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{{Short description|Space mission of the Sojuz program}}
{{dablink|This article is about the Soyuz 27 spacecraft. For the crew launched in Soyuz 27, see [[Salyut 6 EP-1]].}}
{{about|the Soyuz 27 spacecraft|the crew launched in Soyuz 27|Salyut 6 EP-1}}


{{Use British English|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox Space mission
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
| mission_name = Soyuz 27
{{Infobox spaceflight
| sign = {{lang|ru|Памир}} ({{lang|ru-Latn|''Pamir''}} - "[[Pamir Mountains]]")
| name = Soyuz 27
| crew_members = 2
| image =
| launch = {{start-date|January 10 1978 12:26:00}} [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]
| image_caption =
| launch_pad = [[Gagarin's Start]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/sites/baiurlc1.htm |title=Baikonur LC1 |accessdate=2009-03-04 |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica}}</ref>
| insignia =
| landing = {{end-date|March 16 1978 11:18:47}}&nbsp;UTC<br />{{convert|310|km|mi|abbr=on}} W of Tselinograd

| duration = 64d/22:52:47
| orbits = 1025
| mission_type = Crewed mission to [[Salyut 6]]
| operator = [[Energia (corporation)|OKB-1]]
| mass = {{convert|6800|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| COSPAR_ID = 1978-003A
| perigee = {{convert|198.9|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| SATCAT = 10560
| apogee = {{convert|253.8|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| inclination = 51.65°
| mission_duration = 65 days
| distance_travelled =
| period = 88.73 minutes
| orbits_completed = 1025
| next = [[image:Soyuz28-patch.png|35px]] [[Soyuz 28]]

| previous = [[Soyuz 26]]
| spacecraft = Soyuz s/n 44
| spacecraft_type = [[Soyuz 7K-T]]
| manufacturer = [[Energia (corporation)|NPO Energia]]
| launch_mass = 6800 kg
| landing_mass =

| launch_date = 10 January 1978, 12:26:00 UTC
| launch_rocket = [[Soyuz-U|Soyuz-U s/n D15000-106]]
| launch_site = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]], [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1|Site 1/5]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/sites/baiurlc1.htm|title=Baikonur LC1|access-date=2009-03-04 |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090415160730/http://www.astronautix.com/sites/baiurlc1.htm|archive-date=2009-04-15}}</ref>
| launch_contractor = [[Energia (corporation)|OKB-1]]

| landing_date = 16 March 1978, 11:18:47 UTC
| landing_site = 310 km at west of [[Nur-Sultan|Tselinograd]]

| crew_size = 2
| crew_launching = [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]]<br/>[[Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov|Oleg Makarov]]
| crew_landing = [[Yuri Romanenko]]<br/>[[Georgy Grechko]]
| crew_callsign = {{lang|ru|Памир}} {{lang|ru-Latn|Pamir}}<br/>[[Pamir Mountains]]

| crew_photo =
| crew_photo_caption =

| orbit_epoch =
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
| orbit_periapsis = 198.9 km
| orbit_apoapsis = 253.8 km
| orbit_inclination = 51.65°
| orbit_period = 88.73 minutes
| apsis = gee

| docking =
{{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target = [[Salyut 6]]
| docking_type = dock
| docking_port =
| docking_date = 11 January 1978, 14:05:54 UTC
| undocking_date = 16 March 1978, 07:58:00 UTC

| time_docked =
}}

| previous_mission = [[Soyuz 26]]
| next_mission = [[Soyuz 28]]
| programme = [[Soyuz programme]]<br/><small>(Crewed missions)</small>
}}
}}


'''Soyuz 27''' ({{lang-ru|'''Союз 27'''}}, ''Union 27'') was a 1978 [[Soviet]] manned spacecraft which flew to the orbiting [[Salyut 6]] space station, during the mission [[Salyut 6 EP-1|EP-1]]. It was the third manned flight to the station, and the second successful docking. Once docked, it marked the first time that three spacecraft were docked together.
'''Soyuz 27''' ({{langx|ru|Союз 27}}, ''Union 27'') was a 1978 [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] crewed spacecraft which flew to the orbiting [[Salyut 6]] space station, during the mission [[Salyut 6 EP-1|EP-1]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-27.htm|title=Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz 27|first=Joachim|last=Becker|website=Spacefacts.de|access-date=10 August 2017}}</ref> It was the third crewed flight to the station, the second successful docking and the first visitation mission. Once docked, it marked the first time that three spacecraft were docked together.


