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Warren Farrell

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Warren Farrell
Farrell in 2021
Farrell in 2021
BornWarren Thomas Farrell
(1943-06-26) June 26, 1943 (age 81)
Queens, New York, U.S.
OccupationAuthor
Alma materNYU, UCLA, Montclair State University
PeriodContemporary
GenrePsychological, social, political
SubjectMen's/women's/fathers' issues, gender, couples' communication, child custody, boy crisis
Literary movementWomen's movement
men's movement
fathers' movement
SpouseUrsula Farrell (divorced)
Liz Dowling (2002–present)
Children2 stepdaughters
Website
warrenfarrell.com

Warren Thomas Farrell (born June 26, 1943) is an American political scientist and activist who initially came to prominence in the 1970s as a supporter of second wave feminism. He is the author of nine books on the issues of men, women, fathers, and couples’ communication. He served for three years on the New York City Board of the National Organization for Women (NOW). Farrell advocates for "a gender liberation movement", with "both sexes walking a mile in each other's moccasins".[1]

Farrell's books cover history, law, sociology and politics (The Myth of Male Power);[2] couples' communication (Women Can't Hear What Men Don't Say,[3] and Role Mate to Soul Mate);[4] economic and career issues (Why Men Earn More);[5] child psychology and child custody (Father and Child Reunion);[6] and teenage to adult psychology and socialization (Why Men Are The Way They Are,[7] The Liberated Man,[8] and The Boy Crisis).[9]

Early life and education

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Farrell was born in 1943. He is the eldest of three children born to an accountant father and housewife mother.[10] He grew up in New Jersey.[10] Farrell graduated from Midland Park High School in New Jersey in 1961.[11]

Farrell received a B.A. from Montclair State University in social sciences in 1965.[12] As a college student, Farrell was a national vice-president of the Student-National Education Association, leading President Lyndon B. Johnson to invite him to the White House Conference on Education.[13][14]

In 1966, he received an M.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles in political science[12] and in 1974 a Ph.D. in the same discipline from New York University.[12] He was an assistant to the president of New York University.[15]

University teaching

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Farrell has taught university level courses in five disciplines (psychology; women's studies; sociology; political science; gender and parenting issues). These were at the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Diego; the California School of Professional Psychology; in the Department of Women's Studies at San Diego State; at Brooklyn College; Georgetown University; American University, and Rutgers.[6]

Feminist foundation

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When the second wave of the women's movement evolved in the late 1960s, Farrell's support of it led the National Organization for Women's New York City chapter to ask him to form a men's group. The response to that group led to his ultimately forming some 300 additional men and women's groups and becoming the only man to be elected three times to the board of directors of the National Organization for Women in N.Y.C. (1971–74).[8] In 1974, Farrell left N.O.W. in N.Y.C. and his teaching at Rutgers when his wife became a White House Fellow and he moved with her to D.C.[8] They subsequently divorced.[16]

Farrell conducting a "men's beauty contest" on the Mike Douglas Show with Alan Alda, Billy Davis Jr., and Marilyn McCoo, c. 1976.

During his feminist period, Farrell wrote op-eds for The New York Times and appeared frequently on the Today show and The Phil Donahue Show, and was featured in People, Parade and the international media. This, and his women and men's groups, one of which had been joined by John Lennon, inspired The Liberated Man.[8] The Liberated Man was written from a feminist perspective, introducing alternative family and work arrangements that could better accommodate working women and encourage care-giving men. The Liberated Man was the beginning of Farrell's development of parallels for men to the female experience: for example, to women's experience as "sex objects", Farrell labeled men's parallel experience as "success objects."[8]

As a speaker, Farrell was known for creating audience participation role-reversal experiences to get both sexes "to walk a mile in the other's moccasins." The most publicized were his "men's beauty contest" and "role-reversal date."[17] In the men's beauty contest, all the men are invited to experience "the beauty contest of everyday life that no woman can escape." In the "role-reversal date" every woman was encouraged to "risk a few of the 150 risks of rejection men typically experience between eye contact and intercourse."[18]

Integrating men's issues into gender issues

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Farrell speaking at the Alliance for Responsible Citizenship in London, 2023

In a 1997 interview, Farrell stated: "Everything went well until the mid-seventies when NOW came out against the presumption of joint custody. I couldn't believe the people I thought were pioneers in equality were saying that women should have the first option to have children or not to have children — that children should not have equal rights to their dad."[19]

Why Men Are the Way They Are

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Farrell's books each contain personal introductions that describe his perspective on how aspects of public consciousness and his own personal development led to the book. By the mid-1980s, Farrell was writing that both the role-reversal exercises and the women and men's groups allowed him to hear women's increasing anger toward men, and also learn about men's feelings of being misrepresented.[20] He wrote Why Men Are The Way They Are[7] to answer women's questions about men in a way he hoped rang true for the men.

