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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1943|03|23}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1943|03|23}}
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|2022|10|31|1943|03|23}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2022|10|31|1943|03|23}}<ref name="Notablog 2022">{{cite web |last=Sciabarra |first=Chris Matthew |authorlink=Chris Matthew Sciabarra |title=Sharon Presley (1943-2022), RIP |website=Notablog | date=2022-11-03 |url=https://notablog.net/archives/3156 |access-date=2022-11-04}}{{better source needed|date=November 2022|reason=this is a blog & is thus user generated content. See [[WP:BLOGS]].}}</ref>
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| alma_mater = [[City University of New York]]
| alma_mater = [[City University of New York]]
| occupation =
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| known for = Writer / [[Individualist feminism|libertarian feminism]]
| known for = Writer, [[Individualist feminism|libertarian feminism]]
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'''Sharon Presley''' (March 23, 1943 October 31, 2022) was an American [[Individualist feminism|libertarian feminist]], writer, activist,<ref name=Congress>{{cite web |title= Presley, Sharon |url= http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr2001027741.html |publisher= Library of Congress |accessdate= 13 July 2014 |quote= (Sharon Presley; b. Mar. 23, 1943; Ph.D., social psych., City Univ. of N.Y.; founder and exec. dir., Resources for Independent Thinking) }}</ref><ref name="traps">{{cite web | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JiAqAAAAIBAJ&pg=4950,2172163&dq=sharon-presley&hl=en | title=Of traps, trade-offs and women | work=[[The Milwaukee Journal]] | date=July 25, 1980 | accessdate=July 26, 2013 | author=Brookmire, Paula}}{{dead link |date=November 2022 |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> and lecturer in [[psychology]].<ref name="C-Vita">{{cite web |url=http://www.sharonpresley.net/vita.html |title=Curriculum Vita |website=SharonPresley.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610223501/http://www.sharonpresley.net/vita.html |archive-date=2015-06-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{Libertarianism in the United States sidebar}}
'''Sharon Presley''' (March 23 , 1943 - October 31, 2022)<ref name=Congress>{{cite web |title= Presley, Sharon |url= http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr2001027741.html |publisher= Library of Congress |accessdate= 13 July 2014 |quote= (Sharon Presley; b. Mar. 23, 1943; Ph.D., social psych., City Univ. of N.Y.; founder and exec. dir., Resources for Independent Thinking) }}</ref><ref name="Notablog 2022"/> was an American [[Individualist feminism|libertarian feminist]], writer, activist,<ref name="traps">{{cite web | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JiAqAAAAIBAJ&pg=4950,2172163&dq=sharon-presley&hl=en | title=Of traps, trade-offs and women | work=[[The Milwaukee Journal]] | date=July 25, 1980 | accessdate=July 26, 2013 | author=Brookmire, Paula}}</ref> and retired lecturer in [[psychology]].<ref name=C-Vita>[http://www.sharonpresley.net/vita.html Curriculum Vita], at SharonPresley.net.</ref>


== Education and work ==
== Education and work ==
Presley received a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in [[psychology]] from the [[University of California, Berkeley]] and an M.A. in psychology from [[San Francisco State]]. In 1981, she received a [[Ph.D.]] in social psychology from [[City University of New York]].<ref name="traps"/><ref>[http://www.sharonpresley.com/about.html Sharon Presley: About] at Sharon Presley.com.</ref> Between 1982 and her retirement in 2009, she had a succession of instructor, adjunct, and visiting, positions at thirteen different schools,<ref name=C-Vita/> most recently [[California State University, East Bay]] where she was a lecturer.<ref name="Laissez Faire">{{cite web|last=Laissez Faire Club|title=History of Laissez Faire Books|url=http://lfb.org/about-us/|accessdate=21 December 2013}}</ref> According to [[Rebecca Klatch]], much of Presley's research focuses on "issues of power, obedience, and resistance to authority."<ref>Rebecca E. Klatch, ''A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right, and the 1960s'', [[University of California Press]], 1999, [https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/286 p 286], {{ISBN|9780520217140}}.</ref>
Presley received a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in [[psychology]] from the [[University of California, Berkeley]] and an M.A. in psychology from [[San Francisco State]]. In 1981, she received a [[Ph.D.]] in social psychology from [[City University of New York]].<ref name="traps"/><ref name="about Sharon Presley 2016">{{cite web |url=http://www.sharonpresley.com/about.html |title=Sharon Presley: About |website=SharonPresley.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104140543/http://www.sharonpresley.com/about.html |archive-date=2016-11-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Between 1982 and her retirement in 2009, she had a succession of instructor, adjunct, and visiting, positions at thirteen different schools,<ref name=C-Vita/> including [[California State University, East Bay]] where she was a lecturer.<ref name="Laissez Faire">{{cite web|last=Laissez Faire Club|title=History of Laissez Faire Books|url=http://lfb.org/about-us/|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20161119100616/https://lfb.org/about-laissez-faire/|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 19, 2016|accessdate=21 December 2013}}</ref> According to {{ill|Rebecca Klatch|wd=Q91265617}}, much of Presley's research focuses on "issues of power, obedience, and resistance to authority."{{sfn |Klatch |1999 |p=[https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/286 p 286]}}


