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Who? Who? ministry: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}
[[Image:14th Earl of Derby.jpg|thumb|right|[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Lord Derby]]]]
[[Image:14th Earl of Derby.jpg|thumb|right|[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Lord Derby]]]]
⚫
[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby]] led the "'''Who? Who?'''" '''ministry''', a short-lived British [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] government which was in power for a matter of months in 1852. Lord Derby was Prime Minister and [[Benjamin Disraeli]] served as [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]. It marked the first time the [[protectionist]] wing of the Conservative Party had taken office since the [[Corn Laws]] schism of 1846. It is also called the '''First Derby–Disraeli ministry'''.<ref>{{cite book |title=An advanced history of Great Britain from the earliest times to the death of Edward VII |url=https://archive.org/details/b24850615 |last=Tout |first=T. F. |author-link=Thomas Frederick Tout |publisher=Longmans, Green |location=New York |year=1910 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/b24850615/page/740 740-741] |ol=13991885M }}</ref>
[[File:Duke of Wellington Photo cleaned.jpg|thumb|upright|Former Prime Minister [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Wellington]] gave the ministry its name in shouting "Who? Who?" as each new cabinet member was announced in the [[House of Lords]]. He died two months before the ministry collapsed.]]
⚫
[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby]] led the "'''Who? Who?'''" '''ministry''', a short-lived British [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] government which was in power for a matter of months in 1852. Lord Derby was Prime Minister and [[Benjamin Disraeli]] served as [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]. It marked the first time the [[protectionist]] wing of the Conservative Party had taken office since the [[Corn Laws]] schism of 1846. It is also called the '''first Derby–Disraeli ministry'''.<ref>{{cite book |title=An advanced history of Great Britain from the earliest times to the death of Edward VII |last=Tout |first=T. F. |authorlink=Thomas Frederick Tout |publisher=Longmans, Green |location=New York |year=1910 |pages=740-741 |ol=13991885M }}</ref>


Early in 1852 [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington]], by then very deaf, gave Derby's first government its nickname by shouting "'''Who? Who?'''" as the list of inexperienced Cabinet Ministers was read out in the House of Lords.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historyhome.co.uk/pms/derby.htm |title=Biography-Edward George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869) |last=Bloy |first=Marjorie |work=A Web of English History |year=2011 |accessdate=6 April 2011| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110514090500/http://www.historyhome.co.uk/pms/derby.htm| archivedate= 14 May 2011<!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyhome.co.uk/pms/derby.htm|title=A Web of English History|accessdate=4 June 2011}}</ref>
Early in 1852 [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington]], by then very deaf, gave Derby's first government its nickname by shouting "Who? Who?" as the list of inexperienced cabinet ministers was read out in the House of Lords.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historyhome.co.uk/pms/derby.htm |title=Biography-Edward George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869) |last=Bloy |first=Marjorie |work=A Web of English History |year=2011 |access-date=6 April 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110514090500/http://www.historyhome.co.uk/pms/derby.htm| archive-date= 14 May 2011| url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyhome.co.uk/pms/derby.htm|title=A Web of English History|access-date=4 June 2011}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
{{see also|1852 vote of no confidence in the government of Lord Derby}}
{{see also|1852 vote of no confidence in the government of Lord Derby}}
After the fall of [[John Russell, 1st Earl Russell|Lord John Russell]]'s [[Whig Government 1846-1852|Whig government]] in early 1852, the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] leader Lord Derby formed a government. The conservatives had been weakened by the defection of the [[Peelite]]s, and many of the new Cabinet ministers were men of little experience. The government became known as the Who? Who? Ministry due to the lack of prominence of its ministers. The government was in a significant minority, and lasted less than a year, collapsing in December. The [[British Whig Party|Whigs]] and Peelites then formed a [[Coalition Government 1852-1855|coalition government]] under the Peelite leader [[George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen|Lord Aberdeen]].
[[File:Portrait of the Duke of Wellington, 1844, by Antoine Claudet.jpg|thumb|Former Prime Minister [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Wellington]] (''pictured in 1844'') gave the ministry its name in shouting "Who? Who?" as each new cabinet member was announced in the [[House of Lords]]. He died two months before the ministry collapsed.]]
After the fall of [[John Russell, 1st Earl Russell|Lord John Russell]]'s [[Whig Government 1846-1852|Whig government]] in early 1852, the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] leader Lord Derby formed a government. The Conservatives had been weakened by the defection of the [[Peelite]]s, and many of the new Cabinet ministers were men of little experience. The government became known as the "Who? Who?" Ministry after Wellington's comments, due to the lack of prominence of its ministers. The government was in a significant minority, and lasted less than a year, collapsing in December. The [[British Whig Party|Whigs]] and Peelites then formed a [[Coalition Government 1852-1855|coalition government]] under the Peelite leader [[George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen|Lord Aberdeen]].


