_pisa.html|title=Fotografie storia dei comuni e frazioni Provincia di Pisa|publisher=amapisa.it|access-date=27 September 2014|language=it|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140927071512/http://www.amapisa.it/provincia_di_pisa.html|archive-date=27 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
The area has a long maritime history dating back to the Etruscans, the Phoenicians and the [[Gauls]]. Under the [[Roman Empire]], it was responsible for naval battles against the [[Ligurians]], Gauls and [[Carthaginians]], becoming a Roman colony in 180 B.C. and gaining further colonial independence under [[Julius Caesar]]. Thanks to its complex river system, with the fall of the Roman Empire, Pisa did not suffer unduly and was able to combat [[Saracen]] pirates. In 828, it launched an expedition against the north African coast while in 871, Pisan troops helped to defend [[Salerno]] from the [[Moors]].<ref name=amapisa>{{cite web|url=http://www.amapisa.it/provincia_di_pisa.html|title=Fotografie storia dei comuni e frazioni Provincia di Pisa|publisher=amapisa.it|access-date=27 September 2014|language=it|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140927071512/http://www.amapisa.it/provincia_di_pisa.html|archive-date=27 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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In the 11th century, [[Republic of Pisa|Pisa became a republic]], reaching its zenith in the 12th and 13th centuries when its navy controlled the western Mediterranean. As a Maritime Republic, its power extended well beyond the Italian peninsula. After first being an ally then a rival of the [[Republic of Genoa]], it suffered defeat at the [[battle of Meloria (1284)|Battle of Meloria]] in 1284. As a result, it began to decline and in 1406 was annexed to [[Republic of Florence|Florence]] becoming part of the [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany]] in the 16th century. In the 20th century, Pisa was hit hard by allied bombing and Nazi reprisals.<ref name=amapisa/> |
In the 11th century, [[Republic of Pisa|Pisa became a republic]], reaching its zenith in the 12th and 13th centuries when its navy controlled the western Mediterranean. As a Maritime Republic, its power extended well beyond the Italian peninsula. After first being an ally then a rival of the [[Republic of Genoa]], it suffered defeat at the [[battle of Meloria (1284)|Battle of Meloria]] in 1284. As a result, it began to decline and in 1406 was annexed to [[Republic of Florence|Florence]], becoming part of the [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany]] in the 16th century. In the 20th century, Pisa was hit hard by allied bombing and Nazi reprisals.<ref name=amapisa/> |
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The current province descends from the Grand Duchy, while its territories are part of the former Maritime Republic of Pisa. In 1925, the municipalities of [[Bibbona]], [[Campiglia Marittima]], [[Castagneto Carducci]], [[Cecina, Tuscany|Cecina]], [[Collesalvetti]], [[Piombino]], [[Rosignano Marittimo]], [[Sassetta]], and [[Suvereto]] were transferred to the [[Province of Livorno]], and at the same time the municipalities of [[Castelfranco di Sotto]], [[Montopoli in Val d'Arno]], [[San Miniato]], [[Santa Croce sull'Arno]], and [[Santa Maria a Monte]] were acquired by the |
The current province descends from the Grand Duchy, while its territories are part of the former Maritime Republic of Pisa. In 1925, the municipalities of [[Bibbona]], [[Campiglia Marittima]], [[Castagneto Carducci]], [[Cecina, Tuscany|Cecina]], [[Collesalvetti]], [[Piombino]], [[Rosignano Marittimo]], [[Sassetta]], and [[Suvereto]] were transferred to the [[Province of Livorno]], and at the same time the municipalities of [[Castelfranco di Sotto]], [[Montopoli in Val d'Arno]], [[San Miniato]], [[Santa Croce sull'Arno]], and [[Santa Maria a Monte]] were acquired by the province of Florence.<ref name="Guida"/> In 1938, the comune of [[Castellina Marittima]] bought a small slice of the territory of the municipality of Cecina, part of the province of Livorno, which was attributed to an administrative error.<ref name="Guida">{{cite web|url=http://www.guidatoscana.net/pisa/71.htm|title=Pisa|publisher=Guidatoscana.net|access-date=26 September 2014|language=it}}</ref> |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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[[File:Arno Mouth Italy aerial view.jpg|thumb|Mouth of the [[Arno River]] |
