Rufus King Jr.: Difference between revisions
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{{other people|Rufus King}} |
{{other people|Rufus King}} |
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{{Infobox military person |
{{Infobox military person |
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|name=Rufus King |
|name=Rufus King Jr. |
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|birth_date= {{Birth date|1838|3|21}} |
|birth_date= {{Birth date|1838|3|21}} |
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|death_date= {{Death date and age|1900|3|18|1838|3|21}} |
|death_date= {{Death date and age|1900|3|18|1838|3|21}} |
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|caption=King after the American Civil War |
|caption=King after the American Civil War |
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|nickname= |
|nickname= |
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|birth_place= [[New York City]], [[New York]] |
|birth_place= [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]] |
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|death_place= |
|death_place= |
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|allegiance= [[United States|United States of America]]<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] |
|allegiance= [[United States|United States of America]]<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] |
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|branch= [[United States Army]]<br/>[[Union Army]] |
|branch= [[United States Army]]<br/>[[Union Army]] |
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|serviceyears=1861 - 1871 |
|serviceyears=1861 - 1871 |
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|rank= [[Major ( |
|rank= [[File:Union army maj rank insignia.jpg|35px]] [[Brevet (military)|Brevet]] [[Major (United States)|Major]] |
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|unit= {{Flagicon|New York|1778}} [[7th New York Militia]]<br />{{flagicon|United States|1861}} [[4th U.S. Light Artillery, Battery A]]<br />{{flagicon|United States|1861}} [[4th Infantry Regiment (United States)|4th U.S. Infantry Regiment]] |
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|unit=Company F, 7th New York Militia<br>4th US Artillery |
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|commands= |
|commands= |
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|battles=[[American Civil War]] |
|battles=[[American Civil War]] |
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|laterwork= |
|laterwork= |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Rufus King |
'''Rufus King Jr.''' (March 21, 1838 – March 18, 1900) was an [[Field Artillery in the American Civil War|artillery]] [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]] in the [[Union Army]] during the [[American Civil War]], and a [[Medal of Honor]] recipient. |
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==Family== |
==Family== |
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Born in [[New York City]], Rufus King |
Born in [[New York City]], Rufus King Jr. was the son of [[Rufus King (general)|Rufus King]], a graduate of the [[United States Military Academy]], Class of 1833, and [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general]] during the Civil War, and the brother of [[Charles King (general)|Charles King]], who was a military commander in the [[Philippine–American War]]. His great-grandfather was [[Rufus King]], who was one of the signers of the [[United States Constitution]]. |
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==Military career== |
==Military career== |
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The younger King entered the army as a private in Company F, [[7th New York Militia]], serving a three-month enlistment from April to June 1861. He acquired a direct commission as a [[first lieutenant#United States|first lieutenant]] in the [[Regular Army|regular U.S. Army]], and was assigned to the [[4th U.S. Artillery]], on August 5, 1861. He served in the [[Army of the Potomac]] throughout the war, eventually commanding (from 1864) [[ |
The younger King entered the army as a private in Company F, [[7th New York Militia]], serving a three-month enlistment from April to June 1861. He acquired a direct commission as a [[first lieutenant#United States|first lieutenant]] in the [[Regular Army|regular U.S. Army]], and was assigned to the [[4th U.S. Artillery]], on August 5, 1861. He served in the [[Army of the Potomac]] throughout the war, eventually commanding (from 1864) [[4th U.S. Light Artillery, Battery A]], in the famed [[U.S. Horse Artillery Brigade]]. Lieutenant King was awarded one [[Brevet (military)|brevet promotion]] (to captain) for his bravery during the [[Seven Days Battles]], in actions at the [[Battle of White Oak Swamp]], on June 30, 1862. During that fight, King ranked only as a section chief, took command of combined Batteries A & C, 4th U.S. Artillery, when his commander was wounded. |
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At the end of the war, King was |
At the end of the war, King was brevetted [[Major (United States)|major]] for conduct during the war, but would have to wait until 1869 to receive his permanent promotion to captain. He was honorably mustered out of the Army on January 1, 1871. |
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Rufus King has been incorrectly credited with designing a [[disappearing gun]] carriage known as King's Depression Carriage in the late 1860s. This carriage was, in fact, designed by William Rice King, of the Army Corps of Engineers.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IHQpAAAAYAAJ&q=%22memorandum+by+Maj.+W.+R.+King%22&pg=PA371 |title = Congressional Serial Set|year = 1886}}</ref> This used a counterweight to allow a 15-inch (381 mm) [[Rodman gun]] to be moved up and down a swiveling ramp, so the weapon could be reloaded, elevated, and traversed behind cover. It was not adopted. Part of a test installation at [[Fort Foote]], Maryland remains.<ref>[http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=7625 King's Depression Carriage at the Historical Marker Database]</ref><ref name=CDSGKing>{{cite magazine |last=Smith |first=Bolling W. |date=Winter 2020 |title=William Rice King and His Counterpoise Carriage |magazine=Coast Defense Journal |volume=34 |issue=1 |location=Mclean, Virginia |publisher=CDSG Press}}</ref> |
