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Rangatira Island: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 44°20′47″S 176°10′20″W / 44.3465°S 176.1721°W / -44.3465; -176.1721
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m Giantflightlessbirds moved page South East Island to Rangatira Island: Now the most commonly-used of its names
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{{Short description|Island of eastern New Zealand}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox islands
{{Infobox islands
| name = South East Island
| name = South East / Hokorereoro / Rangatira Island
| native_name = Rangatira
| native_name =
| image_name =
| image_name =
| image_caption =
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}}


'''South East Island''' ('''''Rangatira''''' in [[Maori language|Maori]]<ref name="polp">Government of New Zealand, Dept of Conservation (1999) ''[http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/about-doc/role/policies-and-plans/chatham-islands-cms.pdf Chatham IslandsConservation Management Strategy], map 6. Accessed on 2012-07-13.</ref>) is the third largest island in the [[Chatham Islands]] archipelago, and covers an area of {{convert|218|ha|acre|0}}. It lies {{convert|800|km|mi|0}} east of [[New Zealand|New Zealand's]] [[South Island]] off the south-east coast of [[Pitt Island]], {{convert|55|km|mi|0}} south-east of the main settlement, [[Waitangi, Chatham Islands|Waitangi]], on [[Chatham Island]].
'''Hokorereoro''', '''Rangatira''', or '''South East Island''' is the third largest island in the [[Chatham Islands]] archipelago, and covers an area of {{convert|218|ha|acre|0}}. It lies {{convert|800|km|mi|0}} east of [[New Zealand|New Zealand's]] [[South Island]] off the south-east coast of [[Pitt Island]], {{convert|55|km|mi|0}} south-east of the main settlement, [[Waitangi, Chatham Islands|Waitangi]], on [[Chatham Island]].
[[File:Glory_Bay_and_Rangatira_Island.jpg|thumb|Glory Bay and Rangatira Island]]


==History==
==History==
According to oral traditions, ancient [[Moriori people|Moriori]] used to travel to Rangatira by canoe to capture [[sooty shearwater|muttonbirds]]. However, there is no material evidence of those expeditions, such as [[dendroglyphs]] (tree carvings) or [[petroglyphs]] (rock art).
According to oral traditions, ancient [[Moriori people|Moriori]] used to travel to Rangatira by canoe to capture [[sooty shearwater|muttonbirds]]. However, there is no material evidence of those expeditions, such as [[dendroglyphs]] (tree carvings) or [[petroglyphs]] (rock art).{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}}


European farmers ran sheep, goats and cattle on Rangatira until the 1960s when the last of these were removed. Today the island is a gazetted nature reserve, thus access to the island is restricted and controlled by the Department of Conservation.
European farmers ran sheep, goats and cattle on Rangatira until the 1960s when the last of these were removed. Today the island is a gazetted nature reserve, and access to the island is restricted and controlled by the [[Department of Conservation (New Zealand)|Department of Conservation]].


=== Scientific expedition ===
[[File:Pyramid & Rangatira Islands Chatham Islands New Zealand Aotearoa.jpg|thumb|On the LHS South East Island (Rangatira) and in the distance in the middle of photograph "The Pyramid"(Tarakoikoia)]]
In 1954 scientists on the [[1954 Chatham Islands expedition]] visited the island.<ref name="Knox1954">{{Cite Q|Q66412141}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 March 1954 |title=Expedition to the Chathams |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19540324.2.69 |access-date=28 July 2024 |work=Press |page=10 |via=Papers Past}}</ref>[[File:Pyramid & Rangatira Islands Chatham Islands New Zealand Aotearoa.jpg|thumb|On the left is Rangatira, and in the distance in the middle of photograph "The Pyramid" (Tarakoikoia)]]


==Flora and fauna==
==Flora and fauna==
Rangatira is host to several rare and endemic species of birds and plants and is a sanctuary for endangered invertebrates such as the [[Argosarchus horridus|giant stick insect]], [[Dolomedes schauinslandi|Rangatira spider]], [[Hadramphus spinipennis|coxella weevil]] and the [[Xylotoles costatus|Pitt Island longhorn beetle]].<ref>[http://www.doc.govt.nz/conservation/land-and-freshwater/offshore-islands/mangere-and-rangatira-islands/rangatira/ Rangatira (South East Island)]. Department of Conservation.</ref> It is most famous for being the habitat for the endangered [[black robin]], rescued from near extinction by a dedicated team led by [[Don Merton]], who used foster parent birds to raise the chicks of black robin. The island has been identified as an [[Important Bird Area]] by [[BirdLife International]] because it supports large breeding colonies of [[broad-billed prion]]s (330,000 pairs), [[Chatham petrel]]s (up to 1000 pairs) and [[white-faced storm petrel]]s (840,000 pairs).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.birdlife.org |title= Chatham Islands (South East Island / Rangitira) |accessdate=2012-11-18 |work= BirdLife data zone: Important Bird Areas |first= |last= |publisher= BirdLife International |year= 2012}}</ref> Rangatira was the stronghold, and last remaining breeding site for the Chatham petrel until recently; new colonies on Pitt and Chatham Islands are being established.<ref>http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=3904</ref>
Rangatira is host to several rare and endemic species of birds and plants, and is a sanctuary for endangered invertebrates such as the [[Argosarchus horridus|giant stick insect]], [[Hadramphus spinipennis|coxella weevil]], the flightless rove beetle ''[[Creophilus rekohuensis]]''',''''' and the [[Xylotoles costatus|Pitt Island longhorn beetle]].<ref>[http://www.doc.govt.nz/conservation/land-and-freshwater/offshore-islands/mangere-and-rangatira-islands/rangatira/ Rangatira (South East Island)]. Department of Conservation.</ref> It is also locally notorious for the presence of the [[Dolomedes schauinslandi|Rangatira spider]], one of New Zealand's largest spiders.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2018/04/13/giant-spiders-and-other-critters-of-rangatira-island-chatham-islands/|title=Giant spiders and other critters of Rangatira Island, Chatham Islands|last=Miskelly|first=Colin|date=13 April 2018|website=Te Papa’s Blog|language=en-NZ|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>
Rangatira is most famous for being the habitat for the endangered [[black robin]], rescued from near extinction by a dedicated team led by [[Don Merton]], who used foster parent birds to raise the chicks of black robin. The island has been identified as an [[Important Bird Area]] by [[BirdLife International]] because it supports large breeding colonies of [[broad-billed prion]]s (330,000 pairs), [[Chatham petrel]]s (up to 1000 pairs) and [[white-faced storm petrel]]s (840,000 pairs).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.birdlife.org |title= Chatham Islands (South East Island / Rangitira) |accessdate=2012-11-18 |work= BirdLife data zone: Important Bird Areas |first= |last= |publisher= BirdLife International |year= 2012}}</ref> Rangatira was the stronghold and last remaining breeding site for the Chatham petrel until recently; new colonies on Pitt and Chatham Islands are being established.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=3904|title = Magenta Petrel (Pterodroma magentae) - BirdLife species factsheet}}</ref>