Though the government had little impact, it attracted derision through its plethora of new political names, which demonstrated the relative inexperience of the party. Only four members of the Cabinet (Derby himself, St Leonards, Lonsdale, and Herries) were existing [[Privy Councillor]]s and many others were complete political unknowns.
Though the government had little impact, it attracted derision through its plethora of new political names, which demonstrated the relative inexperience of the party. Only four members of the Cabinet (Derby himself, St Leonards, Lonsdale, and Herries) were existing [[Privy Councillor]]s and many others were complete political unknowns.
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==Cabinet==
==Cabinet==


{{Sticky header}}
===February 1852 – December 1852===
{| class=wikitable
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi"

|-
|-
!Office||Name||Term
! Office
! Minister
! Tenure

|-
|-
|[[First Lord of the Treasury]]<br>[[Leader of the House of Lords]]||'''[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|The Earl of Derby]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[First Lord of the Treasury]]<br/>[[Leader of the House of Lords]]
| '''[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Lord Chancellor]]||'''[[Edward Burtenshaw Sugden, 1st Baron St Leonards|The Lord St Leonards]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[Lord Chancellor]]
| '''[[Edward Burtenshaw Sugden, 1st Baron St Leonards|Edward Burtenshaw Sugden, Lord St Leonards]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Lord President of the Council]]||'''[[William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale|The Earl of Lonsdale]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[Lord President of the Council]]
| '''[[William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale|William Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Lord Privy Seal]]||'''[[James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury|The Marquess of Salisbury]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[Lord Privy Seal]]
| '''[[James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury|James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Secretary of State for the Home Department|Home Secretary]]||'''[[Spencer Horatio Walpole|Spencer H. Walpole]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[Secretary of State for the Home Department|Home Secretary]]
| '''[[Spencer Horatio Walpole|Spencer H. Walpole]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs|Foreign Secretary]]||'''[[James Howard Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury|The Earl of Malmesbury]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (UK)|Foreign Secretary]]
| '''[[James Howard Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury|James Howard Harris, Earl of Malmesbury]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Secretary of State for War and the Colonies]]||'''[[John Pakington, 1st Baron Hampton|Sir John Pakington, Bt]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[Secretary of State for War and the Colonies]]
| '''[[John Pakington, 1st Baron Hampton|Sir John Pakington, Bt]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[First Lord of the Admiralty]]||'''[[Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland|The Duke of Northumberland]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[First Lord of the Admiralty]]
| '''[[Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland|Algernon Percy, Duke of Northumberland]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[President of the Board of Control]]||'''[[John Charles Herries|J.C. Herries]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[President of the Board of Control]]
| '''[[John Charles Herries|J.C. Herries]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]<br>[[Leader of the House of Commons]]||'''[[Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield|Benjamin Disraeli]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]<br/>[[Leader of the House of Commons]]
| '''[[Benjamin Disraeli]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[President of the Board of Trade]]||'''[[J.W. Henley]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[President of the Board of Trade]]
| '''[[J. W. Henley]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[First Commissioner of Works]]||'''[[John Manners, 7th Duke of Rutland|Lord John Manners]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[First Commissioner of Works]]
| '''[[John Manners, 7th Duke of Rutland|Lord John Manners]]'''
| February–December 1852