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King was a Veteran companion of the [[Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States]] and an hereditary companion of the [[Military Order of Foreign Wars]]. |
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Major King died in New York on March 18, 1900. He was buried at the Evergreen Cemetery and Crematory, Hillside, Union County, New Jersey, Plot: 42-Lawn Plot, Map 5. |
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==The Medal of Honor== |
==The Medal of Honor== |
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[[File:King 1LT Rufus Jr Sep 1863.jpg|thumb|King during the American Civil War]] |
[[File:King 1LT Rufus Jr Sep 1863.jpg|thumb|King during the American Civil War]] |
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On March 22, 1898, the United States Army finally awarded King the Medal of Honor for his actions at White Oak Swamp. |
On March 22, 1898, the United States Army finally awarded King the Medal of Honor for his actions at White Oak Swamp. |
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Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, 4th U.S. Artillery. Place and date: At White Oak Swamp Bridge, Va., June 30, 1862. Entered service at: New York. Birth: New York. Date of issue: April 2, 1898. |
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, 4th U.S. Artillery. Place and date: At White Oak Swamp Bridge, Va., June 30, 1862. Entered service at: New York. Birth: New York. Date of issue: April 2, 1898. |
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*[[List of Medal of Honor recipients]] |
*[[List of Medal of Honor recipients]] |
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*[[List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L#K|List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L]] |
*[[List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L#K|List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L]] |
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{{Portal|Biography |
{{Portal|Biography|American Civil War}} |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*{{Cite web | |
*{{Cite web |access-date=October 5, 2010 |url=http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cwphtml/cwphome.html |title=''American Memory: Selected Civil War Photographs''. Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C.|year=1861 }} |
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*Heitman, Francis B. ''Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, From its Organization, September 29, 1789 to March 2, 1903''. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903. |
*Heitman, Francis B. ''Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, From its Organization, September 29, 1789 to March 2, 1903''. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903. |
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*U.S. War Department. ''The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies''. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1894. |
*U.S. War Department. ''The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies''. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1894. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*{{Cite web |url=http://aotw.org/moh.php?citation_id=107 |title=Rufus King |
*{{Cite web |url=http://aotw.org/moh.php?citation_id=107 |title=Rufus King Jr., 'The Medal of Honor'}} |
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{{Persondata |
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|NAME= King, Rufus, Jr. |
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|ALTERNATIVE NAMES= |
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|SHORT DESCRIPTION= [[United States Army]] [[Medal of Honor]] recipient |
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|DATE OF BIRTH= March 21, 1838 |
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|PLACE OF BIRTH= [[New York City]], [[New York]] |
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|DATE OF DEATH= March 18, 1900 |
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|PLACE OF DEATH= |
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}} |
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[[Category:1838 births]] |
[[Category:1838 births]] |
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[[Category:1900 deaths]] |
[[Category:1900 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Military personnel from New York City]] |
[[Category:Military personnel from New York City]] |
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[[Category:Army Medal of Honor recipients]] |
[[Category:United States Army Medal of Honor recipients]] |
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[[Category:Union |
[[Category:Union army officers]] |
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[[Category:People of New York in the American Civil War]] |
[[Category:People of New York (state) in the American Civil War]] |
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[[Category:American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor]] |
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[[Category:Burials at Evergreen Cemetery (Hillside, New Jersey)]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:44, 31 October 2024
Rufus King Jr. | |
|---|---|
 King after the American Civil War | |
| Born | March 21, 1838 New York City, New York |
| Died | March 18, 1900 (aged 61) |
| Allegiance | United States of America Union |
| Service | United States Army Union Army |
| Years of service | 1861 - 1871 |
| Rank |  Brevet Major |
| Unit |  7th New York Militia 4th U.S. Light Artillery, Battery A 4th U.S. Infantry Regiment |
| Battles / wars | American Civil War |
| Awards | Medal of Honor |
Rufus King Jr. (March 21, 1838 – March 18, 1900) was an artillery officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and a Medal of Honor recipient.
