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this diet was confused with the Mechanical soft (i.e. mashed diet) while it should be a regular diet but low fat, low fiber and low spices diet.
→Fruits and vegetables: custard apples
 
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{{Short description|Type of diet}}
A '''Mechanical soft diet''' is recommended in many situations, including some types of [[dysphagia]] (difficulty swallowing), surgery involving the jaw, mouth or [[gastrointestinal tract]], and pain from newly adjusted [[dental braces]]. This diet is often confused with the soft diet that is a regular diet but without fibers, spiced foods, and highly fatty foods (some people may call it light food).
{{refimprove|date=February 2017}}
{{split|Soft diet|Pureed diet|date=September 2022}}


A '''mechanical soft diet''' or '''edentulous diet,''' or '''soft food(s) diet,''' is a diet that involves only foods that are physically soft, with the goal of reducing or eliminating the need to [[Mastication|chew the food]]. It is recommended for people who have difficulty chewing food, including people with some types of [[dysphagia]] (difficulty swallowing), the [[Edentulism|loss of many or all teeth]], pain from recently adjusted [[dental braces]], or surgery involving the jaw, mouth, or [[gastrointestinal tract]].
⚫
A Mechanical soft diet can include many or most foods if they are mashed, pureed, combined with sauce or gravy, or simmered in liquid.


⚫
A mechanical soft diet can include many or most foods if they are mashed, [[Purée|puréed]], chopped very small, combined with sauce or gravy, or softened in liquid.
In some situations, there are additional restrictions. For example, patients who need to avoid excessive [[Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease|reflux]], such as those recovering from esophageal surgery for [[achalasia]], are also instructed to stay away from foods that can aggravate [[Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease|reflux]], which include ketchup and other tomato products, citrus fruits, chocolate, mint, spicy foods, alcohol, and caffeine.


In some situations, there are additional restrictions. For example, patients who need to avoid [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease|acid reflux]], such as those recovering from esophageal surgery for [[achalasia]], are also instructed to stay away from foods that can aggravate reflux, which include alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, citrus fruits, ketchup and other tomato products, mint, and spicy foods. Foods such as blackberries and tomatoes may be restricted because they contain small seeds.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=I_nzCAAAQBAJ|title = Foundations of Basic Nursing|last1 = White|first1 = Lois|last2 = Duncan|first2 = Gena|last3 = Baumle|first3 = Wendy|date = 2010-01-27|publisher = Cengage Learning|isbn = 978-1428317741|pages = 395–396|language = en}}</ref>
Many of the foods listed here can be adapted for a [[liquid diet|"full liquid"]] diet (not a [[liquid diet|"clear liquid"]] diet) by processing in a blender with an appropriate thinning liquid such as a vegetable or meat broth, fruit or vegetable juice, or milk.


== Grains/starches ==
== Alternatives ==
A '''[[purée]]d diet''' is commonly used for people who have difficulty swallowing and provides a uniformly smooth consistency.<ref name=":0" />


Soft diets, particularly purée foods, can contribute to the high prevalence of malnutrition in those with dysphagia, especially in long-term care residents.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = O'Keeffe ST | title = Use of modified diets to prevent aspiration in oropharyngeal dysphagia: is current practice justified? | language = En | journal = BMC Geriatrics | volume = 18 | issue = 1 | pages = 167 | date = July 2018 | pmid = 30029632 | pmc = 6053717 | doi = 10.1186/s12877-018-0839-7 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Such diets are often less palatable, and a reduction in food intake is common. Also, puréed diets are often poorer in calories, protein, and micronutrients than regular diets.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Keller, H. |author2=Chambers, L. |author3=Niezgoda, H. |author4=Duizer, L. |title=Issues associated with the use of modified texture foods|journal= J Nutr Health Aging|date= 2012|volume=16|issue=3|pages=195–200|doi=10.1007/s12603-011-0160-z|pmid=22456772|s2cid=33233153|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Most of the foods on this diet can be both puréed and thinned with liquids to be incorporated into a full-[[liquid diet]].

⚫
== Examples ==
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2019}}
=== Desserts ===
[[File:Caramel-pear ice cream (3616801496).jpg|alt=A serving of ice cream in a bowl|thumb|Ice cream - with no chunks of chocolate, no whole nuts or nut bits, nor other hard ingredients - can be part of a soft diet.]]
⚫
*[[Cake]] softened with milk or ice cream
⚫
*[[Cheesecake]]
⚫
*[[Cream pie]]s
⚫
*[[Custard]]
⚫
*Fruit [[smoothies]] with crushed ice, milk, soy milk, or yogurt
⚫
*Gelatin desserts such as [[Jell-O]]
⚫
*[[Milkshakes]] and [[health shake]]s
⚫
*[[Mousse]]
*Soft pies, such as [[Key lime pie]], [[pumpkin pie]], and [[sweet potato pie]]
⚫
*[[Pudding]]
⚫
*Smooth frozen desserts such as [[frozen yogurt]], [[ice cream]], [[Italian ice]], [[ice pop|popsicles]], and [[sorbet|sherbet]]
⚫
*[[Whipped cream]] or [[whipped topping]]