|-
|-
|[[United Kingdom Postmaster General|Postmaster-General]]||'''[[Charles Philip Yorke, 4th Earl of Hardwicke|The Earl of Hardwicke]]'''||February–December 1852
| [[United Kingdom Postmaster General|Postmaster-General]]
| '''[[Charles Philip Yorke, 4th Earl of Hardwicke|Charles Philip Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke]]'''
| February–December 1852

|}
|}
{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}
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==List of ministers==
==List of ministers==
Cabinet members are listed in '''bold''' face.
Cabinet members are listed in '''bold''' face.
{{Sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi"
!Office!!Name!!Date!!Notes
! Office
! Minister
! Tenure
! Notes

|-
|-
|[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]], <br> [[First Lord of the Treasury]] <br> and [[Leader of the House of Lords]]||'''[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|The Earl of Derby]]'''||23 February 1852 – 17 December 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]],<br/>[[First Lord of the Treasury]]<br/>and [[Leader of the House of Lords]]
| '''[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby]]'''
| 23 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] <br> and [[Leader of the House of Commons]]||'''[[Benjamin Disraeli]]'''||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]<br/>and [[Leader of the House of Commons]]
| '''[[Benjamin Disraeli]]'''
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury]]||[[William Forbes Mackenzie]]||2 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury]]
| [[William Forbes Mackenzie]]
| 2 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Financial Secretary to the Treasury]]||[[George Alexander Hamilton]]||2 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Financial Secretary to the Treasury]]
| [[George Alexander Hamilton]]
| 2 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Lord of the Treasury|Junior Lords of the Treasury]]||[[Richard Temple-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos|Marquess of Chandos]]||28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852||rowspan=3|&nbsp;
|rowspan=3| [[Lord of the Treasury|Junior Lords of the Treasury]]
| [[Richard Temple-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos|Richard Temple-Grenville, Marquess of Chandos]]
| 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
| rowspan=3|&nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Lord Henry Lennox]]||28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[Lord Henry Lennox]]
| 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Thomas Bateson, 1st Baron Deramore|Thomas Bateson]]||28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[Thomas Bateson, 1st Baron Deramore|Thomas Bateson]]
| 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Lord Chancellor]]||'''[[Edward Sugden, 1st Baron St Leonards|The Lord St Leonards]]'''||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Lord Chancellor]]
| '''[[Edward Sugden, 1st Baron St Leonards|Edward Sugden, Lord St Leonards]]'''
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Lord President of the Council]]||'''[[William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale|The Earl of Lonsdale]]'''||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Lord President of the Council]]
| '''[[William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale|William Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale]]'''
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Lord Privy Seal]]||'''[[James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury|The Marquess of Salisbury]]'''||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Lord Privy Seal]]
| '''[[James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury|James Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury]]'''
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Secretary of State for the Home Department]]||'''[[Spencer Horatio Walpole]]'''||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Secretary of State for the Home Department]]
| '''[[Spencer Horatio Walpole]]'''
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department]]||[[William Jolliffe, 1st Baron Hylton|Sir William Joliffe, Bt]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department]]
| [[William Jolliffe, 1st Baron Hylton|William Joliffe, Bt]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]]||'''[[James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury|The Earl of Malmesbury]]'''||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (UK)|Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]]
| '''[[James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury|James Harris, Earl of Malmesbury]]'''
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]]||[[Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby|Lord Stanley]]||18 May 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]]
| [[Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby|Lord Edward Stanley]]