Family
[edit]Born in New York City, Rufus King Jr. was the son of Rufus King, a graduate of the United States Military Academy, Class of 1833, and brigadier general during the Civil War, and the brother of Charles King, who was a military commander in the Philippine–American War. His great-grandfather was Rufus King, who was one of the signers of the United States Constitution.
Military career
[edit]The younger King entered the army as a private in Company F, 7th New York Militia, serving a three-month enlistment from April to June 1861. He acquired a direct commission as a first lieutenant in the regular U.S. Army, and was assigned to the 4th U.S. Artillery, on August 5, 1861. He served in the Army of the Potomac throughout the war, eventually commanding (from 1864) 4th U.S. Light Artillery, Battery A, in the famed U.S. Horse Artillery Brigade. Lieutenant King was awarded one brevet promotion (to captain) for his bravery during the Seven Days Battles, in actions at the Battle of White Oak Swamp, on June 30, 1862. During that fight, King ranked only as a section chief, took command of combined Batteries A & C, 4th U.S. Artillery, when his commander was wounded.
At the end of the war, King was brevetted major for conduct during the war, but would have to wait until 1869 to receive his permanent promotion to captain. He was honorably mustered out of the Army on January 1, 1871.
Rufus King has been incorrectly credited with designing a disappearing gun carriage known as King's Depression Carriage in the late 1860s. This carriage was, in fact, designed by William Rice King, of the Army Corps of Engineers.[1] This used a counterweight to allow a 15-inch (381 mm) Rodman gun to be moved up and down a swiveling ramp, so the weapon could be reloaded, elevated, and traversed behind cover. It was not adopted. Part of a test installation at Fort Foote, Maryland remains.[2][3]
King was a Veteran companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and an hereditary companion of the Military Order of Foreign Wars.
Major King died in New York on March 18, 1900. He was buried at the Evergreen Cemetery and Crematory, Hillside, Union County, New Jersey, Plot: 42-Lawn Plot, Map 5.
The Medal of Honor
[edit]
On March 22, 1898, the United States Army finally awarded King the Medal of Honor for his actions at White Oak Swamp.
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, 4th U.S. Artillery. Place and date: At White Oak Swamp Bridge, Va., June 30, 1862. Entered service at: New York. Birth: New York. Date of issue: April 2, 1898.
Citation:
This officer, when his captain was wounded, succeeded to the command of two batteries while engaged against a superior force of the enemy and fought his guns most gallantly until compelled to retire.
See also
[edit]
Notes
[edit]- ^ "Congressional Serial Set". 1886.
- ^ King's Depression Carriage at the Historical Marker Database
- ^ Smith, Bolling W. (Winter 2020). "William Rice King and His Counterpoise Carriage". Coast Defense Journal. Vol. 34, no. 1. Mclean, Virginia: CDSG Press.
References
[edit]- "American Memory: Selected Civil War Photographs. Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C." 1861. Retrieved October 5, 2010.
- Heitman, Francis B. Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, From its Organization, September 29, 1789 to March 2, 1903. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903.
- U.S. War Department. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1894.