He distinguished between what he believed to be each sex's primary fantasies and primary needs, stating that "both sexes fell in love with members of the other sex who are the least capable of loving: women with men who are successful; men with women who are young and beautiful."[21] [22] He asserts that women feel disappointed because, "the qualities it takes to be successful at work are often in tension with the qualities it takes to be successful in love." Similarly he asserts that men feel disappointed because, "a young and beautiful woman ('genetic celebrity') often learns more about receiving, not giving, while older and less-attractive women often learn more about giving and doing for others, which is more compatible with love."[7] Due partially to Oprah Winfrey's support, Why Men Are the Way They Are became his bestselling book.[citation needed]

The Myth of Male Power

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Main article: The Myth of Male Power

In 1993, Farrell wrote The Myth of Male Power, in which he argued that the widespread perception of men having inordinate social and economic power is false, and that men are systematically disadvantaged in many ways. The book became a foundational text of the Men's Rights Movement, and made Farrell one of its leading figures.[23][24][25]

The Myth of Male Power was ardently challenged by some academic feminists[who?], whose critique is that men earn more money, and that money is power. Farrell concurs that men earn more money, and that money is one form of power. However, Farrell also adds that "men often feel obligated to earn money someone else spends while they die sooner—and feeling obligated is not power."[2] This perspective was to be more fully developed in Farrell's Why Men Earn More.[5]

Susan Faludi argued that Farrell had effectively recanted his original position as part of a generalized backlash against feminism.[26]

Women Can't Hear What Men Don't Say and Father and Child Reunion

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The increase in divorces in the 1980s and 1990s turned Farrell's writing toward two issues: the poverty of couples' communication[3] and children's loss of their father in child custody cases.[6]

In Women Can't Hear What Men Don't Say,[3] Farrell asserts that couples often fail to use couples' communication outside of counseling if the person receiving criticism does not know how to make her or himself feel safe. Farrell develops a method called "Cinematic Immersion" to create that safety and overcome what he posits is humans' biological propensity to respond defensively to personal criticism.[3][27]

To address children's loss of their father in child custody cases, Farrell wrote Father and Child Reunion,[6] a meta-analysis of research about what is the optimal family arrangement for children of divorce. Father and Child Reunion's findings include some 26 ways in which children of divorce do better when three conditions prevail: equally-shared parenting (or joint custody); close parental proximity; and no bad-mouthing.[6] His research for Father and Child Reunion provided the basis for his frequently appearing in the first decade of the 21st Century as an expert witness in child custody cases on the balance between mothers' and fathers' rights needed to create the optimal family arrangement for children of divorce.

Why Men Earn More

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By the start of the 21st century, Farrell felt he had re-examined every substantial adult male-female issue except the pay gap (i.e., that men as a group tend to earn more money than women as a group).[5] In Why Men Earn More: The Startling Truth Behind the Pay Gap—and What Women Can Do About It,[5] he documents 25 differences in men and women's work-life choices which, he argues, account for most or all of the pay gap more accurately than did claims of widespread discrimination against women. Farrell writes that men chose to earn more money, while each of women's choices prioritized having a more balanced life. These 25 differences allowed Farrell to offer women 25 ways to higher pay—and accompany each with their possible trade-offs.[5] The trade-offs include working more hours and for more years; taking technical or more hazardous jobs; relocating overseas or traveling overnight.[5] This led to considerable praise for Why Men Earn More as a career book for women.[28]

Some of Farrell's findings in Why Men Earn More include his analysis of census bureau data that never-married women without children earn 13% more than their male counterparts, and that the gender pay gap is largely about married men with children who earn more due to their assuming more workplace obligations.

Themes woven throughout Why Men Earn More are the importance of assessing trade-offs; that "the road to high pay is a toll road;" the "Pay Paradox" (that "pay is about the power we forfeit to get the power of pay"); and, since men earn more, and women have more balanced lives, that men have more to learn from women than women do from men.[5]

Does Feminism Discriminate Against Men?