=== Fruits and vegetables ===
[[File:Apple-sauce-544676.jpg|alt=A bowl of applesauce|thumb|Applesauce and other puréed fruits and vegetables require no chewing.]]
⚫
*[[Applesauce]]
⚫
*[[Avocados]]
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*[[Bananas]], mashed if needed
⚫
*[[Creamed corn]]
⚫
*Creamed peas
*Creamed [[spinach]]
*[[Custard apples]]
⚫
*[[Fruit juice]]s
*[[Watermelon]]
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*Peeled [[peach]]es or [[pear]]s, very ripe or canned
⚫
*[[Soup]] with soft-cooked vegetables
⚫
*[[Vegetable juice]]s such as carrot juice or [[tomato|tomato juice]]
⚫
*Vegetables cooked soft, mashed, or puréed

=== Grains/starches ===
[[File:Milk and Cereals.jpg|alt=A bowl of breakfast cereal in milk|thumb|Soggy breakfast cereal requires little or no chewing.]]
*[[Baked potato]]es, skinless, mashed with sour cream or cream cheese
*[[Baked potato]]es, skinless, mashed with sour cream or cream cheese
*[[Breakfast cereal]] ([[Cheerios]], [[Cornflakes]], [[Corn Pops]], [[Corn Chex]], [[Rice Krispies]]), softened in milk
*[[Breakfast cereal]] ([[Cheerios]], [[Corn Chex]], [[Corn Pops]], [[Cornflakes]], [[Rice Krispies]]), softened in milk
*Cooked hot cereals such as [[oatmeal]], [[porridge]], [[Cream of Wheat]], [[grits]], Cream of Rice, [[Farina (food)|Farina]], or [[Weetabix]]
*Cooked hot cereals such as [[Cream of Rice]], [[Cream of Wheat]], [[Farina (food)|Farina]], [[grits]], [[Maypo]], [[oatmeal]], [[porridge]], [[Weetabix]], or [[Wheatena]]
*[[Couscous]]
*[[Couscous]]
*[[Lasagne]] with extra sauce
*[[Lasagne]] with extra sauce
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*[[Mashed potatoes]] and gravy
*[[Mashed potatoes]] and gravy
*Mashed [[sweet potatoes]]
*Mashed [[sweet potatoes]]
*Muffins, pancakes, or waffles, softened with syrup or butter
*Muffins, pancakes, or waffles, softened with butter or syrup
*Pasta cooked soft
*Pasta cooked soft
*[[Polenta]]
*[[Polenta]]
*[[Potato salad]], mashed
*[[Potato salad]], mashed
*[[Quinoa]]
*[[Quinoa]]
*Rice cooked soft with sauce or gravy
*Rice cooked soft, with sauce or gravy
*Rice gruel or [[congee]]
*Rice gruel or [[congee]]
*[[Risotto]]
*[[Risotto]]


== Protein ==
=== Protein ===
[[File:PeanutButter.jpg|alt=An open jar of peanut butter|thumb|Peanut butter and other nut butters provide protein without needing to chew. However, they may be too thick or sticky for people who have difficulty swallowing.]]

*[[Baked beans]]
*[[Baked beans]]
*Canned tuna or canned chicken
*Canned chicken or canned tuna
*[[Chicken salad]] or [[tuna salad]]
*[[Chicken salad]] or [[tuna salad]]
*[[Chili con carne|Chili]]
*[[Chili con carne|Chili]]
⚫
*[[Cottage cheese]]
*[[Scrambled eggs|Eggs, scrambled]]
*[[Scrambled eggs|Eggs, scrambled]]
*[[Chinese steamed eggs|Eggs, beaten and steamed]]
*[[Chinese steamed eggs|Eggs, beaten and steamed]]
⚫
*[[Cottage cheese]]
*Enchilada pie
*Enchilada pie
*Fish cooked soft
*Fish cooked soft
*Meat in [[soups]], [[stews]], or [[Curry|curries]]
*Meat in [[Curry|curries]], [[soups]], or [[stews]]
*[[Meatloaf]], [[meatball]]s, [[cottage pie]], and other soft dishes with [[ground meat]]
*[[Ground meat]] dishes, such as [[chili con carne]], [[cottage pie]] ("Shepherd's pie"), hamburgers, [[meatball]]s, [[meatloaf]]
*[[Nut butter]] such as [[peanut butter]], [[almond butter]], or cashew butter
*[[Nut butter]] such as [[almond butter]], [[cashew butter]], [[Nutella]], and [[peanut butter]]
*[[Refried beans]] with melted cheese, sour cream, salsa, or guacamole
*[[Refried beans]] with melted cheese, guacamole, salsa, or sour cream
⚫
*[[Ricotta]]
*[[Sloppy joe]]
*[[Sloppy joe]]
*[[Tofu]]
*[[Tofu]]
*[[Yogurt]]
*[[Yogurt]]
⚫
*[[Ricotta]]