[[File:Arno Mouth Italy aerial view.jpg|thumb|Mouth of the [[Arno|Arno River]]]] |
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Pisa Province extends from the [[alluvial plain]] of the [[Arno River]], in western Tuscany, to the [[Ligurian Sea]] and has the shape of a gun upside down. It is bordered to the north by the [[ |
Pisa Province extends from the [[alluvial plain]] of the [[Arno|Arno River]], in western Tuscany, to the [[Ligurian Sea]] and has the shape of a gun upside down. It is bordered to the north by the [[province of Lucca]], to the east by the [[Metropolitan City of Florence]] and [[province of Siena]], to the south by [[province of Grosseto]], and to the west by the [[province of Livorno]] and the Ligurian Sea. The province contains 39 comuni (municipalities). The most populous cities in the province as of 2013 are [[Pisa]] (86,494), [[Cascina]] (44,040), [[San Giuliano Terme]] (31,039), [[Pontedera]] (28,793), [[San Miniato]] (27,580), [[Ponsacco]] (15,503).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://demo.istat.it/bilmens2013gen/index.html|title=Index|publisher=Demo.istat.it|access-date=26 September 2014}}</ref> |
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The northern area is mountainous, containing the [[Apennine Mountains|Apennine mountain range]] of [[Mount Pisano]], adjacent to the extreme offshoot of the Apuan Alps, that separates the province of Pisa from Lucca. The highest point of Monte Pisano range and of the province is at [[Monte Serra]] ({{convert|917|m|disp=or|abbr=on}}).<ref name="Valdes1994">{{cite book|last=Valdes|first=Giuliano|title=Art and History of Pisa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHGn0tDuNFkC&pg=PA124|year=1994|publisher=Casa Editrice Bonechi|language=it|isbn=978-88-8029-024-7|page=124}}</ref> The Pisan coast, extends for about {{convert|15|km|abbr=on}}, and includes the following locations: [[Calambrone]], [[Tirrenia]] and [[Marina di Pisa]] in the Municipality of Pisa, a stretch of coast about {{convert|1|km|abbr=on}}, protected as a park and administered by the City of [[San Giuliano Terme]]; [[Vecchiano Marina]], in the municipality of [[Vecchiano]], is also located in the park. The area of Pisa is flat, but, a few miles further south, in the southern part of the province, is classic Tuscan landscape consisting of hills, forests and ancient villages. Of particular note in the south is the [[Val di Cecina]], the valley of the Cecina River, and the ancient city of [[Volterra]] to the west.<ref name="Nelles2000">{{cite book|last=Nelles|first=Günter|title=Florence - Fiesole, Prato, Pistoia, San Gimignano, Volterra, Siena: An Up-to-date Travel Guide ; [with Fold-out Map]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=72qmpyp1sXYC&pg=PA80|date=1 January 2000|publisher=Hunter Publishing, Inc|isbn=978-3-88618-773-7|page=80}}</ref> The southern area of the province is hilly, containing the peak of [[Monte Aia dei Diavoli]] (867m). |
The northern area is mountainous, containing the [[Apennine Mountains|Apennine mountain range]] of [[Mount Pisano]], adjacent to the extreme offshoot of the Apuan Alps, that separates the province of Pisa from Lucca. The highest point of Monte Pisano range and of the province is at [[Monte Serra]] ({{convert|917|m|disp=or|abbr=on}}).<ref name="Valdes1994">{{cite book|last=Valdes|first=Giuliano|title=Art and History of Pisa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHGn0tDuNFkC&pg=PA124|year=1994|publisher=Casa Editrice Bonechi|language=it|isbn=978-88-8029-024-7|page=124}}</ref> The Pisan coast, extends for about {{convert|15|km|abbr=on}}, and includes the following locations: [[Calambrone]], [[Tirrenia]] and [[Marina di Pisa]] in the Municipality of Pisa, a stretch of coast about {{convert|1|km|abbr=on}}, protected as a park and administered by the City of [[San Giuliano Terme]]; [[Vecchiano Marina]], in the municipality of [[Vecchiano]], is also located in the park. The area of Pisa is flat, but, a few miles further south, in the southern part of the province, is classic Tuscan landscape consisting of hills, forests and ancient villages. Of particular note in the south is the [[Val di Cecina]], the valley of the Cecina River, and the ancient city of [[Volterra]] to the west.<ref name="Nelles2000">{{cite book|last=Nelles|first=Günter|title=Florence - Fiesole, Prato, Pistoia, San Gimignano, Volterra, Siena: An Up-to-date Travel Guide ; [with Fold-out Map]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=72qmpyp1sXYC&pg=PA80|date=1 January 2000|publisher=Hunter Publishing, Inc|isbn=978-3-88618-773-7|page=80}}</ref> The southern area of the province is hilly, containing the peak of [[Monte Aia dei Diavoli]] (867m). |