==Activism==
==Activism==
[[File:John Muller and Sharon Presley (1972).jpg|left|thumb|Muller and Presley at Laissez Faire Books]]
Presley was [[Apoliticism|apolitical]] until she read [[Ayn Rand]] at the age of nineteen.<ref>Rebecca E. Klatch, ''A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right, and the 1960s'', [https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/69 69].</ref> She was radicalized when her boyfriend, who was leader of the [[Cal Conservatives for Political Action]], was arrested in [[Berkeley, California]]. She joined the [[Free Speech Movement]], Students Opposed to Conscription, and the Alliance of Libertarian Activists ("ALA").<ref>[[Brian Doherty (journalist)|Doherty, Brian]], ''[[Radicals for Capitalism|Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement]]'', [[PublicAffairs]], 2007, [https://books.google.com/books?id=BOrT8tMMS5AC&pg=PA354 p354], {{ISBN|1-58648-350-1}}</ref><ref>Rebecca E. Klatch, ''A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right, and the 1960s'', [https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/118 118].</ref>
Presley was [[Apoliticism|apolitical]] until she read [[Ayn Rand]] at the age of nineteen.{{sfn |Klatch |1999 |p=[https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/69 69]}} She was radicalized when her boyfriend, who was leader of the [[Cal Conservatives for Political Action]], was arrested in [[Berkeley, California]]. She joined the [[Free Speech Movement]], Students Opposed to Conscription, and the Alliance of Libertarian Activists ("ALA").<ref>[[Brian Doherty (journalist)|Doherty, Brian]], ''[[Radicals for Capitalism|Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement]]'', [[PublicAffairs]], 2007, [https://books.google.com/books?id=BOrT8tMMS5AC&pg=PA354 p354], {{ISBN|1-58648-350-1}}</ref>{{sfn |Klatch |1999 |p=[https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/118 118]}}


In 1972, Presley helped owner John Muller launch [[Laissez Faire Books]], a libertarian store in [[Greenwich Village]], New York. She worked on promotional materials there until 1977.<ref name="Laissez Faire"/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://libertyunbound.com/archive/2008_01/ramsey-lf.html | title = "Laissez Faire": R.I.P.? | accessdate = 2011-03-31 | last = Ramsey | first = Bruce |authorlink = Bruce Ramsey| work = [[Liberty (1987)|Liberty]] | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080118075744/http://www.libertyunbound.com/archive/2008_01/ramsey-lf.html | archivedate = 2008-01-18}}</ref><ref>Rebecca E. Klatch, ''A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right, and the 1960s'', [https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/273 p 273].</ref>
In 1972, Presley helped owner John Muller launch [[Laissez Faire Books]], a libertarian store in [[Greenwich Village]], New York. She worked on promotional materials there until 1977.<ref name="Laissez Faire"/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://libertyunbound.com/archive/2008_01/ramsey-lf.html | title = "Laissez Faire": R.I.P.? | accessdate = 2011-03-31 | last = Ramsey | first = Bruce |authorlink = Bruce Ramsey| work = [[Liberty (1987)|Liberty]] | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080118075744/http://www.libertyunbound.com/archive/2008_01/ramsey-lf.html | archivedate = 2008-01-18}}</ref>{{sfn |Klatch |1999 |p=[https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/273 273]}}


