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perdre

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by Chuck Entz (talk | contribs) as of 20:29, 1 November 2024.
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See also: perdré and pèrdre

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Catalan perdre, from Latin perdere.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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perdre (first-person singular present perdo, first-person singular preterite perdí, past participle perdut)

  1. (transitive) to lose
  2. (reflexive) to get lost; to disappear
    Estàs segur que no ens hem perdut? Amb aquesta boira no es veu res!
    Are you sure we haven't gotten lost? You can't see anything in this fog!
  3. (transitive) to miss (as in to miss a train, a film etc.)

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of perdre (second conjugation)
infinitive perdre
gerund perdent
past participle masculine feminine
singular perdut perduda
plural perduts perdudes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present perdo perds perd perdem perdeu perden
imperfect perdia perdies perdia perdíem perdíeu perdien
future perdré perdràs perdrà perdrem perdreu perdran
preterite perdí perderes perdé perdérem perdéreu perderen
conditional perdria perdries perdria perdríem perdríeu perdrien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present perdi perdis perdi perdem perdeu perdin
imperfect perdés perdessis perdés perdéssim perdéssiu perdessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — perd perdi perdem perdeu perdin
negative (no) — no perdis no perdi no perdem no perdeu no perdin

Derived terms

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Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French perdre, from Old French perdre, from Latin perdere.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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perdre

  1. (transitive) to lose (be unable to find)
    Synonym: égarer
    Antonym: trouver
    J’ai perdu les clés, mais un de mes amis les a trouvées.
    I lost my keys, but one of my friends found them.
  2. (transitive, intransitive) to lose (not win)
    Antonym: gagner
  3. (reflexive) to get lost
    Ils se sont perdus dans la forêt dense.
    They got lost in the dense forest.
  4. (transitive) to waste, to make bad use of something
    Je crois que la journée est trop belle pour qu’on la perde.
    I think the day is too nice to waste.

Conjugation

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Conjugation of perdre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple perdre
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple perdant
/pɛʁ.dɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle perdu
/pɛʁ.dy/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present perds
/pɛʁ/ 		perds
/pɛʁ/ 		perd
/pɛʁ/ 		perdons
/pɛʁ.dɔ̃/ 		perdez
/pɛʁ.de/ 		perdent
/pɛʁd/
imperfect perdais
/pɛʁ.dɛ/ 		perdais
/pɛʁ.dɛ/ 		perdait
/pɛʁ.dɛ/ 		perdions
/pɛʁ.djɔ̃/ 		perdiez
/pɛʁ.dje/ 		perdaient
/pɛʁ.dɛ/
past historic2 perdis
/pɛʁ.di/ 		perdis
/pɛʁ.di/ 		perdit
/pɛʁ.di/ 		perdîmes
/pɛʁ.dim/ 		perdîtes
/pɛʁ.dit/ 		perdirent
/pɛʁ.diʁ/
future perdrai
/pɛʁ.dʁe/ 		perdras
/pɛʁ.dʁa/ 		perdra
/pɛʁ.dʁa/ 		perdrons
/pɛʁ.dʁɔ̃/ 		perdrez
/pɛʁ.dʁe/ 		perdront
/pɛʁ.dʁɔ̃/
conditional perdrais
/pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ 		perdrais
/pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ 		perdrait
/pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ 		perdrions
/pɛʁ.dʁi.jɔ̃/ 		perdriez
/pɛʁ.dʁi.je/ 		perdraient
/pɛʁ.dʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present perde
/pɛʁd/ 		perdes
/pɛʁd/ 		perde
/pɛʁd/ 		perdions
/pɛʁ.djɔ̃/ 		perdiez
/pɛʁ.dje/ 		perdent
/pɛʁd/
imperfect2 perdisse
/pɛʁ.dis/ 		perdisses
/pɛʁ.dis/ 		perdît
/pɛʁ.di/ 		perdissions
/pɛʁ.di.sjɔ̃/ 		perdissiez
/pɛʁ.di.sje/ 		perdissent
/pɛʁ.dis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — perds
/pɛʁ/ 		— perdons
/pɛʁ.dɔ̃/ 		perdez
/pɛʁ.de/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Saint Dominican Creole French: perdi
    • Haitian Creole: pèdi

Further reading

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Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French perdre.

Verb

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perdre

  1. (transitive) to lose

Descendants

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Old French

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Etymology

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From Latin perdere, present active infinitive of perdō.

Verb

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perdre

  1. (transitive) to lose (be unable to find)
  2. (transitive, intransitive) to lose (not win)

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of perdre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive perdre avoir perdu
gerund en perdant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle perdant
past participle perdu
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present pert perz pert perdons perdez perdent
imperfect perdoie, perdeie perdoies, perdeies perdoit, perdeit perdiiens, perdiens perdiiez, perdiez perdoient, perdeient
preterite perdi perdis perdié perdimes perdistes perdierent
future perdrai perdras perdra perdrons perdroiz, perdreiz, perdrez perdront
conditional perdroie, perdreie perdroies, perdreies perdroit, perdreit perdriiens, perdriens perdriiez, perdriez perdroient, perdreient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present perde perdes perde perdons perdez perdent
imperfect perdisse perdisses perdist perdissons, perdissiens perdissoiz, perdissez, perdissiez perdissent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— pert — perdons perdez —

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “be unable to find”): trover
  • (antonym(s) of “not win”): gaaingnier

Descendants

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Old Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin perdere, present active infinitive of perdō.

Verb

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perdre

  1. to lose (no longer possess)

Descendants

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References

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