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Statistics recorded since 1861 show that the population of the province has increased gradually, from 240,000 is the 1860s to c. 390,000 in the 1990s. Since the new millennium, it has increased by some 30,000 to over 420,000 today.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tuttitalia.it/toscana/provincia-di-pisa/statistiche/censimenti-popolazione/|title=Censimenti popolazione provincia di Pisa 1861-2011|publisher=tuttitalia|access-date=27 September 2014 |language=it}}</ref> |
Statistics recorded since 1861 show that the population of the province has increased gradually, from 240,000 is the 1860s to c. 390,000 in the 1990s. Since the new millennium, it has increased by some 30,000 to over 420,000 today.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tuttitalia.it/toscana/provincia-di-pisa/statistiche/censimenti-popolazione/|title=Censimenti popolazione provincia di Pisa 1861-2011|publisher=tuttitalia|access-date=27 September 2014 |language=it}}</ref> |
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As of 1 January 2014, the ten most populated municipalities were Pisa (88,627), [[Cascina]] (44,901), [[San Giuliano Terme]] (31,315), [[Pontedera]] (28,915), [[San Miniato]] (28,072), [[Ponsacco]] (15,609), [[Santa Croce sull'Arno]] (14,528), [[Castelfranco di Sotto]] (13,431), [[Santa Maria a Monte]] (13,197) and [[Casciana Terme Lari]] (12,536) |
As of 1 January 2014, the ten most populated municipalities were Pisa (88,627), [[Cascina]] (44,901), [[San Giuliano Terme]] (31,315), [[Pontedera]] (28,915), [[San Miniato]] (28,072), [[Ponsacco]] (15,609), [[Santa Croce sull'Arno]] (14,528), [[Castelfranco di Sotto]] (13,431), [[Santa Maria a Monte]] (13,197) and [[Casciana Terme Lari]] (12,536).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tuttitalia.it/toscana/provincia-di-pisa/42-comuni/popolazione/|title=Comuni in prov. di PI per popolazione|publisher=tuttitalia|access-date=27 September 2014 |language=it}}</ref> |
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==Economy== |
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The province of Pisa has a wide variety of companies and organisations in the public and private sectors. One of the main areas of production is leather and footwear, where some 800 enterprises employing about 10,000 workers manufacture 35% of the Italy's total output in the sector. Since 2003, clothing has also been under development. There are also a number of enterprises in the chemical sector, while pharmaceuticals are also a strong sector. Catalysed by the CNR national research authority, facilities have been developed in Cascina, Pontedera, Santa Croce and Peccioli. There are also a number of software development firms and IT consultancies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pisa.guidatoscana.it/storia-cultura-economia/economia-provincia-pisana.asp#Comprensorio%20del%20cuoio|title=Economia della Provincia Pisana|publisher=pisa.guidatoscana.it|access-date=27 September 2014 |language=it}}</ref> While in recent years the economic crisis has reduced activities in most areas, agriculture had continued to grow, thanks to traditional crops, wine production and diversification in the fruit and vegetables sector.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.provincia.pisa.it/interno.php?id=51128&lang=it|title=Sull'agricoltura: l'andamento dell'economia pisana nel 2012|publisher=Provincia di Pisa|access-date=27 September 2014 |language=it}}</ref> Other sectors that have recently prospered include technology (+3.4%) and glass (+4.5%) while there have been drops in footwear (-3.1%), metals (-2%), electronics and transport equipment (-9.7%), construction (-7.8%) and manufacturing (-8.2%).<ref name=pisainf/> |