The main function of the EP-1 mission was to swap Soyuz craft with the orbiting crew, in so doing freeing a docking port for a forthcoming supply tanker. [[Cosmonauts]] [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]] and [[Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov|Oleg Makarov]] returned to earth in the [[Soyuz 26]] spacecraft after spending five days on the station.
The main function of the EP-1 mission was to swap Soyuz craft with the orbiting crew, in so doing freeing a docking port for a forthcoming supply tanker. [[Cosmonauts]] [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]] and [[Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov|Oleg Makarov]] returned to Earth in the [[Soyuz 26]] spacecraft after spending five days on the station. The descent module is displayed at the [[Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics]] in [[Zhytomyr]], [[Ukraine]].<ref name="muspast">{{cite web|url=http://cosmosmuseum.info/index.php?way=information/information&information_id=16|title=Подорож у минуле|date=2013|website=Музей космонавтики ім. С.П. Корольова Житомирської обласної Ради|publisher=Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics|access-date=2016-07-17}}</ref>


==Crew==
==Crew==
{{Spaceflight crew
{{Spaceflight crew
|terminology = Cosmonaut
|terminology = Cosmonaut
|position1 = Commander
|crew1_up = [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]]
|flights1_up = First


|expedition1_up = [[Salyut 6 EP-1|EP-1]]
|position1 = Commander
|crew1_up = [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]]
|crew1_down = [[Yuri Romanenko]]
|flights1_up = First
|flights1_down = First
|expedition1_up = [[Salyut 6 EP-1|EP-1]]
|expedition1_down = [[Salyut 6 EO-1|EO-1]]
|crew1_down = [[Yuri Romanenko]]
|flights1_down = First
|expedition1_down = [[Salyut 6 EO-1|EO-1]]


|position2 = Flight Engineer
|position2 = Flight Engineer
|crew2_up = [[Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov|Oleg Makarov]]
|crew2_up = [[Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov|Oleg Makarov]]
|flights2_up = Third
|flights2_up = Third
|expedition2_up = [[Salyut 6 EP-1|EP-1]]
|expedition2_up = [[Salyut 6 EP-1|EP-1]]

|crew2_down = [[Georgi Grechko]]
|flights2_down = Second
|crew2_down = [[Georgy Grechko]]
|flights2_down = Second
|expedition2_down = [[Salyut 6 EO-1|EO-1]]
|expedition2_down = [[Salyut 6 EO-1|EO-1]]
}}
}}


===Backup crew===
===Backup crew===
{{Spaceflight crew
{{Spaceflight crew
|terminology = Cosmonaut
|terminology = Cosmonaut


|position1 = Commander
|position1 = Commander
|crew1_up = [[Vladimir Kovalyonok]]
|crew1_up = [[Vladimir Kovalyonok]]


|position2 = Flight Engineer
|position2 = Flight Engineer
|crew2_up = [[Aleksandr Ivanchenkov]]
|crew2_up = [[Aleksandr Ivanchenkov]]
|notes = The launching and landing crews had the same backups
|notes = The launching and landing crews had the same backups
}}
}}


==Mission parameters==
==Mission parameters==
*'''Mass:''' {{convert|6800|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
* '''Mass:''' {{convert|6800|kg}}
*'''Perigee:''' {{convert|198.9|km|mi|abbr=on}}
* '''Perigee:''' {{convert|198.9|km}}
*'''Apogee:''' {{convert|253.8|km|mi|abbr=on}}
* '''Apogee:''' {{convert|253.8|km}}
*'''Inclination:''' 51.65°
* '''Inclination:''' 51.65°
*'''Period:''' 88.73 minutes
* '''Period:''' 88.73 minutes

== External links ==
*http://www.astronautix.com/flights/soyuz27.htm
*http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-27.htm
*http://www.terra.es/personal/heimdall/eng/soyuz27.htm
*http://www.zarya.info/Diaries/Salyut6/Occupation1.htm
*http://books.nap.edu/books/0309085489/html/index.html