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Farrell's book, Does Feminism Discriminate Against Men?, published in 2008,[29] is a debate book with feminist co-author James P. Sterba. Farrell felt gender studies in universities rarely incorporated the masculine gender except to demonize it. This book was Farrell's attempt to test whether a positive perspective about men would be allowed to be incorporated into universities' gender studies curriculum even if there were a feminist rebuttal.[29] Farrell and Sterba debated 13 topics, from children's and fathers' rights, to the "Boy Crisis."

Critical reception

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Early critiques in the New York Times Book Review by Larry McMurtry and John Leonard included disdain for Farrell's use of gender neutral language in The Liberated Man.[30] More recently, conservative and antifeminist Phyllis Schlafly labeled Farrell a "feminist apologist", though praises his research for Father and Child Reunion.[31] Kate Zernike of The Boston Globe refers to Farrell as "the sage of the men's movement",[32] and the description of him as the "Gloria Steinem of men's liberation"[33] by Carol Kleiman of the Chicago Tribune. Esquire ranked Farrell, Thomas Aquinas, and John Stuart Mill as three of history's leading male feminists.[34]

Farrell's collaborations with Ken Wilber,[35][36] John Gray,[37] and Richard Bolles[38] have introduced his messages to more diverse and receptive audiences.

Farrell's advocacy for boys and men's issues is often criticized in the media as making him 'a leading figure of the men's rights movement'; GQ calls Farrell "The Martin Luther King of the men's movement."[39]

Personal life

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Farrell with Robert Redford, Sibylle Szaggars, and Liz Dowling

Farrell married Ursula (Ursie), a mathematician and IBM executive, in the 1960s. After 10 years of marriage, in 1976, he and Ursie separated and subsequently divorced.[16][40] After what Farrell described as "twenty years of adventuresome single-hood", he married Liz Dowling in August 2002.[11] He has two step-daughters.[11] They live in Mill Valley, California.[41]

Farrell backed Hillary Clinton in the 2016 US presidential election.[42]

Other activities

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Farrell addressing world conference of spiritual leaders, 2010
Farrell speaking on the boy crisis at the University of Toronto, November 16, 2012

During the 2003 California gubernatorial recall election, Farrell ran as a Democratic candidate,[12] on a platform of fathers' rights,[43] and received 626 votes.[44] Farrell's current foci are conducting communication workshops,[45] being an expert witness[46] in child custody cases[45] and researching a forthcoming book (working title The Boy Crisis), to be co-authored with John Gray. In 2010–11, he keynoted, along with Deepak Chopra, a world conference on spirituality (the Integral Spiritual Experience),[47] addressing the evolution of love. He was then invited by the Center for World Spirituality to be one of their world leaders.[48] Farrell speaks frequently on boys, men's and gender issues, including doing a keynote in 2016 for UK Male Psychology Conference.[49]

In 2009, a call from the White House requesting Farrell to be an advisor to the White House Council on Women and Girls led to Farrell creating and chairing a commission to create a White House Council on Boys and Men. The multi-partisan commission consists of thirty-five authors and practitioners (e.g., John Gray, Gov. Jennifer Granholm, Michael Gurian, Michael Thompson, Bill Pollack, Leonard Sax) of boys' and men's issues. They have completed a study that defines five components to a "boys' crisis," which was submitted as a proposal for President Obama to create a White House Council on Boys and Men.[50] In April 2015, the coalition went to Iowa to discuss their position with 2016 U.S. presidential candidates.[51]

Farrell appeared in Cassie Jaye's 2016 documentary film about the men's rights movement, The Red Pill.[52]

Bibliography

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  • Farrell, Warren (1993) [1974]. The liberated man. New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 978-0-425-13680-5.
  • Farrell, Warren (1990). Why men are the way they are: the male-female dynamic. Toronto & London: Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-17628-5.
  • Farrell, Warren (2001). The myth of male power: why men are the disposable sex. New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 978-0-425-18144-7.
  • Farrell, Warren (2001). Women can't hear what men don't say: destroying myths, creating love. Sydney: Finch Publishing. ISBN 978-1-876451-31-8.
  • Farrell, Warren (2001). Father and child reunion: how to bring the dads we need to the children we love. Sydney: Finch Publishing. ISBN 978-1-876451-32-5.
  • Farrell, Warren (2005). Why men earn more: the startling truth behind the pay gap and what women can do about it. New York: American Management Association. ISBN 978-0-8144-7210-1.
  • Farrell, Warren; Sterba, James P. (2008). Does feminism discriminate against men?. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-531282-9.
  • Farrell, Warren; Gray, John (2018). The Boy Crisis: Why Our Boys Are Struggling and What We Can Do About It. Dallas, TX: BenBella Books. ISBN 978-1-942952-71-8.