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Tourism is also an important contributor to the local economy but in 2013 it suffered from a reduction of 10.7% in the number of visitors to the province,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.confesercentitoscananord.it/it/news/dettaglio/article/rapporto-economia-2014-della-provincia-di-massa-carrara/#.VCbIehaGe20|title=Sei in: News » Rapporto Economia 2014 della Provincia di Massa Carrara|publisher=Confesercenti Toscana Nord|access-date=27 September 2014 |language=it}}</ref> with a reduction of 3.5% in nights spent in hotels.<ref name=pisainf>{{cite web|url=http://www.pisainformaflash.it/notizie/dettaglio.html?nId=18344|title=Economia in tempo di crisi a Pisa e Provincia: in crescita hi-tech, vetro e meccanica. Male edilizia, commercio e manifatturiero|publisher=PisaInforma.it|date=30 July 2014|access-date=27 September 2014 |language=it}}</ref> |
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==Government== |
==Government== |
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===''Comuni''=== |
===''Comuni''=== |
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[[File:583PisaPalazzoCavalieri.JPG|thumb|Carovana Palace, Pisa |
[[File:583PisaPalazzoCavalieri.JPG|thumb|Carovana Palace, Pisa]] |
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[[File:Volterra-Piazza del Priori.jpg|thumb|Piazza del Priori, Volterra |
[[File:Volterra-Piazza del Priori.jpg|thumb|Piazza del Priori, Volterra]] |
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[[File:San_Miniato_Cathedral.jpg|thumb|San Miniato Cathedral |
[[File:San_Miniato_Cathedral.jpg|thumb|San Miniato Cathedral]] |
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[[File:Vicopisano-palazzo pretorio4.jpg|thumb|Vicopisano |
[[File:Vicopisano-palazzo pretorio4.jpg|thumb|Vicopisano]] |
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The province is subdivided into 37 ''[[ |
The province is subdivided into 37 ''[[comuni]]'' ({{singular}}: ''[[comune]]''). This is the complete list of ''comuni'' in the province of Pisa: |
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==Main sights== |
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In addition to the many sights in the city of Pisa (the [[Leaning Tower of Pisa|Leaning Tower]], the [[Piazza dei Miracoli#Cathedral|cathedral]] and the [[Palazzo della Carovana|Carovana Palace]]), the province has many attractions in its other towns and villages. The historic city of [[Volterra]] is noted for its [[Volterra Cathedral|cathedral]], its Etruscan and Roman remains and its museums, churches and palaces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pisaunicaterra.it/en/villages-and-cities-of-art.html|title=Beyond the tower... following the line of history|publisher=Provincia di Pisa|access-date=27 September 2014 }}</ref> |
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Set on the top of three hills, the medieval city of [[San Miniato]] has a cathedral, a fortress tower, two palaces and numerous old churches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pisaunicaterra.it/en/villages-and-cities-of-art/san-miniato-en.html|title=San Miniato|publisher=Provincia di Pisa|access-date=27 September 2014 }}</ref> |
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The province has many villages of interest, including [[Vicopisano]] with its fortress and towers, [[Calci]] with its [[Pisa Charterhouse|Charterhouse]] (now a museum), and [[Buti, Tuscany|Buti]] with its castle and Medici villa. |
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Other points of interest include the [[Villa di Corliano]] in [[San Giuliano Terme]], the gated medieval village of [[Castelfranco di Sotto]], the towers of [[Montopoli in Val d'Arno]], the bell-tower of [[Peccioli]], and the Rocca Sillana fortress in [[Pomarance]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pisaunicaterra.it/en/villages-and-cities-of-art/villages.html|title=Villages|publisher=Provincia di Pisa|access-date=27 September 2014 }}</ref> |
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==Government== |
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===List of presidents of the province of Pisa=== |
===List of presidents of the province of Pisa=== |
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{|class="wikitable" |
{|class="wikitable" |
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| Line 153: | Line 154: | ||
|align=center|1975 |
|align=center|1975 |
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|align=center|1980 |
|align=center|1980 |