| 18 May 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Secretary of State for War and the Colonies]]||'''[[John Pakington, 1st Baron Hampton|Sir John Pakington, Bt]]'''||17 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Secretary of State for War and the Colonies]]
| '''[[John Pakington, 1st Baron Hampton|John Pakington, Bt]]'''
| 17 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies]]||[[John Cuffe, 3rd Earl of Desart|The Earl of Desart]]||2 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies]]
| [[John Cuffe, 3rd Earl of Desart|John Cuffe, Earl of Desart]]
| 2 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[First Lord of the Admiralty]]||'''[[Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland|The Duke of Northumberland]]'''||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[First Lord of the Admiralty]]
| '''[[Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland|Algernon Percy, Duke of Northumberland]]'''
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[First Secretary of the Admiralty]]||[[Augustus Stafford]]||3 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[First Secretary of the Admiralty]]
| [[Augustus Stafford]]
| 3 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Civil Lord of the Admiralty]]||[[Arthur Duncombe (1806-1889)|Arthur Duncombe]]||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Civil Lord of the Admiralty]]
| [[Arthur Duncombe (Royal Navy officer)|Arthur Duncombe]]
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[President of the Board of Control]]||'''[[J. C. Herries]]'''||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[President of the Board of Control]]
| '''[[J. C. Herries]]'''
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Secretary to the Board of Control|Joint Secretaries to the Board of Control]]||[[Henry Baillie]]||1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852||rowspan=2|&nbsp;
|rowspan=2| [[Secretary to the Board of Control|Joint Secretaries to the Board of Control]]
| [[Henry Baillie]]
| 1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| rowspan=2|&nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Charles Cumming-Bruce|Charles Bruce]]||1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[Charles Cumming-Bruce|Charles Bruce]]
| 1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[United Kingdom Postmaster General|Postmaster-General]]||'''[[Charles Yorke, 4th Earl of Hardwicke|The Earl of Hardwicke]]'''||1 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[United Kingdom Postmaster General|Postmaster-General]]
| '''[[Charles Yorke, 4th Earl of Hardwicke|Charles Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke]]'''
| 1 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[President of the Board of Trade]]||'''[[J. W. Henley]]'''||17 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[President of the Board of Trade]]
| '''[[J. W. Henley]]'''
| 17 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Vice-President of the Board of Trade]]||[[Charles Edward Abbot, 2nd Baron Colchester|The Lord Colchester]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Vice-President of the Board of Trade]]
| [[Charles Edward Abbot, 2nd Baron Colchester|Charles Edward Abbot, Lord Colchester]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[First Commissioner of Works]]||'''[[John Manners, 7th Duke of Rutland|Lord John Manners]]'''||4 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[First Commissioner of Works]]
| '''[[John Manners, 7th Duke of Rutland|Lord John Manners]]'''
| 4 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Chief Secretary for Ireland]]||[[Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo|Lord Naas]]||1 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Chief Secretary for Ireland]]
| [[Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo|Richard Bourke, Lord Naas]]
| 1 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland]]||[[Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton|The Earl of Eglinton]]||1 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland]]
| [[Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton|Archibald Montgomerie, Earl of Eglinton]]
| 1 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]]||[[Robert Adam Christopher]]||1 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]]
| [[Robert Adam Christopher]]
| 1 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Master-General of the Ordnance]]||[[Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge|The Viscount Hardinge]]||1 March 1852||&nbsp;
|rowspan=2| [[Master-General of the Ordnance]]
| [[Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge|Henry Hardinge, Viscount Hardinge]]
| 1 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Fitzroy Somerset, 1st Baron Raglan|Lord Fitzroy Somerset]]||30 September 1852||created Lord Raglan 20 October 1852
| [[Fitzroy Somerset, 1st Baron Raglan|Lord Fitzroy Somerset]]
| 30 September 1852
| created Lord Raglan 20 October 1852

