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See also: gael, gáel, gäl, and Gaël

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)).^[1] Doublet of Goidel, unrelated to Gaul or Gallia.

Medieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡeɪl/
Rhymes: -eɪl
Homophones: gale, Gail, Gayle

Noun

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Gael

Wikipedia

Gael (plural Gaels)

A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic.
- 1911, G.K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse, Book II: The Gathering Of The Chiefs:
  For the great Gaels of Ireland
  Are the men that God made mad,
  For all their wars are merry,
  And all their songs are sad.

Translations

ethnic group

Afrikaans: gaele
Breton: Gouezel (br) m
Catalan: gaèlic m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 蓋爾人 / 盖尔人 (Gài'ěrrén)
Cornish: Godhal m, Godhales f
German: Gäle m, Gälin f
Hungarian: gael (hu)
Irish: Gael m, Gaedheal m (Ulster, otherwise superseded)
Old Irish: Goídel m
Japanese: ゲール人 (Gēru-jin)
Manx: Gael m
Scottish Gaelic: Gàidheal m
Tajik: гаэл (gael)
Welsh: Gael m or f

Proper noun

Gael (plural Gaels)

An unknown-gender given name.

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408

Anagrams

Gale, Lega, egal, gale, geal, lage, leag

Irish

Alternative forms

Gaedheal (Ulster, otherwise superseded)
Gaoidheal (superseded)
Gaol (Munster, in dialect writing)

Etymology

From Old Irish Goídel,^[1] from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (compare Welsh Gwyddel (“Irishman”)), from Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel, from Proto-Celtic *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (compare Old English wāþ (“hunt”)).^[2]

Replaced native terms féni (“class of landed Irish freemen”) and fénechas (“matters pertaining to the féni”), though these words survive as féine and féineachas, respectively, and derive ultimately from the same root.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡeːl̪ˠ/, /ɡeːlˠ/^[3]

Noun

Gael m (genitive singular Gaeil, nominative plural Gaeil)

Gael, Gaelic person
(~ de chuid na hAlban) (Scottish) Highlander
Synonyms: duine as an nGàidhealtachd, Híleantóir

Declension

Declension of Gael (first declension)

bare forms
case	singular	plural
nominative	Gael	Gaeil
vocative	a Ghaeil	a Ghaela
genitive	Gaeil	Gael
dative	Gael	Gaeil

forms with the definite article
case	singular	plural
nominative	an Gael	na Gaeil
genitive	an Ghaeil	na nGael
dative	leis an nGael don Ghael	leis na Gaeil

Derived terms

(deprecated template usage)

Cumann Lúthchleas Gael m (“Gaelic Athletic Association”)
Gaeilge f (“Irish language”)
Gael-Mheiriceánach (“Irish-American”)
Gaelach (“Gaelic, native Irish”)
Gaelachas m (“Irishness”)
Gaelaigh (“Gaelicize”, verb)
Gaelainn f (“Irish language”)
Gaelcholáiste m (“Irish-medium college”)
Gaelscoil f (“Irish-medium school”)
Gaeltacht f (“Irish-speaking area”)
Gaelú m (“Gaelicization”)
Gall-Ghael m (“Anglo-Irishman”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of *Gael*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
Gael	Ghael	nGael

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “Goídel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408
^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 123

Spanish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡaˈel/ [ɡaˈel]
Rhymes: -el
Syllabification: Ga‧el

Proper noun

Gael m

a male given name

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408

[2] Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “Goídel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