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|[[Italian Socialist Party]] |
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|- |
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! style="background:#F2003C;"| |
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|[[Roberto Misuri]] |
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|align=center|1980 |
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|align=center|1981 |
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|[[Italian Socialist Party]] |
|[[Italian Socialist Party]] |
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| Line 180: | Line 187: | ||
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! rowspan=2 style="background:#FF0000;"| |
! rowspan=2 style="background:#FF0000;"| |
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|rowspan=2|[[Andrea Pieroni]] |
|rowspan=2|[[Andrea Pieroni (politician)|Andrea Pieroni]] |
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|align=center|2004 |
|align=center|2004 |
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|align=center|2009 |
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==Main sights== |
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In addition to the many sights in the city of Pisa (the [[Leaning Tower of Pisa|Leaning Tower]], the [[Piazza dei Miracoli#Cathedral|cathedral]] and the [[Palazzo della Carovana|Carovana Palace]]), the province has many attractions in its other towns and villages. The historic city of [[Volterra]] is noted for its [[Volterra Cathedral|cathedral]], its Etruscan and Roman remains and its museums, churches and palaces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pisaunicaterra.it/en/villages-and-cities-of-art.html|title=Beyond the tower... following the line of history|publisher=Provincia di Pisa|access-date=27 September 2014 }}</ref> |
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Set on the top of three hills, the medieval city of [[San Miniato]] has a cathedral, a fortress tower, two palaces and numerous old churches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pisaunicaterra.it/en/villages-and-cities-of-art/san-miniato-en.html|title=San Miniato|publisher=Provincia di Pisa|access-date=27 September 2014 }}</ref> |
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The province has many villages of interest, including [[Vicopisano]] with its fortress and towers, [[Calci]] with its [[Pisa Charterhouse|Charterhouse]] (now a museum), and [[Buti, Tuscany|Buti]] with its castle and Medici villa. |
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Other points of interest include the [[Villa di Corliano]] in [[San Giuliano Terme]], the gated medieval village of [[Castelfranco di Sotto]], the towers of [[Montopoli in Val d'Arno]], the bell-tower of [[Peccioli]], and the Rocca Sillana fortress in [[Pomarance]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pisaunicaterra.it/en/villages-and-cities-of-art/villages.html|title=Villages|publisher=Provincia di Pisa|access-date=27 September 2014 }}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Latest revision as of 19:13, 21 November 2024
Province of Pisa
Provincia di Pisa (Italian) | |
|---|---|
 Panoramic view of Latignano | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Map highlighting the location of the province of Pisa in Italy | |
| Country |  Italy |
| Region | Tuscany |
| Capital(s) | Pisa |
| Comuni | 37 |
| Government | |
| • President | Massimiliano Angori (PD) |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,448 km2 (945 sq mi) |
| Population (31 July 2014) | |
• Total | 421,642 |
| • Density | 170/km2 (450/sq mi) |
| GDP | |
| • Total | €12.429 billion (2015) |
| • Per capita | €29,497 (2015) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 56010, 56011, 56017, 56019-56022, 56025, 56027, 56029-56038, 56040-56043, 56046, 56048 |
| Telephone prefix | 050, 0565, 0571, 0586, 0587, 0588 |
| Vehicle registration | PI |
| ISTAT | 050 |
The province of Pisa (Italian: provincia di Pisa) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pisa. With an area of 2,448 square kilometres (945 sq mi) and a total population of 421,642 (As of 2014[update]), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune).[2][3]
With a history that dates to the Etruscans and Phoenicians, the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its Leaning Tower, and other historic landmarks that attract tourists.