In the mid-1970s, Presley was the [[executive director]] for the Association of Libertarian Feminists.<ref name="ALF News Fall 2013">{{cite journal|title=ALF Officers|journal=ALF News |volume=85 |date=Fall 2013|url=http://www.alf.org/ALF-news85final2.pdf|publisher=Association of Libertarian Feminists |accessdate=28 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233553/http://www.alf.org/ALF-news85final2.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-30 |url-status=dead |page=2}}</ref><ref>Rebecca E. Klatch, ''Generation Divided: The New Left, The New Right and the 1960s'', [https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/269 p 269].</ref><ref>{{cite web |first1=Tim |last1=Cavanaugh |first2=Paul |last2=Detrick |url=http://reason.com/blog/2012/05/26/sharon-presley-on-libertarian-feminism |title=Sharon Presley on Libertarian Feminism |work=Reason TV |date=May 26, 2012 |accessdate=May 18, 2014}}</ref>
Presley was a founder of the Association of Libertarian Feminists (ALF).<ref name="Ditz 1983">{{cite news |last=Ditz |first=Elizabeth |title=Feminism has forgotten its roots |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/112544801/feminism-has-forgotten-its-roots/ |newspaper=Telegraph-Forum |publication-place=Bucyrus, Ohio |date=June 13, 1983 |via=newspapers.com}}</ref><ref name=RIP>Brown, Elizabeth Nolan (November 14, 2022) [https://reason.com/2022/11/14/bankrupt-crypto-exchange-ftx-under-investigation/ " Bankrupt Crypto Exchange FTX Under Investigation. Plus: Democrats retain control of Senate, RIP Sharon Presley and Martin Wooster, and more... " ]. ''[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]''.com. Retrieved November 22, 2022.</ref> In the mid-1970s, Presley was the national coordinator{{sfn |Klatch |1999 |p=[https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat/page/273 273]}} then later became the [[executive director]] for ALF.<ref name="ALF News Fall 2013">{{cite journal|title=ALF Officers|journal=ALF News |volume=85 |date=Fall 2013|url=http://www.alf.org/ALF-news85final2.pdf|publisher=Association of Libertarian Feminists |accessdate=28 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233553/http://www.alf.org/ALF-news85final2.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-30 |url-status=dead |page=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first1=Tim |last1=Cavanaugh |first2=Paul |last2=Detrick |url=http://reason.com/blog/2012/05/26/sharon-presley-on-libertarian-feminism |title=Sharon Presley on Libertarian Feminism |work=Reason TV |date=May 26, 2012 |accessdate=May 18, 2014}}</ref>


==Views==
==Views==
In 1982, Presley and Lynn Kinsky wrote that government laws and regulations had created a crisis in child-care due to the restrictions in zoning, licensing, and health and safety regulations.<ref name="Majors 1983">{{cite news |last=Majors |first=Bruce Powel |date=April 16, 1983 |title=Do government regulations create baby-sitting prolbms? |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/112547111/do-government-regulation-create-baby-sit/ |newspaper=The Des Moines Register |publication-place=Des Moines, Iowa |via=newspapers.com}}</ref>{{sfn |Presley |Kinsky |1982 |p=79}}