References

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  1. ^ Nemko, Marty (July 17, 2014). "Men, power, money, and sex". Psychology Today. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  2. ^ a b Farrell, Warren (2001). The myth of male power: why men are the disposable sex. New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 978-0-425-18144-7.
  3. ^ a b c d Farrell, Warren (2001). Women can't hear what men don't say: destroying myths, creating love. Sydney: Finch Publishing. ISBN 978-1-876451-31-8.
  4. ^ Farrell, Warren (2024). Role mate to soul mate: seven secrets for overcoming the barriers to lifelong love. Dallas, TX: BenBella Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-63774-456-7.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Farrell, Warren (2005). Why men earn more: the startling truth behind the pay gap and what women can do about it. New York: American Management Association. ISBN 978-0-8144-7210-1.
  6. ^ a b c d e Farrell, Warren (2001). Father and child reunion: how to bring the dads we need to the children we love. Sydney: Finch Publishing. ISBN 978-1-876451-32-5.
  7. ^ a b c Farrell, Warren (1990). Why men are the way they are: the male-female dynamic. Toronto & London: Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-17628-5.
  8. ^ a b c d e Farrell, Warren (1993) [1974]. The liberated man. New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 978-0-425-13680-5.
  9. ^ The Boy Crisis is scheduled for publication in January 2018 by BenBella press.
  10. ^ a b Deutsch, Claudia H. (February 27, 2005). "At Lunch With Warren Farrell: Are Women Responsible for Their Own Low Pay?". The New York Times. New York. Retrieved August 17, 2013.
  11. ^ a b c Farrell, Warren. "Warren Farrell". Midland Park High School Class of 1961. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
  12. ^ a b c d "In the running for California Governor". Los Angeles Times. August 10, 2003. Archived from the original on May 5, 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  13. ^ "Warren Farrell at the White House Conference on Education". Bergen Record. North Jersey. July 27, 1965.
  14. ^ "Commentary on the White House Conference on Education". Bergen Record. North Jersey. July 27, 1965.
  15. ^ Farrell, Warren (1974). The liberated man: beyond masculinity; freeing men and their relationships with women. New York, Random House. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-394-49024-3.
  16. ^ a b Warrick, Pamela (August 9, 1993). "A new role for men: victim: former feminist Warren Farrell says he's sick and tired of guys getting bashed. 'Male power,' he proclaims, is just a myth". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
  17. ^ Cooke, Janet (November 19, 1979). "Men taking turn in beauty contest get insights Into woman's role". Toledo Blade.
  18. ^ Avins, Mimi (January 26, 2000). "Men's advocate in a woman's world". Los Angeles Times.
  19. ^ J. Steven Svoboda (1997). "Interview with Warren Farrell" MenWeb.com, accessed November 28, 2012
  20. ^ Farrell, Warren (1990), "Introduction", in Farrell, Warren; Sterba, James P. (eds.), Why men are the way they are: the male-female dynamic, Toronto & London: Bantam, ISBN 978-0-553-17628-5
  21. ^ Farrell, Warren (1990), "Chapter 5", in Farrell, Warren (ed.), Why men are the way they are: the male-female dynamic, Toronto & London: Bantam, ISBN 978-0-553-17628-5
  22. ^ Farrell, Warren (September 10, 2011). 15 intriguing thoughts about men, women and relationships (for Midland Park High School's 50th Reunion) (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 8, 2017. Both sexes are biologically programmed to fall in love with the members of the opposite sex who are the least capable of loving. Men fall in love with women who are young and therefore less mature in their relationship skills, and beautiful, which usually means men compete to take care of them; women fall in love with men who are successful without realizing that many of the qualities it takes to be successful at work are inversely related to what it takes to be successful in love.
  23. ^ Ribeiro, Manoel Horta; Blackburn, Jeremy; Bradlyn, Barry; et al. (2021). "The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web". Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media. Vol. 15. Palo Alto, Calif.: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. pp. 196–207. arXiv:2001.07600v5. doi:10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18053. ISBN 978-1-57735-869-5. ISSN 2334-0770.