[3] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408

[4] Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 123

[1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 ===Etymology===
+{{root|en|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-}}
-Borrowed from {{bor|en|ga|Gael}}, alt. {{m|ga|Gaol}}, from earlier {{m|gd|Gaoidheal}}, cognate with Scottish Gaelic {{m|gd|Gàidheal}} and Manx ''Gael'', from {{der|en|mga|Gaídel}}, from {{der|en|sga|Goídel||Irishman}}, a loanword from {{der|en|owl|Guoidel||wild man, warrior}} (also recorded as a personal name in the {{w|Book of Llandaff}}), from {{der|en|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel||savage, woodsman}}, from {{der|en|cel-pro|*wēdelos||savage, woodsman}}, related to {{m|cel-pro|*wēdus|t=wild}}, from {{der|en|ine-pro|*weydʰ-||wood, wilderness}} (cf. {{cog|ang|wāþ||hunt}}).<ref>{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009|page=408}}</ref> {{doublet|en|Goidel}}, unrelated to {{m|en|Gaul}} or {{m|la|Gallia}}.
+Borrowed from {{bor|en|ga|Gael}}, alt. {{m|ga|Gaol}}, from earlier {{m|gd|Gaoidheal}}, cognate with Scottish Gaelic {{m|gd|Gàidheal}} and Manx ''Gael'', from {{der|en|mga|Gaídel}}, from {{der|en|sga|Goídel||Irishman}}, a loanword from {{der|en|owl|Guoidel||wild man, warrior}} (also recorded as a personal name in the {{w|Book of Llandaff}}), from {{der|en|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel||savage, woodsman}}, from {{der|en|cel-pro|*weidelos||savage, woodsman}}, related to {{m|cel-pro|*weidus|t=wild}}, from {{der|en|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-||wood, wilderness}} (cf. {{cog|ang|wāþ||hunt}}).<ref>{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009|page=408}}</ref> {{doublet|en|Goidel}}, unrelated to {{m|en|Gaul}} or {{m|la|Gallia}}.
 Medieval Irish traditions, including the ''{{w|Lebor Gabála Érenn}}'', trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, {{w|Goídel Glas}}, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.
@@ Line 16: / Line 17: @@
 {{en-noun}}
-# A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic. [[Category:en:Celtic tribes]]
+# A member of an ethnic group in [[Ireland]], [[Scotland]] and the [[Isle of Man]], whose language is one that is [[Gaelic]].
-#: {{quote-book|en|year=1911|author=G.K. Chesterton|title=The Ballad of the White Horse|text=For the great '''Gaels''' of Ireland<br>Are the men that God made mad,<br>For all their wars are merry,<br>And all their songs are sad.|volume_plain=Book II: The Gathering Of The Chiefs}}
+#* {{quote-book|en|year=1911|author=G.K. Chesterton|title=The Ballad of the White Horse|text=For the great '''Gaels''' of Ireland<br>Are the men that God made mad,<br>For all their wars are merry,<br>And all their songs are sad.|volume_plain=Book II: The Gathering Of The Chiefs}}
 ====Translations====
@@ Line 25: / Line 26: @@
 * Catalan: {{t|ca|gaèlic|m}}
 * Chinese:
-*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|蓋爾人}}, {{t|cmn|盖尔人|tr=Gài'ěrrén}}
+*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|蓋爾人|tr=Gài'ěrrén}}
 * Cornish: {{t|kw|Godhal|m}}, {{t|kw|Godhales|f}}
 * German: {{t|de|Gäle|m}}, {{t|de|Gälin|f}}
-* Hungarian: {{t|hu|gael}}
+* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|gael}}
-{{trans-mid}}
 * Irish: {{t|ga|Gael|m}}, {{t|ga|Gaedheal|m}} {{qualifier|Ulster, otherwise superseded}}
 *: Old Irish: {{t|sga|Goídel|m}}
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 * Manx: {{t|gv|Gael|m}}
 * Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|Gàidheal|m}}
+* Tajik: {{t|tg|гаэл}}
 * Welsh: {{t|cy|Gael|m|f}}
 {{trans-bottom}}
+===Proper noun===