Presley said in 2013 that libertarian feminism is not different from mainstream feminism except in the unwillingness of [[Libertarianism|libertarians]] to resort to government solutions to social problems. She said she prefers "a hand up" from private sources such as [[Mutual aid society|mutual aid societies]] "rather than a handout" from government.<ref name=Transadvocate>{{cite journal |url=http://www.transadvocate.com/5-questions-libertarian-feminism-and-trans-people_n_10038.htm |title=Libertarian Feminism and trans people |last=Williams |first=Cristan |date=August 21, 2013 |journal=The Transadvocate}}</ref> She said in 1980 that libertarian feminists "don't believe in seeking government solutions to women's problems".<ref name="traps"/><ref name=ALF>{{cite web|last=Association of Libertarian Feminists|url=http://www.alf.org/about.php|title=About ALF|accessdate=22 December 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140615144657/http://alf.org/about.php|archivedate=15 June 2014}}</ref>
Presley said in 2013 that libertarian feminism is not different from mainstream feminism except in the unwillingness of [[Libertarianism|libertarians]] to resort to government solutions to social problems. She said she prefers "a hand up" from private sources such as [[Mutual aid society|mutual aid societies]] "rather than a handout" from government.<ref name=Transadvocate>{{cite journal |url=http://www.transadvocate.com/5-questions-libertarian-feminism-and-trans-people_n_10038.htm |title=Libertarian Feminism and trans people |last=Williams |first=Cristan |date=August 21, 2013 |journal=The Transadvocate}}</ref> She said in 1980 that libertarian feminists "don't believe in seeking government solutions to women's problems".<ref name="traps"/><ref name=ALF>{{cite web|last=Association of Libertarian Feminists|url=http://www.alf.org/about.php|title=About ALF|accessdate=22 December 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140615144657/http://alf.org/about.php|archivedate=15 June 2014}}</ref>


Presley rejected the view that [[transgender woman|transgender women]] are not women, or that they should not take part in the feminist dialogue. She maintained that [[transgender]] people should be judged on their merits, like other people. She said, "Depending on distant bureaucracies run by white men who have no understanding has been problematic for women; there is no reason to assume that trans people will be any better served by those bureaucracies.<ref name=Transadvocate/>
She rejected the view that [[transgender woman|transgender women]] are not women, or that they should not take part in the feminist dialogue. She maintained that [[transgender]] people should be judged on their merits, like other people. Presley once stated, "Depending on distant bureaucracies run by white men who have no understanding has been problematic for women; there is no reason to assume that trans people will be any better served by those bureaucracies.<ref name=Transadvocate/>


Presley believed that the government should not subsidize [[abortion]] for the poor, nor make any laws limiting or banning abortion; she maintains that abortion should be available as a choice.<ref name=Transadvocate/><ref>{{cite book |title=The Right to Abortion: A Libertarian Defense |last1=Presley |first1=Sharon |last2=Cooke |first2=Robert |author3=Association of Libertarian Feminists |author4=Sallie Bingham Center for Women's History and Culture |publisher=Association of Libertarian Feminists |year=1979}}</ref> Likewise, she believes that [[birth control pill]]s should not be subject to government subsidy or restriction.<ref name=Enemy/>
Presley believed that the government should not subsidize [[abortion]] for the poor, nor make any laws limiting or banning abortion; she maintained that abortion should be available as a choice.<ref name=Transadvocate/><ref>{{cite book |title=The Right to Abortion: A Libertarian Defense |last1=Presley |first1=Sharon |last2=Cooke |first2=Robert |author3=Association of Libertarian Feminists |author4=Sallie Bingham Center for Women's History and Culture |publisher=Association of Libertarian Feminists |year=1979}}</ref> Likewise, she believed that [[birth control pill]]s should not be subject to government subsidy or restriction.<ref name=Enemy/>


