Gael: difference between revisions
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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{{root|en|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-}} |
{{root|en|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-}} |
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Borrowed from {{bor|en|ga|Gael}}, alt. {{m|ga|Gaol}}, from earlier {{m|gd|Gaoidheal}}, cognate with Scottish Gaelic {{m|gd|Gàidheal}} and Manx ''Gael'', from {{der|en|mga|Gaídel}}, from {{der|en|sga|Goídel||Irishman}}, a loanword from {{der|en|owl|Guoidel||wild man, warrior}} (also recorded as a personal name in the {{w|Book of Llandaff}}), from {{der|en|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel||savage, woodsman}}, from {{der|en|cel-pro|* |
Borrowed from {{bor|en|ga|Gael}}, alt. {{m|ga|Gaol}}, from earlier {{m|gd|Gaoidheal}}, cognate with Scottish Gaelic {{m|gd|Gàidheal}} and Manx ''Gael'', from {{der|en|mga|Gaídel}}, from {{der|en|sga|Goídel||Irishman}}, a loanword from {{der|en|owl|Guoidel||wild man, warrior}} (also recorded as a personal name in the {{w|Book of Llandaff}}), from {{der|en|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel||savage, woodsman}}, from {{der|en|cel-pro|*weidelos||savage, woodsman}}, related to {{m|cel-pro|*weidus|t=wild}}, from {{der|en|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-||wood, wilderness}} (cf. {{cog|ang|wāþ||hunt}}).<ref>{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009|page=408}}</ref> {{doublet|en|Goidel}}, unrelated to {{m|en|Gaul}} or {{m|la|Gallia}}. |
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Medieval Irish traditions, including the ''{{w|Lebor Gabála Érenn}}'', trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, {{w|Goídel Glas}}, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word. |
Medieval Irish traditions, including the ''{{w|Lebor Gabála Érenn}}'', trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, {{w|Goídel Glas}}, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word. |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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{{root|ga|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-}} |
{{root|ga|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-}} |
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From {{inh|ga|sga|Goídel}},<ref>{{R:DIL|26308|head=Goídel}}</ref> from {{der|ga|owl|Guoidel|t=wild man, warrior}} (compare {{cog|cy|Gwyddel|t=Irishman}}), from {{der|ga|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel}}, from {{der|ga|cel-pro|* |
From {{inh|ga|sga|Goídel}},<ref>{{R:DIL|26308|head=Goídel}}</ref> from {{der|ga|owl|Guoidel|t=wild man, warrior}} (compare {{cog|cy|Gwyddel|t=Irishman}}), from {{der|ga|cel-bry-pro|*guɨðel}}, from {{der|ga|cel-pro|*weidus|t=wild}}, from {{der|ga|ine-pro|*h₁weydʰh₁-|t=wood, wilderness}} (compare {{cog|ang|wāþ|t=hunt}}).<ref>{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009|page=408}}</ref> |
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Replaced native terms {{m|sga|féni|t=class of landed Irish freemen}} and {{m|sga|fénechas|t=matters pertaining to the ''féni''}}, though these words survive as {{m|ga|féine}} and {{m|ga|féineachas}}, respectively, and derive ultimately from the same root. |
Replaced native terms {{m|sga|féni|t=class of landed Irish freemen}} and {{m|sga|fénechas|t=matters pertaining to the ''féni''}}, though these words survive as {{m|ga|féine}} and {{m|ga|féineachas}}, respectively, and derive ultimately from the same root. |
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Latest revision as of 05:46, 8 September 2024
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)).[1] Doublet of Goidel, unrelated to Gaul or Gallia.
Medieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]
Gael (plural Gaels)
- A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic.
- 1911, G.K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse, Book II: The Gathering Of The Chiefs:
- For the great Gaels of Ireland
Are the men that God made mad,
For all their wars are merry,
And all their songs are sad.
Translations
[edit]ethnic group
|
Proper noun
[edit]Gael (plural Gaels)
- An unknown-gender given name.
References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408
Anagrams
[edit]Irish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Irish Goídel,[1] from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (compare Welsh Gwyddel (“Irishman”)), from Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel, from Proto-Celtic *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (compare Old English wāþ (“hunt”)).[2]
Replaced native terms féni (“class of landed Irish freemen”) and fénechas (“matters pertaining to the féni”), though these words survive as féine and féineachas, respectively, and derive ultimately from the same root.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Gael m (genitive singular Gaeil, nominative plural Gaeil)
- Gael, Gaelic person
- (~ de chuid na hAlban) (Scottish) Highlander
- Synonyms: duine as an nGàidhealtachd, Híleantóir
Declension
[edit]
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Derived terms
[edit]- Cumann Lúthchleas Gael m (“Gaelic Athletic Association”)
- Gaeilge f (“Irish language”)
- Gael-Mheiriceánach (“Irish-American”)
- Gaelach (“Gaelic, native Irish”)
- Gaelachas m (“Irishness”)
- Gaelaigh (“Gaelicize”, verb)
- Gaelainn f (“Irish language”)
- Gaelcholáiste m (“Irish-medium college”)
- Gaelscoil f (“Irish-medium school”)
- Gaeltacht f (“Irish-speaking area”)
- Gaelú m (“Gaelicization”)
- Gall-Ghael m (“Anglo-Irishman”)
Mutation
[edit]| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| Gael | Ghael | nGael |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “Goídel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 123
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “Gael”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Gael”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “Gael”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Gael m
- a male given name
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁weydʰh₁-
- English terms borrowed from Irish
- English terms derived from Irish
- English terms derived from Middle Irish
- English terms derived from Old Irish
- English terms derived from Old Welsh
- English terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- English terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- English doublets
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/eɪl
- Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English given names
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁weydʰh₁-
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Welsh
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish first-declension nouns
- ga:Nationalities
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/el
- Rhymes:Spanish/el/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish proper nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Spanish given names
- Spanish male given names