+{{en-proper noun|s}}
+# {{given name|en}}.
 ===References===
@@ Line 43: / Line 49: @@
 ===Anagrams===
 * {{anagrams|en|a=aegl|Gale|Lega|egal|gale|geal|lage|leag}}
-----
 ==Irish==
 ===Alternative forms===
-* {{alter|ga|Gaedheal||Ulster|otherwise superseded}}, {{alter|ga|Gaol||Munster|in dialect writing}}
+* {{alter|ga|Gaedheal||Ulster|otherwise superseded}}
+* {{alter|ga|Gaoidheal||superseded}}
+* {{alter|ga|Gaol||Munster|in dialect writing}}
 ===Etymology===
+{{root|ga|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-}}
-From {{inh|ga|sga|Goídel}}, from {{der|ga|owl|Guoidel|t=wild man, warrior}} (compare {{cog|cy|Gwyddel|t=Irishman}}), from {{der|ga|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel}}, from {{der|ga|cel-pro|*wēdus|t=wild}}, from {{der|ga|ine-pro|*weydʰ-|t=wood, wilderness}} (compare {{cog|ang|wāþ|t=hunt}}).<ref>{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009|page=408}}</ref>
+From {{inh|ga|sga|Goídel}},<ref>{{R:DIL|26308|head=Goídel}}</ref> from {{der|ga|owl|Guoidel|t=wild man, warrior}} (compare {{cog|cy|Gwyddel|t=Irishman}}), from {{der|ga|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel}}, from {{der|ga|cel-pro|*weidus|t=wild}}, from {{der|ga|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-|t=wood, wilderness}} (compare {{cog|ang|wāþ|t=hunt}}).<ref>{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009|page=408}}</ref>
 Replaced native terms {{m|sga|féni|t=class of landed Irish freemen}} and {{m|sga|fénechas|t=matters pertaining to the ''féni''}}, though these words survive as {{m|ga|féine}} and {{m|ga|féineachas}}, respectively, and derive ultimately from the same root.
 ===Pronunciation===
-* {{IPA|ga|/ɡeːlˠ/}}
+* {{IPA|ga|/ɡeːl̪ˠ/|/ɡeːlˠ/|ref2={{R:ga:Finck|II|123}}}}
 ===Noun===
 {{ga-noun|m|Gaeil|Gaeil}}
-# {{l|en|Gael}}, [[Gaelic]] person
+# [[#English|Gael]], [[Gaelic]] person
 # {{q|~ [[de]] [[cuid|chuid]] na h[[Alba]]n}} (Scottish) [[highlander|Highlander]]
 #: {{syn|ga|duine as an n[[Gàidhealtachd]]|Híleantóir}}
@@ Line 70: / Line 77: @@
 ====Derived terms====
+{{col-auto|ga
-{{der2
-|ga|{{l|ga|Gaeilge|g=f}}, {{l|ga|Gaelainn|t=the Irish language}}
+|Gaeilge<g:f><t:Irish language>
-|{{l|ga|Gaelach|t=Irish; attached to the Irish language, to Irish culture}}
+|Gaelainn<g:f><t:Irish language>
+|Gaelach<t:Gaelic, native Irish>
-|{{l|ga|Gaelaigh|pos=v|t=Gaelicize}}
+|Gaelaigh<pos:v><t:Gaelicize>
-|{{l|ga|Gaeltacht|g=f|t=Irishry; Irish(-speaking) people; Irish-speaking area; Gaelic-speaking area of Scotland}}
+|Gaeltacht<g:f><t:Irish-speaking area>
-|{{l|ga|Gaelú|g=m|t=Gaelicization}}
+|Gaelú<g:m><t:Gaelicization>
-|{{l|ga|Gaelachas|g=m|t=Irish characteristic(s), Irishness; attachment to Irish culture}}
+|Gaelachas<g:m><t:Irishness>
-|{{l|ga|Gall-Ghael|g=m|t=person of mixed Irish and foreign descent; Anglo-Irishman}}
+|Gall-Ghael<g:m><t:Anglo-Irishman>
-|{{l|ga|Gael-Mheiriceánach|pos=a|t=Irish-American}}
-|{{l|ga|Gael-Mheiriceánach|g=m|t=Irish-American}}
+|Gael-Mheiriceánach<t:Irish-American>
-|{{l|ga|Cumann Lúthchleas Gael|g=m|t=the Gaelic Athletic Association}}
+|Cumann Lúthchleas Gael<g:m><t:Gaelic Athletic Association>
-|{{l|ga|Gaelcholáiste|g=m|t=Irish-medium secondary school}}
+|Gaelcholáiste<g:m><t:Irish-medium college>
+|Gaelscoil<g:f><t:Irish-medium school>
 }}
@@ Line 88: / Line 96: @@
 ===References===
+{{reflist|size=smaller}}
-<references />
 ===Further reading===
 * {{R:ga:Ó Dónaill}}
-* {{R:DIL|26308|head=Goídel}}
 * {{R:ga:EID}}
 * {{R:ga:NEID}}
 {{topics|ga|Nationalities}}
+==Spanish==
+===Etymology===
+{{rfe|es}}
+===Pronunciation===
+{{es-pr}}
+===Proper noun===
+{{es-proper noun|m}}
+# {{given name|es|male}}