Presley says that the government should not make any laws regarding [[prostitution]]. She also says that the customers of prostitutes should not be prosecuted. In this regard, Presley differs from feminists who wish to restrict prostitution.<ref name="traps"/> She says that, despite the general agreement among feminists that violent [[pornography]] is degrading to women, that there should be no government laws limiting such pornography, which she describes as a symptom of a societal problem. Instead, she suggests that the problem's cause should be identified and treated with education.<ref name="traps"/> She disagrees with [[Susan Brownmiller]] that anti-obscenity laws would solve the problem.<ref name=Enemy>{{cite book |chapter=Government is Women's Enemy |last1=Presley |first1=Sharon |last2=Kinsky |first2=Lynn |page=[https://archive.org/details/extremisminameri00sargrich/page/252 252] |url=https://archive.org/details/extremisminameri00sargrich |url-access=registration |title=Extremism in America: A Reader |editor=Lyman Tower Sargent |publisher=NYU Press |year=1995 |isbn=9780814780114}} Originally [http://www.alf.org/womensenemy.php published in 1976] by the Association of Libertarian Feminists.</ref>
Presley contended that the government should not make any laws regarding [[prostitution]]. She also opined that the customers of prostitutes should not be prosecuted. In this regard, Presley differs from feminists who wish to restrict prostitution.<ref name="traps"/> She maintained that, despite the general agreement among feminists that violent [[pornography]] is degrading to women, that there should be no government laws limiting such pornography, which she describes as a symptom of a societal problem. Instead, she suggested that the problem's cause should be identified and treated with education.<ref name="traps"/> She disagreed with [[Susan Brownmiller]] that anti-obscenity laws would solve the problem.<ref name=Enemy>{{cite book |chapter=Government is Women's Enemy |last1=Presley |first1=Sharon |last2=Kinsky |first2=Lynn |page=[https://archive.org/details/extremisminameri00sargrich/page/252 252] |url=https://archive.org/details/extremisminameri00sargrich |url-access=registration |title=Extremism in America: A Reader |editor=Lyman Tower Sargent |publisher=NYU Press |year=1995 |isbn=9780814780114}} Originally [http://www.alf.org/womensenemy.php published in 1976] by the Association of Libertarian Feminists.</ref>


Presley's self-help book, ''Standing Up to Experts and Authorities: How to Avoid Being Intimidated, Manipulated, and Abused'', came out in 2010. In the first chapter she cites scholarly studies to describe how people may unknowingly disengage their critical thinking in the face of apparent authority. This reaction masks the possibility that the authority's assertions may be challenged. Presley continues by giving the reader pointers on how to overcome their initial reaction and regain a calm and assertive footing.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/authorities-278748-most-section.html |title=Alan W. Bock: How to stand your ground with authorities |last=Bock |first=Alan |date=December 3, 2010 |work=Orange County Register }} Article updated on August 21, 2013.</ref>
In her 2010 self-help book, ''Standing Up to Experts and Authorities: How to Avoid Being Intimidated, Manipulated, and Abused'', Presley cited scholarly studies to describe how people may unknowingly disengage their critical thinking in the face of apparent authority. This reaction masks the possibility that the authority's assertions may be challenged. Presley gave the reader pointers on how to overcome their initial reaction and regain a calm and assertive footing.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/authorities-278748-most-section.html |title=Alan W. Bock: How to stand your ground with authorities |last=Bock |first=Alan |date=December 3, 2010 |work=Orange County Register }} Article updated on August 21, 2013.</ref>

==Death==
Presley died on October 31, 2022, after struggling with various health issues.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sciabarra |first=Chris Matthew |authorlink=Chris Matthew Sciabarra |title=Sharon Presley (1943-2022), RIP |website=Notablog | date=2022-11-03 |url=https://notablog.net/archives/3156 |access-date=2022-11-04}}</ref><ref name=RIP/>