For a 1994 account of the birdlife of Rangatira, see Nilsson et al.<ref>
For a 1994 account of the birdlife of Rangatira, see Nilsson et al.<ref>
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| pages = 109–125
| pages = 109–125
| publisher = [[Ornithological Society of New Zealand]]
| publisher = [[Ornithological Society of New Zealand]]
| location =
| date = 1994
| date = 1994
| language =
| language =
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</ref>
</ref>


== See also ==
==See also==
{{Portal|Islands}}
* [[List of islands of New Zealand]]
* [[List of islands of New Zealand]]
* [[List of islands]]
* [[Desert island]]


==References==
==References==
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{{Chatham Islands}}
{{Chatham Islands}}

{{Authority control}}

{{coord|-44.3465|-176.1721|type:isle|display=title}}
{{coord|-44.3465|-176.1721|type:isle|display=title}}


Revision as of 08:55, 28 July 2024

South East / Hokorereoro / Rangatira Island
Map showing location of South East Island/Rangatira
Geography
Coordinates44°20′47″S 176°10′20″W / 44.3465°S 176.1721°W / -44.3465; -176.1721
ArchipelagoChatham Islands
Area2.18 km2 (0.84 sq mi)
Highest point224
Administration
Demographics
Population0

Hokorereoro, Rangatira, or South East Island is the third largest island in the Chatham Islands archipelago, and covers an area of 218 hectares (539 acres). It lies 800 kilometres (497 mi) east of New Zealand's South Island off the south-east coast of Pitt Island, 55 kilometres (34 mi) south-east of the main settlement, Waitangi, on Chatham Island.

Glory Bay and Rangatira Island

History

According to oral traditions, ancient Moriori used to travel to Rangatira by canoe to capture muttonbirds. However, there is no material evidence of those expeditions, such as dendroglyphs (tree carvings) or petroglyphs (rock art).[citation needed]

European farmers ran sheep, goats and cattle on Rangatira until the 1960s when the last of these were removed. Today the island is a gazetted nature reserve, and access to the island is restricted and controlled by the Department of Conservation.

Scientific expedition

In 1954 scientists on the 1954 Chatham Islands expedition visited the island.[1][2]

On the left is Rangatira, and in the distance in the middle of photograph "The Pyramid" (Tarakoikoia)

Flora and fauna

Rangatira is host to several rare and endemic species of birds and plants, and is a sanctuary for endangered invertebrates such as the giant stick insect, coxella weevil, the flightless rove beetle Creophilus rekohuensis, and the Pitt Island longhorn beetle.[3] It is also locally notorious for the presence of the Rangatira spider, one of New Zealand's largest spiders.[4]

Rangatira is most famous for being the habitat for the endangered black robin, rescued from near extinction by a dedicated team led by Don Merton, who used foster parent birds to raise the chicks of black robin. The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because it supports large breeding colonies of broad-billed prions (330,000 pairs), Chatham petrels (up to 1000 pairs) and white-faced storm petrels (840,000 pairs).[5] Rangatira was the stronghold and last remaining breeding site for the Chatham petrel until recently; new colonies on Pitt and Chatham Islands are being established.[6]

For a 1994 account of the birdlife of Rangatira, see Nilsson et al.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ G A Knox (1957). "General account of the Chatham Islands 1954 Expedition" (PDF). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir. 2: 1–37. ISSN 0083-7903. Wikidata Q66412141.
  2. ^ "Expedition to the Chathams". Press. 24 March 1954. p. 10. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via Papers Past.
  3. ^ Rangatira (South East Island). Department of Conservation.
  4. ^ Miskelly, Colin (13 April 2018). "Giant spiders and other critters of Rangatira Island, Chatham Islands". Te Papa’s Blog. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  5. ^ "Chatham Islands (South East Island / Rangitira)". BirdLife data zone: Important Bird Areas. BirdLife International. 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  6. ^ "Magenta Petrel (Pterodroma magentae) - BirdLife species factsheet".
  7. ^ Nilsson, Ron J.; Kennedy, Euan S.; West, Jillian A. (1994). "The Birdlife of South East Island (Rangatira), Chatham Islands, New Zealand" (PDF). Notornis. 41 (Supplement). Ornithological Society of New Zealand: 109–125.

44°20′47″S 176°10′20″W / 44.3465°S 176.1721°W / -44.3465; -176.1721


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