Pinyin

See also: pinyin, pīnyīn, p'in-yin, and Pin-yin

English

Etymology 1

20th c., from Mandarin Chinese 拼音 (pīnyīn, literally “spelled sounds”).

Alternative forms

• pinyin
• Pin-yin
• p'in-yin (Wade–Giles)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɪnjɪn/

Proper noun

Pinyin

1. A system of romanization for Standard Mandarin, used in the People’s Republic of China, and more recently in other Mandarin Chinese-speaking areas as well. [from 20th c.]

   Synonym: Hanyu Pinyin

   • 1979 March 5, Jay Mathews, “China Is China, But Hangchow Is Hangzhou”, in The Washington Post‎^[1], →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 29 December 2023‎^[2]:

     The Chinese government began using the new system Jan. 1 in all its foreign language publications, including the English-language service of the New China News Agency. This is an important source for American journalists writing about China. The United Nations and U.S. government agencies have adopted the new spellings called by the Chinese "Pinyin" meaning "phonetic spelling." […]
     The old spelling system, named the Wade-Giles system after the two 19th century Britons who developed it, made correct pronunciation unnecessarily difficult. It used apostrophes to distinguish aspirated consonants, such as p'ai pronounced with a "p" sound, from unaspirated, such as pai pronounced with a "b" sound. The new Pinyin system eliminates this distinction, which most newspapers ignored anyway. "Beijing" is much closer to the Chinese pronunciation that "Peking", and Vice Premier "Deng" is better rendering than "Teng." But the new system uses some letters in ways that still confuse English speakers. Thers difficult letters are: "c" which should be prounced in this system like the "ts" in "its"; "q" which should be pronounced like the "ch" in "cheek"; "x" which should be pronounced like the "sh" in "she"; and "zh" which should be pronounced like the "j" in "jump". […]
     Reading the alphabetized words still presents problems for the Chinese, however, because the spellings do not distinguish the flur separate tones in the Chinese language that can significantly change meaning. The word "ma" can mean "mother", "horse", or "scold", depending on what tone is used. Under the Pinyin system, two neighboring provinces of northern China are both spelled "Shanxi". In this special case, one of the provinces is now spelled "Shaanzi", to indicate a different tone in the first syllable.

Translations

romanization of Mandarin Chinese

• Arabic: بِينْيِن m (bīnyin), بِينْيِن m (pīnyin)
• Armenian: փինյին (pʻinyin)
• Belarusian: піньі́нь m (pinʹínʹ)
• Bulgarian: пини́н m (pinín)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 拼音 (ping³ jam¹), 漢語拼音 / 汉语拼音 (hon³ jyu⁵ ping³ jam¹) (full name)

  Mandarin: 拼音 (zh) (pīnyīn), (full name) 漢語拼音 / 汉语拼音 (zh) (hànyǔ pīnyīn)

• Czech: pinyin m, pchin-jin m
• Esperanto: pinjino (eo)
• Finnish: pinyin
• French: pinyin (fr) m
• Georgian: პინ-ინი (ṗin-ini)
• German: Pinyin (de) n
• Hebrew: פין-יין m (pin-yin)
• Hindi: पिन्यिन (pinyin)
• Hungarian: pinjin (hu)
• Japanese: ピンイン (ja) (pin'in), 拼音 (ja) (ぴんいん, pin'in), ピン音 (ja) (pin'in), 併音 (ぴんいん, pin'in)
• Kazakh: пінін (pının)
• Korean: 병음(拼音) (byeong'eum), 한어 병음(漢語拼音) (haneo byeong'eum)
• Latvian: piņjiņs m
• Macedonian: пи́нјин (mk) m (pínjin)
• Marathi: फीनयीन (phīnyīn)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: пинь-инь (pinʹ-inʹ)

• Persian: پین‌یین (pin-yin)
• Portuguese: pinyin (pt) m, piniim m
• Romanian: pinyin (ro) n
• Russian: пиньи́нь (ru) m (pinʹínʹ), ханью́й пиньи́нь m (xanʹjúj pinʹínʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пинјин m

  Roman: pinjin m, pinyin m

• Spanish: pinyin m
• Thai: พินอิน (th) (pin-in)
• Ukrainian: піньї́нь m (pinʹjínʹ)
• Uyghur: پىنيىن (pinyin)
• Vietnamese: bính âm (拼音)
• Zhuang: ^{(please verify)} bingq, ^{(please verify)} gyoeb-yaem

Noun

Pinyin

1. A phonetic script or romanization system for various languages spoken in the People's Republic of China, e.g. Tibetan [from 20th c.]
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:Pinyin.

See also

• Tongyong Pinyin
• Gwoyeu Romatzyh
• romaji
• Wade-Giles
• Yale
• Bopomofo
• Zhuyin fuhao

Further reading

• Pinyin romanization in Encyclopædia Britannica including Pinyin to Wade-Giles conversions chart
• “Pinyin, pn.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “Pinyin”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Etymology 2

Proper noun

Pinyin

1. A Grassfields Bantu language of Cameroon.

See also

• Wiktionary's coverage of Pinyin terms

Further reading

• Ethnologue entry for Pinyin, pny ⁠

Spanish

Proper noun

Pinyin m

1. Pinyin