|-
|-
|[[Surveyor-General of the Ordnance]]||[[George Berkeley (British Army officer)|Sir George Berkeley]]||18 June 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Surveyor-General of the Ordnance]]
| [[George Berkeley (British Army officer)|George Berkeley]]
| 18 June 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Clerk of the Ordnance]]||[[Francis Plunkett Dunne]]||5 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Clerk of the Ordnance]]
| [[Francis Plunkett Dunne]]
| 5 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Storekeeper of the Ordnance]]||[[Thomas Hastings (admiral)|Sir Thomas Hastings]]||25 July 1845||continued in office
| [[Storekeeper of the Ordnance]]
| [[Thomas Hastings (admiral)|Thomas Hastings]]
| 25 July 1845
| continued in office

|-
|-
|[[Paymaster-General]]||[[Charles Abbot, 2nd Baron Colchester|The Lord Colchester]]||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Paymaster General]]
| [[Charles Abbot, 2nd Baron Colchester|Fitzroy Somerset, Lord Colchester]]
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[President of the Poor Law Board]]||[[John Trollope, 1st Baron Kesteven|Sir John Trollope, Bt]]||1 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[President of the Poor Law Board]]
| [[John Trollope, 1st Baron Kesteven|John Trollope, Bt]]
| 1 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Parliamentary Secretary to the Poor Law Board]]||[[Frederick Knight (MP)|Frederick Knight]]||3 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Parliamentary Secretary to the Poor Law Board]]
| [[Frederick Knight (MP)|Frederick Knight]]
| 3 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Secretary at War]]||[[William Beresford]]||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Secretary at War]]
| [[William Beresford (politician)|William Beresford]]
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Attorney General for England and Wales|Attorney General]]||[[Frederic Thesiger, 1st Baron Chelmsford|Sir Frederic Thesiger]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Attorney General for England and Wales|Attorney General]]
| [[Frederic Thesiger, 1st Baron Chelmsford|Frederic Thesiger]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Solicitor General for England and Wales|Solicitor General]]||[[Fitzroy Kelly|Sir Fitzroy Kelly]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Solicitor General for England and Wales|Solicitor General]]
| [[Fitzroy Kelly]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Judge Advocate General (United Kingdom)|Judge Advocate General]]||[[George Bankes]]||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Judge Advocate General (United Kingdom)|Judge Advocate General]]
| [[George Bankes]]
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Lord Advocate]]||[[Adam Anderson, Lord Anderson|Adam Anderson]]||28 February 1852||rowspan=2|&nbsp;
|rowspan=2| [[Lord Advocate]]
| [[Adam Anderson, Lord Anderson|Adam Anderson]]
| 28 February 1852
| rowspan=2|&nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[John Inglis, Lord Glencorse|John Inglis]]||19 May 1852
| [[John Inglis, Lord Glencorse|John Inglis]]
| 19 May 1852

|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Solicitor General for Scotland]]||[[John Inglis, Lord Glencorse|John Inglis]]||28 February 1852||rowspan=2|&nbsp;
|rowspan=2| [[Solicitor General for Scotland]]
| [[John Inglis, Lord Glencorse|John Inglis]]
| 28 February 1852
| rowspan=2|&nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Charles Neaves, Lord Neaves|Charles Neaves]]||24 May 1852
| [[Charles Neaves, Lord Neaves|Charles Neaves]]
| 24 May 1852