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Soviet Union|Spaceflight}}
* {{cite book|url=https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10531/leaving-earth-space-stations-rival-superpowers-and-the-quest-for |title=Leaving Earth: Space Stations, Rival Superpowers, and the Quest for Interplanetary Travel|first=Robert|last=Zimmerman|date=6 September 2003|access-date=10 August 2017|doi=10.17226/10531|isbn=978-0-309-09739-0}}


{{Soyuz}}
{{Soyuz}}


{{Orbital launches in 1978}}
[[Category:Manned Soyuz missions]]

[[Category:1978 in space exploration]]
[[Category:Crewed Soyuz missions]]
[[Category:1978 in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:1978 in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1978]]
[[Category:Spacecraft which reentered in 1978]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-U rockets]]



{{Spacecraft-stub}}
[[bg:Союз 27]]
[[cv:Союз-27]]
[[cs:Sojuz 27]]
[[de:Sojus 27]]
[[es:Soyuz 27]]
[[fr:Soyouz 27]]
[[it:Sojuz 27]]
[[hu:Szojuz–27]]
[[pl:Sojuz 27]]
[[pt:Soyuz 27]]
[[ru:Союз-27]]
[[sk:Sojuz 27]]
[[fi:Sojuz 27]]
[[sv:Sojuz 27]]

Latest revision as of 15:40, 23 October 2024

This article is about the Soyuz 27 spacecraft. For the crew launched in Soyuz 27, see Salyut 6 EP-1.

Soyuz 27
Mission typeCrewed mission to Salyut 6
OperatorOKB-1
COSPAR ID1978-003A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.10560
Mission duration65 days
Orbits completed1025
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftSoyuz s/n 44
Spacecraft typeSoyuz 7K-T
ManufacturerNPO Energia
Launch mass6800 kg
Crew
Crew size2
LaunchingVladimir Dzhanibekov
Oleg Makarov
LandingYuri Romanenko
Georgy Grechko
CallsignПамир Pamir
Pamir Mountains
Start of mission
Launch date10 January 1978, 12:26:00 UTC
RocketSoyuz-U s/n D15000-106
Launch siteBaikonur, Site 1/5[1]
ContractorOKB-1
End of mission
Landing date16 March 1978, 11:18:47 UTC
Landing site310 km at west of Tselinograd
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Perigee altitude198.9 km
Apogee altitude253.8 km
Inclination51.65°
Period88.73 minutes
Docking with Salyut 6
Docking date11 January 1978, 14:05:54 UTC
Undocking date16 March 1978, 07:58:00 UTC
Soyuz programme
(Crewed missions)

Soyuz 27 (Russian: Союз 27, Union 27) was a 1978 Soviet crewed spacecraft which flew to the orbiting Salyut 6 space station, during the mission EP-1.[2] It was the third crewed flight to the station, the second successful docking and the first visitation mission. Once docked, it marked the first time that three spacecraft were docked together.

The main function of the EP-1 mission was to swap Soyuz craft with the orbiting crew, in so doing freeing a docking port for a forthcoming supply tanker. Cosmonauts Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Oleg Makarov returned to Earth in the Soyuz 26 spacecraft after spending five days on the station. The descent module is displayed at the Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics in Zhytomyr, Ukraine.[3]

Crew

[edit]
Position Launching Cosmonaut Landing Cosmonaut
Commander Vladimir Dzhanibekov
EP-1
First spaceflight 		Yuri Romanenko
EO-1
First spaceflight
Flight Engineer Oleg Makarov
EP-1
Third spaceflight 		Georgy Grechko
EO-1
Second spaceflight

Backup crew

[edit]
Position Cosmonaut
Commander Vladimir Kovalyonok
Flight Engineer Aleksandr Ivanchenkov
The launching and landing crews had the same backups

Mission parameters

[edit]
  • Mass: 6,800 kilograms (15,000 lb)
  • Perigee: 198.9 kilometres (123.6 mi)
  • Apogee: 253.8 kilometres (157.7 mi)
  • Inclination: 51.65°
  • Period: 88.73 minutes

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Baikonur LC1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2009. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
  2. ^ Becker, Joachim. "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz 27". Spacefacts.de. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
  3. ^ "Подорож у минуле". Музей космонавтики ім. С.П. Корольова Житомирської обласної Ради. Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics. 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
[edit]


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