History
[edit]The area has a long maritime history dating back to the Etruscans, the Phoenicians and the Gauls. Under the Roman Empire, it was responsible for naval battles against the Ligurians, Gauls and Carthaginians, becoming a Roman colony in 180 B.C. and gaining further colonial independence under Julius Caesar. Thanks to its complex river system, with the fall of the Roman Empire, Pisa did not suffer unduly and was able to combat Saracen pirates. In 828, it launched an expedition against the north African coast while in 871, Pisan troops helped to defend Salerno from the Moors.[4]
In the 11th century, Pisa became a republic, reaching its zenith in the 12th and 13th centuries when its navy controlled the western Mediterranean. As a Maritime Republic, its power extended well beyond the Italian peninsula. After first being an ally then a rival of the Republic of Genoa, it suffered defeat at the Battle of Meloria in 1284. As a result, it began to decline and in 1406 was annexed to Florence, becoming part of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in the 16th century. In the 20th century, Pisa was hit hard by allied bombing and Nazi reprisals.[4]
The current province descends from the Grand Duchy, while its territories are part of the former Maritime Republic of Pisa. In 1925, the municipalities of Bibbona, Campiglia Marittima, Castagneto Carducci, Cecina, Collesalvetti, Piombino, Rosignano Marittimo, Sassetta, and Suvereto were transferred to the Province of Livorno, and at the same time the municipalities of Castelfranco di Sotto, Montopoli in Val d'Arno, San Miniato, Santa Croce sull'Arno, and Santa Maria a Monte were acquired by the province of Florence.[5] In 1938, the comune of Castellina Marittima bought a small slice of the territory of the municipality of Cecina, part of the province of Livorno, which was attributed to an administrative error.[5]
Geography
[edit]
Pisa Province extends from the alluvial plain of the Arno River, in western Tuscany, to the Ligurian Sea and has the shape of a gun upside down. It is bordered to the north by the province of Lucca, to the east by the Metropolitan City of Florence and province of Siena, to the south by province of Grosseto, and to the west by the province of Livorno and the Ligurian Sea. The province contains 39 comuni (municipalities). The most populous cities in the province as of 2013 are Pisa (86,494), Cascina (44,040), San Giuliano Terme (31,039), Pontedera (28,793), San Miniato (27,580), Ponsacco (15,503).[6]
The northern area is mountainous, containing the Apennine mountain range of Mount Pisano, adjacent to the extreme offshoot of the Apuan Alps, that separates the province of Pisa from Lucca. The highest point of Monte Pisano range and of the province is at Monte Serra (917 m or 3,009 ft).[7] The Pisan coast, extends for about 15 km (9.3 mi), and includes the following locations: Calambrone, Tirrenia and Marina di Pisa in the Municipality of Pisa, a stretch of coast about 1 km (0.62 mi), protected as a park and administered by the City of San Giuliano Terme; Vecchiano Marina, in the municipality of Vecchiano, is also located in the park. The area of Pisa is flat, but, a few miles further south, in the southern part of the province, is classic Tuscan landscape consisting of hills, forests and ancient villages. Of particular note in the south is the Val di Cecina, the valley of the Cecina River, and the ancient city of Volterra to the west.[8] The southern area of the province is hilly, containing the peak of Monte Aia dei Diavoli (867m).
Demography
[edit]Statistics recorded since 1861 show that the population of the province has increased gradually, from 240,000 is the 1860s to c. 390,000 in the 1990s. Since the new millennium, it has increased by some 30,000 to over 420,000 today.[9]
As of 1 January 2014, the ten most populated municipalities were Pisa (88,627), Cascina (44,901), San Giuliano Terme (31,315), Pontedera (28,915), San Miniato (28,072), Ponsacco (15,609), Santa Croce sull'Arno (14,528), Castelfranco di Sotto (13,431), Santa Maria a Monte (13,197) and Casciana Terme Lari (12,536).[10]
Economy
[edit]The province of Pisa has a wide variety of companies and organisations in the public and private sectors. One of the main areas of production is leather and footwear, where some 800 enterprises employing about 10,000 workers manufacture 35% of the Italy's total output in the sector. Since 2003, clothing has also been under development. There are also a number of enterprises in the chemical sector, while pharmaceuticals are also a strong sector. Catalysed by the CNR national research authority, facilities have been developed in Cascina, Pontedera, Santa Croce and Peccioli. There are also a number of software development firms and IT consultancies.[11] While in recent years the economic crisis has reduced activities in most areas, agriculture had continued to grow, thanks to traditional crops, wine production and diversification in the fruit and vegetables sector.[12] Other sectors that have recently prospered include technology (+3.4%) and glass (+4.5%) while there have been drops in footwear (-3.1%), metals (-2%), electronics and transport equipment (-9.7%), construction (-7.8%) and manufacturing (-8.2%).[13]