|-
|-
|[[Attorney General for Ireland]]||[[Joseph Napier (baronet)|Joseph Napier]]||February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Attorney General for Ireland]]
| [[Joseph Napier (baronet)|Joseph Napier]]
| February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Solicitor General for Ireland]]||[[James Whiteside]]||February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Solicitor General for Ireland]]
| [[James Whiteside]]
| February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Lord Steward of the Household]]||[[James Graham, 4th Duke of Montrose|The Duke of Montrose]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Lord Steward of the Household]]
| [[James Graham, 4th Duke of Montrose|James Graham, Duke of Montrose]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Lord Chamberlain of the Household]]||[[Brownlow Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Exeter|The Marquess of Exeter]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Lord Chamberlain of the Household]]
| [[Brownlow Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Exeter|Brownlow Cecil, Marquess of Exeter]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Vice-Chamberlain of the Household]]||[[Orlando Bridgeman, 3rd Earl of Bradford|Viscount Newport]]||5 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Vice-Chamberlain of the Household]]
| [[Orlando Bridgeman, 3rd Earl of Bradford|Orlando Bridgeman, Viscount Newport]]
| 5 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Master of the Horse]]||[[George Child-Villiers, 5th Earl of Jersey|The Earl of Jersey]]||1 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Master of the Horse]]
| [[George Child-Villiers, 5th Earl of Jersey|George Child-Villiers, Earl of Jersey]]
| 1 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Treasurer of the Household]]||[[Lord Claud Hamilton (1813-1884)|Lord Claud Hamilton]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Treasurer of the Household]]
| [[Lord Claud Hamilton (1813-1884)|Lord Claud Hamilton]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Comptroller of the Household]]||[[George Weld-Forester, 3rd Baron Forester|George Weld-Forester]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Comptroller of the Household]]
| [[George Weld-Forester, 3rd Baron Forester|George Weld-Forester]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms]]||[[John Montagu, 7th Earl of Sandwich|The Earl of Sandwich]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms]]
| [[John Montagu, 7th Earl of Sandwich|John Montagu, Earl of Sandwich]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard]]||[[William FitzGerald-de Ros, 23rd Baron de Ros|The Lord de Ros]]||27 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard]]
| [[William FitzGerald-de Ros, 23rd Baron de Ros|Lord William FitzGerald-de Ros]]
| 27 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Master of the Buckhounds]]||[[James St Clair-Erskine, 3rd Earl of Rosslyn|The Earl of Rosslyn]]||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Master of the Buckhounds]]
| [[James St Clair-Erskine, 3rd Earl of Rosslyn|James St Clair-Erskine, Earl of Rosslyn]]
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Chief Equerry and Clerk Marshal]]||[[Charles Colville, 1st Viscount Colville of Culross|The Lord Colville of Culross]]||28 February 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Chief Equerry and Clerk Marshal]]
| [[Charles Colville, 1st Viscount Colville of Culross|Lord Charles Colville of Culross]]
| 28 February 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[Mistress of the Robes]]||[[Anne Murray, Duchess of Atholl|The Duchess of Atholl]]||16 March 1852||&nbsp;
| [[Mistress of the Robes]]
| [[Anne Murray, Duchess of Atholl]]
| 16 March 1852
| &nbsp;

|-
|-
|rowspan=7|[[Lord-in-waiting|Lords in Waiting]]||[[George Douglas, 17th Earl of Morton|The Earl of Morton]]||2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852||rowspan=7|&nbsp;
|rowspan=7| [[Lord-in-waiting|Lords in Waiting]]
| [[George Douglas, 17th Earl of Morton|George Douglas, Earl of Morton]]
| 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| rowspan=7|&nbsp;

|-
|-
|[[James Grimston, 2nd Earl of Verulam|The Earl of Verulam]]||2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[James Grimston, 2nd Earl of Verulam|James Grimston, Earl of Verulam]]
| 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Cornwallis Maude, 3rd Viscount Hawarden|The Viscount Hawarden]]||2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[Cornwallis Maude, 3rd Viscount Hawarden|Cornwallis Maude, Viscount Hawarden]]
| 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[George Monckton-Arundell, 6th Viscount Galway|The Viscount Galway]]||2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[George Monckton-Arundell, 6th Viscount Galway|George Monckton-Arundell, Viscount Galway]]
| 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Edward Crofton, 2nd Baron Crofton|The Lord Crofton]]||2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[Edward Crofton, 2nd Baron Crofton|Edward Crofton, Lord Crofton]]
| 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Henry Hepburne-Scott, 7th Lord Polwarth|The Lord Polwarth]]||2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[Henry Hepburne-Scott, 7th Lord Polwarth|Henry Hepburne-Scott, Lord Polwarth]]
| 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

|-
|-
|[[Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury|The Earl Talbot]]||2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
| [[Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury|Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, Earl Talbot]]
| 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

|}
|}


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[[Category:Cabinets disestablished in 1852]]
[[Category:Cabinets disestablished in 1852]]
[[Category:1850s in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1850s in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby]]
[[Category:Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington]]