== Selected bibliography ==
== Selected bibliography ==


=== Books ===
=== Books ===
* {{cite book |last=Presley |first=Sharon |chapter= Ayn Rand's Philosophy of Individualism: A Feminist Psychologist's Perspective |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/feministinterpre0000unse_o1t1/page/250/mode/2up |chapter-url-access=registration |editor-last=Gladstein |editor-first=Mimi Reisel |editor-link=Mimi Reisel Gladstein |editor-last2=Sciabarra |editor-first2=Chris Matthew |editor2-link=Chris Matthew Sciabarra |title=Feminist interpretations of Ayn Rand |publisher=The Pennsylvania State University Press |publication-place=University Park, Pennsylvania |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-271-01830-0 |oclc=1310591549 |pages=251–273 |via=Internet Archive |ref=none}}
*{{cite book |last1=Presley |first1=Sharon |last2=Kinsky |first2=Lynn |editor-last=McElroy |chapter=Government Is Women's Enemy |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/freedomfeminisms00mcelrich/page/76/mode/2up |chapter-url-access=registration |editor-first=Wendy |editor-link=Wendy McElroy |series=Paul Avrich Collection (Library of Congress) |title=Freedom, Feminism, and the State: An Overview of Individualist Feminism |publisher=[[Cato Institute]] |publication-place=Washington, DC |year=1982 |isbn=978-0-932790-32-3 |oclc=8937344 |via=Internet Archive}}
* {{cite book |last=de Cleyre |first=Voltairine |author-link=Voltairine de Cleyre |editor-last=Presley |editor-first=Sharon |editor-last2=Sartwell |editor-first2= Crispin |editor2-link=Crispin Sartwell |title=Exquisite Rebel: the essays of Voltairine de Cleyre — feminist, anarchist, genius |url=https://archive.org/details/exquisiterebeles0000decl |url-access=registration |publisher=State University of New York Press |location=Albany |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-4237-4860-1 |oclc=1091017127 |ref=none |via=Internet Archive}}
* {{cite book |last=Presley |first=Sharon |chapter= Ayn Rand's Philosophy of Individualism: A Feminist Psychologist's Perspective |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/feministinterpre0000unse_o1t1/page/250/mode/2up |chapter-url-access=registration |editor-last=Gladstein |editor-first=Mimi Reisel |editor-link=Mimi Reisel Gladstein |editor-last2=Sciabarra |editor-first2=Chris Matthew |editor2-link=Chris Matthew Sciabarra |title=Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand |publisher=The Pennsylvania State University Press |publication-place=University Park, Pennsylvania |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-271-01830-0 |oclc=1310591549 |pages=251–273 |via=Internet Archive |ref=none}}
* {{cite book |last=de Cleyre |first=Voltairine |author-link=Voltairine de Cleyre |editor-last=Presley |editor-first=Sharon |editor-last2=Sartwell |editor-first2= Crispin |editor2-link=Crispin Sartwell |title=Exquisite Rebel: The Essays of Voltairine de Cleyre — Feminist, Anarchist, Genius |url=https://archive.org/details/exquisiterebeles0000decl |url-access=registration |publisher=State University of New York Press |location=Albany |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-4237-4860-1 |oclc=1091017127 |ref=none |via=Internet Archive}}
* {{cite book | last = Presley | first = Sharon | title = Standing up to experts and authorities: how to avoid being intimidated, manipulated, and abused | publisher = Solomon Press | location = New York, New York | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-0-934623-87-2 |oclc=694395027 |ref=none}}
* {{cite book | last = Presley | first = Sharon | title = Standing Up to Experts and Authorities: How to Avoid Being Intimidated, Manipulated, and Abused | publisher = Solomon Press | location = New York, New York | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-0-934623-87-2 |oclc=694395027 |ref=none}}


=== Ph.D thesis ===
=== Ph.D thesis ===
Line 63: Line 69:
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

===Sources===
*{{cite book |last=Klatch |first=Rebecca E. |title=A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right, and the 1960s |publisher=University of California Press |publication-place=Berkeley |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-520-92234-1 |oclc=45843350 |url=https://archive.org/details/generationdivide0000klat |url-access=registration |via=Internet Archive}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons}}
{{commons}}
*{{youTube|u=SharonPresleyWriter}}
* [http://www.sharonpresley.com Sharon Presley's professional/academic web site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080703202828/http://www.sharonpresley.net/ Sharon Presley's political activist web site]
*{{cite web |title=Sharon Presley |url=http://www.sharonpresley.com/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014055548/http://www.sharonpresley.com/ |archive-date=2016-10-14 |url-status=dead}}, Presley's political professional site.
*{{cite web |title=Sharon Presley |url=http://www.sharonpresley.net/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207084135/http://www.sharonpresley.net/
* [https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JiAqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=rSsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4950,2172163&dq=sharon+presley+libertarian&hl=en Of traps, trade offs and women], Paula Brookmire interview with Sharon Presley, [[The Milwaukee Journal]], July 25, 1980.
|archive-date=2012-02-07 |url-status=dead}} Presley's political activist site.


