gießen
German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German giezen, from Old High German giozan, from Proto-West Germanic *geutan (“to pour”).
Akin to Dutch gieten, Old Saxon giotan, Old English ġēotan, Old Norse gjóta (whence Danish gyde, Swedish gjuta), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (giutan). Compare English gush.
Further Indo-European cognates include Latin fundō (“to pour, to smelt”), Ancient Greek χέω (khéō, “to pour”) and Sanskrit जुहोति (juhóti, “he sacrifices”). More at geysa, yote and found.
The sense of pouring metals and glasses is attested since Old High German times through the participle gigozzan (“poured, smelted, made by casting”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]gießen (class 2 strong, third-person singular present gießt, past tense goss, past participle gegossen, past subjunctive gösse, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to pour; usually only of liquids, especially of large quantities
- Synonym: schütten (preferred with small quantities, also used of solids)
- Das Öl wird in die Tanks gegossen. ― The oil is poured into the tanks.
- Bleigießen ― lead-pouring
- die Blumen gießen - water the flowers
- (transitive) to pour; to cast; to found (shape molten metal or glass by pouring)
- Die Statue wurde vom Künstler selbst gegossen. ― The statue was cast by the artist himself.
- Stahlgießen ― steel pouring
- (transitive, horticulture) to water
- die Blumen gießen ― to water the flowers
- Gießkanne ― watering can
- (impersonal, intransitive, of rain) to pour down; to rain strongly
- Synonym: schütten
- Es gießt. ― It’s pouring.
- Es gießt wie aus Kübeln/Eimern. ― It’s raining cats and dogs. (literally, “It’s pouring as though out of buckets.”)
Usage note: If you water the lawn you use the term "den Rasen sprengen"
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | gießen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | gießend | ||||
past participle | gegossen | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich gieße | wir gießen | i | ich gieße | wir gießen |
du gießt | ihr gießt | du gießest | ihr gießet | ||
er gießt | sie gießen | er gieße | sie gießen | ||
preterite | ich goss | wir gossen | ii | ich gösse1 | wir gössen1 |
du gossest du gosst |
ihr gosst | du gössest1 du gösst1 |
ihr gösset1 ihr gösst1 | ||
er goss | sie gossen | er gösse1 | sie gössen1 | ||
imperative | gieß (du) gieße (du) |
gießt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “Kante”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰewd-
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German strong verbs
- German class 2 strong verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- de:Horticulture
- German impersonal verbs
- German intransitive verbs