Latest revision as of 11:03, 9 September 2024

Lord Derby

Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby led the "Who? Who?" ministry, a short-lived British Conservative government which was in power for a matter of months in 1852. Lord Derby was Prime Minister and Benjamin Disraeli served as Chancellor of the Exchequer. It marked the first time the protectionist wing of the Conservative Party had taken office since the Corn Laws schism of 1846. It is also called the First Derby–Disraeli ministry.[1]

Early in 1852 Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, by then very deaf, gave Derby's first government its nickname by shouting "Who? Who?" as the list of inexperienced cabinet ministers was read out in the House of Lords.[2][3]

History

[edit]
See also: 1852 vote of no confidence in the government of Lord Derby
Former Prime Minister Wellington (pictured in 1844) gave the ministry its name in shouting "Who? Who?" as each new cabinet member was announced in the House of Lords. He died two months before the ministry collapsed.

After the fall of Lord John Russell's Whig government in early 1852, the Conservative leader Lord Derby formed a government. The Conservatives had been weakened by the defection of the Peelites, and many of the new Cabinet ministers were men of little experience. The government became known as the "Who? Who?" Ministry after Wellington's comments, due to the lack of prominence of its ministers. The government was in a significant minority, and lasted less than a year, collapsing in December. The Whigs and Peelites then formed a coalition government under the Peelite leader Lord Aberdeen.

Though the government had little impact, it attracted derision through its plethora of new political names, which demonstrated the relative inexperience of the party. Only four members of the Cabinet (Derby himself, St Leonards, Lonsdale, and Herries) were existing Privy Councillors and many others were complete political unknowns.

Cabinet

[edit]
Office Minister Tenure
First Lord of the Treasury
Leader of the House of Lords 		Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby February–December 1852
Lord Chancellor Edward Burtenshaw Sugden, Lord St Leonards February–December 1852
Lord President of the Council William Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale February–December 1852
Lord Privy Seal James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury February–December 1852
Home Secretary Spencer H. Walpole February–December 1852
Foreign Secretary James Howard Harris, Earl of Malmesbury February–December 1852
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies Sir John Pakington, Bt February–December 1852
First Lord of the Admiralty Algernon Percy, Duke of Northumberland February–December 1852
President of the Board of Control J.C. Herries February–December 1852
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Leader of the House of Commons 		Benjamin Disraeli February–December 1852
President of the Board of Trade J. W. Henley February–December 1852
First Commissioner of Works Lord John Manners February–December 1852
Postmaster-General Charles Philip Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke February–December 1852

List of ministers

[edit]

Cabinet members are listed in bold face.