{{subject bar|portal1=Feminism|portal2=Libertarianism|portal3=Biography|portal4=United States}}
{{subject bar|portal1=Feminism|portal2=Libertarianism|portal3=Biography|portal4=United States}}
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[[Category:Feminist studies scholars]]
[[Category:Feminist studies scholars]]
[[Category:Individualist feminists]]
[[Category:Individualist feminists]]
[[Category:Women science writers]]
[[Category:American women science writers]]

Latest revision as of 20:33, 5 December 2024

Sharon Presley
Sharon Presley
Born(1943-03-23)March 23, 1943
DiedOctober 31, 2022(2022-10-31) (aged 79)
Alma materCity University of New York
Known forWriter, libertarian feminism

Sharon Presley (March 23, 1943 – October 31, 2022) was an American libertarian feminist, writer, activist,[1][2] and lecturer in psychology.[3]

Education and work

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Presley received a B.A. in psychology from the University of California, Berkeley and an M.A. in psychology from San Francisco State. In 1981, she received a Ph.D. in social psychology from City University of New York.[2][4] Between 1982 and her retirement in 2009, she had a succession of instructor, adjunct, and visiting, positions at thirteen different schools,[3] including California State University, East Bay where she was a lecturer.[5] According to Rebecca Klatch [Wikidata], much of Presley's research focuses on "issues of power, obedience, and resistance to authority."[6]

Activism

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Muller and Presley at Laissez Faire Books

Presley was apolitical until she read Ayn Rand at the age of nineteen.[7] She was radicalized when her boyfriend, who was leader of the Cal Conservatives for Political Action, was arrested in Berkeley, California. She joined the Free Speech Movement, Students Opposed to Conscription, and the Alliance of Libertarian Activists ("ALA").[8][9]

In 1972, Presley helped owner John Muller launch Laissez Faire Books, a libertarian store in Greenwich Village, New York. She worked on promotional materials there until 1977.[5][10][11]

Presley was a founder of the Association of Libertarian Feminists (ALF).[12][13] In the mid-1970s, Presley was the national coordinator[11] then later became the executive director for ALF.[14][15]

Views

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In 1982, Presley and Lynn Kinsky wrote that government laws and regulations had created a crisis in child-care due to the restrictions in zoning, licensing, and health and safety regulations.[16][17]

Presley said in 2013 that libertarian feminism is not different from mainstream feminism except in the unwillingness of libertarians to resort to government solutions to social problems. She said she prefers "a hand up" from private sources such as mutual aid societies "rather than a handout" from government.[18] She said in 1980 that libertarian feminists "don't believe in seeking government solutions to women's problems".[2][19]

She rejected the view that transgender women are not women, or that they should not take part in the feminist dialogue. She maintained that transgender people should be judged on their merits, like other people. Presley once stated, "Depending on distant bureaucracies run by white men who have no understanding has been problematic for women; there is no reason to assume that trans people will be any better served by those bureaucracies.[18]

Presley believed that the government should not subsidize abortion for the poor, nor make any laws limiting or banning abortion; she maintained that abortion should be available as a choice.[18][20] Likewise, she believed that birth control pills should not be subject to government subsidy or restriction.[21]

Presley contended that the government should not make any laws regarding prostitution. She also opined that the customers of prostitutes should not be prosecuted. In this regard, Presley differs from feminists who wish to restrict prostitution.[2] She maintained that, despite the general agreement among feminists that violent pornography is degrading to women, that there should be no government laws limiting such pornography, which she describes as a symptom of a societal problem. Instead, she suggested that the problem's cause should be identified and treated with education.[2] She disagreed with Susan Brownmiller that anti-obscenity laws would solve the problem.[21]

In her 2010 self-help book, Standing Up to Experts and Authorities: How to Avoid Being Intimidated, Manipulated, and Abused, Presley cited scholarly studies to describe how people may unknowingly disengage their critical thinking in the face of apparent authority. This reaction masks the possibility that the authority's assertions may be challenged. Presley gave the reader pointers on how to overcome their initial reaction and regain a calm and assertive footing.[22]

Death

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Presley died on October 31, 2022, after struggling with various health issues.[23][13]