== Fruits and vegetables ==
== See also ==
* [[Liquid diet]]


== References ==
⚫
*[[Applesauce]]
<references />
⚫
*[[Avocados]]
⚫
*[[Bananas]], mashed if needed
⚫
*[[Creamed corn]]
⚫
*Creamed [[spinach]]
⚫
*[[Fruit juice]]s
*[[Melons|Melon]], ripe and cubed, such as [[cantelope]], [[Honeydew (melon)|honeydew]], and [[watermelon]]
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*Peeled [[pear]]s or [[peach]]es, ripe or canned
⚫
*[[Soup]] with soft-cooked vegetables
⚫
*[[Vegetable juice]]s such as [[tomato|tomato juice]] or carrot juice
⚫
*Vegetables cooked soft, mashed, or pureed in the blender


== Desserts ==
== External links ==
⚫
*[https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/dysphagia NIDCD information on dysphagia]
⚫
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120627002446/http://www.digestivehealthcare.net/diets/soft_diet.html Soft Diets for Gastroenterological Medicine]


{{Diets}}
⚫
*[[Cake]] softened with milk or ice cream
⚫
*[[Cheesecake]]
⚫
*[[Cream pie]]s
⚫
*[[Custard]]
⚫
*Fruit [[smoothies]] with milk, yogurt, soy milk, or crushed ice
⚫
*Gelatin desserts such as [[Jell-O]]
⚫
*[[Milkshakes]] and [[health shake]]s
⚫
*[[Mousse]]
⚫
*[[Pudding]]
*[[Pumpkin pie]], [[Key Lime pie|key lime pie]], and other soft pies
⚫
*Smooth frozen desserts such as [[frozen yogurt]], [[ice cream]], [[Italian ice]], [[ice pop|popsicles]], and [[sorbet|sherbet]]
⚫
*[[Whipped cream]] or [[whipped topping]]

⚫
== See also ==
⚫
*[http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/pages/dysph.aspx NIDCD information on dysphagia]
⚫
*[http://www.digestivehealthcare.net/diets/soft_diet.html Soft Diets for Gastroenterological Medicine]


[[Category:Diets]]
[[Category:Diets]]

Latest revision as of 03:00, 10 March 2024

A mechanical soft diet or edentulous diet, or soft food(s) diet, is a diet that involves only foods that are physically soft, with the goal of reducing or eliminating the need to chew the food. It is recommended for people who have difficulty chewing food, including people with some types of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), the loss of many or all teeth, pain from recently adjusted dental braces, or surgery involving the jaw, mouth, or gastrointestinal tract.

A mechanical soft diet can include many or most foods if they are mashed, puréed, chopped very small, combined with sauce or gravy, or softened in liquid.

In some situations, there are additional restrictions. For example, patients who need to avoid acid reflux, such as those recovering from esophageal surgery for achalasia, are also instructed to stay away from foods that can aggravate reflux, which include alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, citrus fruits, ketchup and other tomato products, mint, and spicy foods. Foods such as blackberries and tomatoes may be restricted because they contain small seeds.[1]

Alternatives

[edit]

A puréed diet is commonly used for people who have difficulty swallowing and provides a uniformly smooth consistency.[1]

Soft diets, particularly purée foods, can contribute to the high prevalence of malnutrition in those with dysphagia, especially in long-term care residents.[2] Such diets are often less palatable, and a reduction in food intake is common. Also, puréed diets are often poorer in calories, protein, and micronutrients than regular diets.[3]

Most of the foods on this diet can be both puréed and thinned with liquids to be incorporated into a full-liquid diet.

Examples

[edit]

Desserts

[edit]
A serving of ice cream in a bowl
Ice cream - with no chunks of chocolate, no whole nuts or nut bits, nor other hard ingredients - can be part of a soft diet.

Fruits and vegetables

[edit]
A bowl of applesauce
Applesauce and other puréed fruits and vegetables require no chewing.

Grains/starches

[edit]
A bowl of breakfast cereal in milk
Soggy breakfast cereal requires little or no chewing.

Protein

[edit]
An open jar of peanut butter
Peanut butter and other nut butters provide protein without needing to chew. However, they may be too thick or sticky for people who have difficulty swallowing.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b White, Lois; Duncan, Gena; Baumle, Wendy (2010-01-27). Foundations of Basic Nursing. Cengage Learning. pp. 395–396. ISBN 978-1428317741.
  2. ^ O'Keeffe ST (July 2018). "Use of modified diets to prevent aspiration in oropharyngeal dysphagia: is current practice justified?". BMC Geriatrics. 18 (1): 167. doi:10.1186/s12877-018-0839-7. PMC 6053717. PMID 30029632.
  3. ^ Keller, H.; Chambers, L.; Niezgoda, H.; Duizer, L. (2012). "Issues associated with the use of modified texture foods". J Nutr Health Aging. 16 (3): 195–200. doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0160-z. PMID 22456772. S2CID 33233153.
[edit]
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