Mari Abad
Mariabad
Gulshani Hazara | |
|---|---|
Town | |
  Mariabad Mariabad, Alamdar Road Quetta, Pakistan | |
| Coordinates: 30°10′52″N 67°01′59″E / 30.181174°N 67.033081°E | |
| Country |  Pakistan |
| Province | Balochistan |
| District | Quetta District |
| Government | |
| • Nazim | Mohammad Raza Wakil, Mirza, Bostan Kishtmand |
| • Wazir | From Hazara Democratic Party (Abdul Khaliq Hazara) |
| • Political Leader | Tahir Khan Hazara |
| Population (2018) | |
| • Total | 500,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
Mariabad (Hazaragi: مری آباد) is an inner eastern suburb of Quetta, capital of Pakistan's Balochistan province.[1][2]
It is the most populous area of Quetta, with a population of almost half a million. Most of the population are ethnic Hazara people who belong to the Shia sect of Islam. Hazaras are believed to be the descendants of Mongols or have Turko-Mongol ancestry and are easily identifiable from their distinct facial features and high cheek bones.[1][3]
This Hazara community has been targeted by sectarian extremists, using suicide bombings and targeted killings. More than 200 were killed in 2013.[1] Pakistani authorities took some actions to stem the violence against the Hazara community by confining the community behind some newly-built walls. Then the authorities placed military checkpoints along these walls where the soldiers stop and check people from other areas of the city entering the Hazara-community areas including Mari Abad. The other Hazara-majority neighborhood in Quetta city is Hazara Town.[1]
This place is the birthplace of many Hazara political, social, military, writers, sports personalities of Quetta city. It is quite famous for its cleanliness compared to other places around it.
History of Hazaras establishment in Balochistan
[edit]The first contact between the British and the Hazaras was just before the First Afghan War, when some Hazaras served in "Broadfoot's Sappers" (British Scouts) from 1839–1840. This sappers company participated in the First Anglo-Afghan War also [citation needed]. Hazaras also worked in the agriculture farms in Sindh and construction of Sukkur barrage [citation needed]. In his seminal book War and Migration, Alessandro Monsutti classifies the Hazara migration to Balochistan in the following phases:
1878–91
[edit]Historically, the Dari-speaking Hazara people have lived in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran.[3] Following the Second Anglo-Afghan War, the first Hazaras came to Quetta from Afghanistan to seek employment in British-run companies under the Raj. They are thought to have worked on the building of roads and the Bolan Pass railway as well as enlisting in the British Army of India. At that time, there could have been no more than a few hundred Hazaras in Balochistan.
1891–1901
[edit]The subjugation of Hazarajat by Abdur Rahman,[3] between 1891 and 1893, triggered a mass exodus from Afghanistan of Hazaras to Turkestan, Khorasan, and Balochistan.
1901–33
[edit]The situation in Afghanistan returned to normal under Habibullah (1901–1919), the son of Abdur Rahman. He offered amnesty to the Hazaras but this proved to be of little help in improving the lot of the Hazara community in Afghanistan. In 1904, the 106th Hazara Pioneers, a separate regiment for the Hazaras formed by the British, offered greater careers prospects, social recognition and economic success.[3]
1933–71
[edit]The regiment of Hazara Pioneers was disbanded in 1933. Deprived of this social and professional outlet, Hazaras went to settle in Quetta between the 1930s and 1960s, although the process of migration never completely dried up.
1971–78
[edit]Following the 1971 drought in Afghanistan, Hazaras then settled in Quetta or went to Iran in search of work. Between 1973 and 1978, tensions over the Pashtunistan issue between Pakistan and the Afghan regime, were an additional factor in the Hazara migration since President Daoud Khan of Afghanistan saw the Hazara as Pakistan's allies.
After 1978
[edit]Following the Communist coup in April 1978 and the Soviet Union intervention in December 1979 in Afghanistan, the migratory movement to Pakistan assumed hitherto unprecedented dimensions.
1998-2001
[edit]After the Taliban took over in Afghanistan, They killed thousands of Hazaras in Bamiyan, Yakaolang and Mazar-e-Sharif.[3]
See also
[edit]- Hazara Town
- Hazara Democratic Party
- Persecution of Hazara people in Quetta
- General Mohammad Musa Khan Hazara
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Secunder Kermani (12 December 2017). "Quetta's Hazara: The community caged in its own city". BBC.com website. Archived from the original on 6 February 2024. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
- ^ "Towns & unions in the City District of Quetta (Mari Abad or 'Marriabad' listed under title Zarghoon Town)". National Reconstruction Bureau, Government of Pakistan website. Archived from the original on 9 February 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "A brief history of Hazara persecution". The Friday Times newspaper. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
Neighbourhoods of Quetta | ||
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Administrations: Quetta Division and Quetta District | ||
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| Towns and councils | ||
| Localities | ||
Website: Quetta District at NRB | ||