Office Minister Tenure Notes
Prime Minister,
First Lord of the Treasury
and Leader of the House of Lords 		Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby 23 February 1852 – 17 December 1852  
Chancellor of the Exchequer
and Leader of the House of Commons 		Benjamin Disraeli 27 February 1852  
Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury William Forbes Mackenzie 2 March 1852  
Financial Secretary to the Treasury George Alexander Hamilton 2 March 1852  
Junior Lords of the Treasury Richard Temple-Grenville, Marquess of Chandos 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852  
Lord Henry Lennox 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
Thomas Bateson 28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
Lord Chancellor Edward Sugden, Lord St Leonards 27 February 1852  
Lord President of the Council William Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale 27 February 1852  
Lord Privy Seal James Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury 27 February 1852  
Secretary of State for the Home Department Spencer Horatio Walpole 27 February 1852  
Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department William Joliffe, Bt 27 February 1852  
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs James Harris, Earl of Malmesbury 27 February 1852  
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Lord Edward Stanley 18 May 1852  
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies John Pakington, Bt 17 February 1852  
Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies John Cuffe, Earl of Desart 2 March 1852  
First Lord of the Admiralty Algernon Percy, Duke of Northumberland 28 February 1852  
First Secretary of the Admiralty Augustus Stafford 3 March 1852  
Civil Lord of the Admiralty Arthur Duncombe 28 February 1852  
President of the Board of Control J. C. Herries 28 February 1852  
Joint Secretaries to the Board of Control Henry Baillie 1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852  
Charles Bruce 1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Postmaster-General Charles Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke 1 March 1852  
President of the Board of Trade J. W. Henley 17 February 1852  
Vice-President of the Board of Trade Charles Edward Abbot, Lord Colchester 27 February 1852  
First Commissioner of Works Lord John Manners 4 March 1852  
Chief Secretary for Ireland Richard Bourke, Lord Naas 1 March 1852  
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Archibald Montgomerie, Earl of Eglinton 1 March 1852  
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Robert Adam Christopher 1 March 1852  
Master-General of the Ordnance Henry Hardinge, Viscount Hardinge 1 March 1852  
Lord Fitzroy Somerset 30 September 1852 created Lord Raglan 20 October 1852
Surveyor-General of the Ordnance George Berkeley 18 June 1852  
Clerk of the Ordnance Francis Plunkett Dunne 5 March 1852  
Storekeeper of the Ordnance Thomas Hastings 25 July 1845 continued in office
Paymaster General Fitzroy Somerset, Lord Colchester 28 February 1852  
President of the Poor Law Board John Trollope, Bt 1 March 1852  
Parliamentary Secretary to the Poor Law Board Frederick Knight 3 March 1852  
Secretary at War William Beresford 28 February 1852  
Attorney General Frederic Thesiger 27 February 1852  
Solicitor General Fitzroy Kelly 27 February 1852  
Judge Advocate General George Bankes 28 February 1852  
Lord Advocate Adam Anderson 28 February 1852  
John Inglis 19 May 1852
Solicitor General for Scotland John Inglis 28 February 1852  
Charles Neaves 24 May 1852
Attorney General for Ireland Joseph Napier February 1852  
Solicitor General for Ireland James Whiteside February 1852  
Lord Steward of the Household James Graham, Duke of Montrose 27 February 1852  
Lord Chamberlain of the Household Brownlow Cecil, Marquess of Exeter 27 February 1852  
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household Orlando Bridgeman, Viscount Newport 5 March 1852  
Master of the Horse George Child-Villiers, Earl of Jersey 1 March 1852  
Treasurer of the Household Lord Claud Hamilton 27 February 1852  
Comptroller of the Household George Weld-Forester 27 February 1852  
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms John Montagu, Earl of Sandwich 27 February 1852  
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard Lord William FitzGerald-de Ros 27 February 1852  
Master of the Buckhounds James St Clair-Erskine, Earl of Rosslyn 28 February 1852  
Chief Equerry and Clerk Marshal Lord Charles Colville of Culross 28 February 1852  
Mistress of the Robes Anne Murray, Duchess of Atholl 16 March 1852  
Lords in Waiting George Douglas, Earl of Morton 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852  
James Grimston, Earl of Verulam 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Cornwallis Maude, Viscount Hawarden 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
George Monckton-Arundell, Viscount Galway 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Edward Crofton, Lord Crofton 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Henry Hepburne-Scott, Lord Polwarth 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, Earl Talbot 2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Tout, T. F. (1910). An advanced history of Great Britain from the earliest times to the death of Edward VII. New York: Longmans, Green. pp. 740-741. OL 13991885M.
  2. ^ Bloy, Marjorie (2011). "Biography-Edward George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869)". A Web of English History. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2011.
  3. ^ "A Web of English History". Retrieved 4 June 2011.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • C. Cook and B. Keith, British Historical Facts 1830–1900
[edit]
Preceded by Government of the United Kingdom
1852 		Succeeded by
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