  24. ^ Carian, Emily (January 2, 2022). ""No Seat at the Party": Mobilizing White Masculinity in the Men's Rights Movement". Sociological Focus. 55 (1): 27–47. doi:10.1080/00380237.2021.2009075. ISSN 0038-0237. S2CID 246210901.
  25. ^ Kyparissiadis, George; Skoulas, Emmanuel (2021). ""Manosphere and Manconomy: Divergent Masculinities in the Digital Space."". Ex-centric Narratives: Journal of Anglophone Literature, Culture and Media. 5: 199–217.
  26. ^ Faludi, Susan (1991), "Warren Farrell: the liberated man recants", in Faludi, Susan, ed. (1991). Backlash: the undeclared war against American women. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 334–339. ISBN 978-0-517-57698-4.
  27. ^ Workshop Title: Couples' Communication Retreat (PDF). Esalen Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 14, 2017.
  28. ^ Articles:
  29. ^ a b Farrell, Warren; Sterba, James P. (2008). Does feminism discriminate against men?. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-531282-9.
  30. ^ Reviews:
    • Leonard, John (February 9, 1975). "Gender Gap: The Last Word (book review)". The New York Times. p. back page.
    • McMurtry, Larry (January 5, 1975). "Book review". The New York Times.
  31. ^ Schlafly, Phyllis (keynote) (2006). American Coalition for Fathers and Children's National Family Law Reform Conference. Washington, DC.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  32. ^ Zernike, Kate (June 21, 1997). "Feminism has created progress, but man, oh, man, look what else". Chicago Tribune.
  33. ^ Kleiman, Carol. "400 men try to beat 'chauvinist pig' rap." The Montreal Gazette December 29, 1977, p.27. Print.
  34. ^ "This issue is about women". Esquire. July 1973. p. front page.
  35. ^ deVos, Corey (June 16, 2008). "Warren Farrell on Integral Naked – Redefining the Relationships Between Men and Women". KenWilber.com. Retrieved September 30, 2008.
  36. ^ deVos, Corey (July 17, 2008). "Warren Farrell – Beyond Feminism and Masculism". Holons. Archived from the original on September 30, 2008. Retrieved September 30, 2008.
  37. ^ "Authors John Gray and Warren Farrell on "Men, Women, Love & Chaos"". Goldstar. March 21, 2007. Retrieved September 30, 2008.
  38. ^ "What Color is Your Parachute?: Earning versus Living". June 13, 2008. Archived from the original on June 14, 2008. Retrieved September 30, 2008.
  39. ^ "TEDxMarin | TED". www.ted.com. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  40. ^ Other articles:
  41. ^ Farrell, Warren. "General biography on Warren Farrell, Ph.D." warrenfarrell.com. Archived from the original on December 4, 2007.
  42. ^ Goodwin, Liz (May 18, 2016). "The 'men's rights' pioneer who backs Hillary Clinton". Yahoo! News. Retrieved March 12, 2017.
  43. ^ "California Recall- one of 135". CNN. August 27, 2003.
  44. ^ "Candidates to succeed Gray Davis as Governor if he is recalled". vote2003.sos.ca.gov. CA Secretary of State – Statewide Special. November 5, 2003. Archived from the original on June 18, 2007. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  45. ^ a b Farrell, Warren. "Couples' communication". warrenfarrell.com.
  46. ^ Farrell, Warren. "Expert witness for shared parenting in child custody cases". Archived from the original on August 28, 2008.
  47. ^ Farrell, Warren (November 1, 2012). "Warren Farrell at the Integral Spiritual Experience, part 1". warrenfarrell.com.
  48. ^ "World Spirituality Council: members". centerforworldspirituality.com. Center for World Spirituality. Archived from the original on January 28, 2011.
  49. ^ "The male psychology conference 2016 (flyer)". mra-uk.co.uk. William Collins (blog).
  50. ^ Kanani, Rahim (September 5, 2011). "The need to create a White House Council on boys to men". Forbes. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  51. ^ Alexander, Rachel (April 20, 2015). "Which Presidential candidates will support a White House Council on boys and men?". Townhall. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
  52. ^ Daubney, Martin (November 12, 2015). "The Red Pill: the movie about men that feminists didn't want you to see". The Telegraph. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
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