Selected bibliography

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Books

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  • Presley, Sharon; Kinsky, Lynn (1982). "Government Is Women's Enemy". In McElroy, Wendy (ed.). Freedom, Feminism, and the State: An Overview of Individualist Feminism. Paul Avrich Collection (Library of Congress). Washington, DC: Cato Institute. ISBN 978-0-932790-32-3. OCLC 8937344 – via Internet Archive.
  • Presley, Sharon (1999). "Ayn Rand's Philosophy of Individualism: A Feminist Psychologist's Perspective". In Gladstein, Mimi Reisel; Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (eds.). Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand. University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 251–273. ISBN 978-0-271-01830-0. OCLC 1310591549 – via Internet Archive.
  • de Cleyre, Voltairine (2005). Presley, Sharon; Sartwell, Crispin (eds.). Exquisite Rebel: The Essays of Voltairine de Cleyre — Feminist, Anarchist, Genius. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4237-4860-1. OCLC 1091017127 – via Internet Archive.
  • Presley, Sharon (2010). Standing Up to Experts and Authorities: How to Avoid Being Intimidated, Manipulated, and Abused. New York, New York: Solomon Press. ISBN 978-0-934623-87-2. OCLC 694395027.

Ph.D thesis

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  • Presley, Sharon (1982). Values and attitudes of political resisters to authority (Ph.D thesis). New York, New York: City University of New York. OCLC 313314438.

References

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  1. ^ "Presley, Sharon". Library of Congress. Retrieved July 13, 2014. (Sharon Presley; b. Mar. 23, 1943; Ph.D., social psych., City Univ. of N.Y.; founder and exec. dir., Resources for Independent Thinking)
  2. ^ a b c d e Brookmire, Paula (July 25, 1980). "Of traps, trade-offs and women". The Milwaukee Journal. Retrieved July 26, 2013.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ a b "Curriculum Vita". SharonPresley.net. Archived from the original on June 10, 2015.
  4. ^ "Sharon Presley: About". SharonPresley.com. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016.
  5. ^ a b Laissez Faire Club. "History of Laissez Faire Books". Archived from the original on November 19, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
  6. ^ Klatch 1999, p. p 286.
  7. ^ Klatch 1999, p. 69.
  8. ^ Doherty, Brian, Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement, PublicAffairs, 2007, p354, ISBN 1-58648-350-1
  9. ^ Klatch 1999, p. 118.
  10. ^ Ramsey, Bruce. ""Laissez Faire": R.I.P.?". Liberty. Archived from the original on January 18, 2008. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
  11. ^ a b Klatch 1999, p. 273.
  12. ^ Ditz, Elizabeth (June 13, 1983). "Feminism has forgotten its roots". Telegraph-Forum. Bucyrus, Ohio – via newspapers.com.
  13. ^ a b Brown, Elizabeth Nolan (November 14, 2022) " Bankrupt Crypto Exchange FTX Under Investigation. Plus: Democrats retain control of Senate, RIP Sharon Presley and Martin Wooster, and more... " . Reason.com. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  14. ^ "ALF Officers" (PDF). ALF News. 85. Association of Libertarian Feminists: 2. Fall 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 30, 2013. Retrieved December 28, 2013.
  15. ^ Cavanaugh, Tim; Detrick, Paul (May 26, 2012). "Sharon Presley on Libertarian Feminism". Reason TV. Retrieved May 18, 2014.
  16. ^ Majors, Bruce Powel (April 16, 1983). "Do government regulations create baby-sitting prolbms?". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa – via newspapers.com.
  17. ^ Presley & Kinsky 1982, p. 79.
  18. ^ a b c Williams, Cristan (August 21, 2013). "Libertarian Feminism and trans people". The Transadvocate.
  19. ^ Association of Libertarian Feminists. "About ALF". Archived from the original on June 15, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  20. ^ Presley, Sharon; Cooke, Robert; Association of Libertarian Feminists; Sallie Bingham Center for Women's History and Culture (1979). The Right to Abortion: A Libertarian Defense. Association of Libertarian Feminists.
  21. ^ a b Presley, Sharon; Kinsky, Lynn (1995). "Government is Women's Enemy". In Lyman Tower Sargent (ed.). Extremism in America: A Reader. NYU Press. p. 252. ISBN 9780814780114. Originally published in 1976 by the Association of Libertarian Feminists.
  22. ^ Bock, Alan (December 3, 2010). "Alan W. Bock: How to stand your ground with authorities". Orange County Register. Article updated on August 21, 2013.
  23. ^ Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (November 3, 2022). "Sharon Presley (1943-2022), RIP". Notablog. Retrieved November 4, 2022.

Sources

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