Tourism is also an important contributor to the local economy but in 2013 it suffered from a reduction of 10.7% in the number of visitors to the province,[14] with a reduction of 3.5% in nights spent in hotels.[13]
Government
[edit]Comuni
[edit]
The province is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune). This is the complete list of comuni in the province of Pisa:
- Bientina
- Buti
- Calci
- Calcinaia
- Capannoli
- Casale Marittimo
- Casciana Terme Lari
- Cascina
- Castelfranco di Sotto
- Castellina Marittima
- Castelnuovo di Val di Cecina
- Chianni
- Crespina Lorenzana
- Fauglia
- Guardistallo
- Lajatico
- Montecatini Val di Cecina
- Montescudaio
- Monteverdi Marittimo
- Montopoli in Val d'Arno
- Orciano Pisano
- Palaia
- Peccioli
- Pisa
- Pomarance
- Ponsacco
- Pontedera
- Riparbella
- San Giuliano Terme
- San Miniato
- Santa Croce sull'Arno
- Santa Luce
- Santa Maria a Monte
- Terricciola
- Vecchiano
- Vicopisano
- Volterra
List of presidents of the province of Pisa
[edit]| President | Term start | Term end | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gioiello Orsini | 1975 | 1980 | Italian Socialist Party | |
| Roberto Misuri | 1980 | 1981 | Italian Socialist Party | |
| Fausta Giani Cecchini | 1981 | 1985 | Italian Socialist Party | |
| Osvaldo Tozzi | 1986 | 1990 | Italian Communist Party | |
| Gino Nunes | 1990 | 1995 | Italian Communist Party Democratic Party of the Left Democrats of the Left | |
| 1995 | 1999 | |||
| 1999 | 2004 | |||
| Andrea Pieroni | 2004 | 2009 | Democrats of the Left Democratic Party | |
| 2009 | 2014 | |||
| Marco Filippeschi | 2014 | 2018 | Democratic Party | |
| Massimiliano Angori | 2018 | Incumbent | Democratic Party |
Main sights
[edit]In addition to the many sights in the city of Pisa (the Leaning Tower, the cathedral and the Carovana Palace), the province has many attractions in its other towns and villages. The historic city of Volterra is noted for its cathedral, its Etruscan and Roman remains and its museums, churches and palaces.[15]
Set on the top of three hills, the medieval city of San Miniato has a cathedral, a fortress tower, two palaces and numerous old churches.[16]
The province has many villages of interest, including Vicopisano with its fortress and towers, Calci with its Charterhouse (now a museum), and Buti with its castle and Medici villa.
Other points of interest include the Villa di Corliano in San Giuliano Terme, the gated medieval village of Castelfranco di Sotto, the towers of Montopoli in Val d'Arno, the bell-tower of Peccioli, and the Rocca Sillana fortress in Pomarance.[17]
References
[edit]- ^ Regions and Cities > Regional Statistics > Regional Economy > Regional Gross Domestic Product (Small regions TL3), OECD.Stats. Accessed on 16 November 2018.
- ^ "Provincia di Pisa" (in Italian). Stat AdminStat.
- ^ "Statistiche". Upinet. Archived from the original on 7 August 2007. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
- ^ a b "Fotografie storia dei comuni e frazioni Provincia di Pisa" (in Italian). amapisa.it. Archived from the original on 27 September 2014. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ a b "Pisa" (in Italian). Guidatoscana.net. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
- ^ "Index". Demo.istat.it. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
- ^ Valdes, Giuliano (1994). Art and History of Pisa (in Italian). Casa Editrice Bonechi. p. 124. ISBN 978-88-8029-024-7.
- ^ Nelles, Günter (1 January 2000). Florence - Fiesole, Prato, Pistoia, San Gimignano, Volterra, Siena: An Up-to-date Travel Guide ; [with Fold-out Map]. Hunter Publishing, Inc. p. 80. ISBN 978-3-88618-773-7.
- ^ "Censimenti popolazione provincia di Pisa 1861-2011" (in Italian). tuttitalia. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "Comuni in prov. di PI per popolazione" (in Italian). tuttitalia. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "Economia della Provincia Pisana" (in Italian). pisa.guidatoscana.it. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "Sull'agricoltura: l'andamento dell'economia pisana nel 2012" (in Italian). Provincia di Pisa. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ a b "Economia in tempo di crisi a Pisa e Provincia: in crescita hi-tech, vetro e meccanica. Male edilizia, commercio e manifatturiero" (in Italian). PisaInforma.it. 30 July 2014. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "Sei in: News » Rapporto Economia 2014 della Provincia di Massa Carrara" (in Italian). Confesercenti Toscana Nord. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "Beyond the tower... following the line of history". Provincia di Pisa. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "San Miniato". Provincia di Pisa. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "Villages". Provincia di Pisa. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Province of Pisa.
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