roast
English
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English rosten, a borrowing from Old French rostir (“to roast, to torture with fire”), from Frankish *rōstijan (“to roast, broil”), from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *rews- (“to crackle; roast”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian rosterje (“to roast”), Dutch roosten, roosteren (“to roast”), German rösten (“to roast”).
Displaced native Middle English breden, bræden (“to roast”), from Old English brǣdan, related to German braten (“to roast, grill”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (General American) enPR: rōst, IPA(key): /ɹoʊst/
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: rōst, IPA(key): /ɹəʊst/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -əʊst
Verb
[edit]roast (third-person singular simple present roasts, present participle roasting, simple past and past participle roasted)
- (transitive or intransitive or ergative) To cook food by heating in an oven or over a fire without covering, resulting in a crisp, possibly even slightly charred appearance.
- To cook by surrounding with hot embers, ashes, sand, etc.
- to roast a potato in ashes
- 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:
- In eggs boiled and roasted […] there is scarce difference to be discerned.
- (transitive or intransitive or ergative) To process by drying through exposure to sun or artificial heat.
- Coffee beans need roasting before use.
- to roast chestnuts or peanuts
- To heat to excess; to heat violently; to burn.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:
- roasted in wrath and fire
- (transitive, figuratively) To admonish someone vigorously.
- I'm late home for the fourth time this week; my mate will really roast me this time.
- (transitive, figuratively) To subject to bantering, severely criticize, sometimes as a comedy routine.
- The class clown enjoys being roasted by mates as well as staff.
- (metalworking) To dissipate the volatile parts of by heat, as ores.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]to cook food by heating in an oven or fire
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to cook by surrounding with hot embers, etc.
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to process by drying through heat-exposure
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to heat to excess; burn
to admonish someone vigorously
to banter, severely criticize
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Noun
[edit].jpg)
roast (plural roasts)
- A piece of meat suited to roasting; meat that has been roasted.
- Serve the roast with gravy and mashed potatoes.
- A meal consisting of roast foods.
- Come over this weekend for Sunday roast.
- The degree to which something, especially coffee, is roasted.
- Dark roast means that the coffee bean has been roasted to a higher temperature and for a longer period of time than in light roast.
- An instance of being severely admonished, criticized, roasted. [from 18th century]
- 1899, Archibald Clavering Gunter, M.S. Bradford, Special, page 58:
- “He ain’t no good!” With this she steps back to the table where Miss Montague has just tired of the Cuban, slips her arms about that seraph’s waist, and says: “Your Frank is in Washington and my Jasper has just given me a roast. Reckon we’ll both have to be bachelor girls to-night.”
- A comical event, originally fraternal, where a person is subjected to verbal attack, yet may be praised by sarcasm and jokes.
- (Canada, US) A social event at which food is roasted and eaten. [from 19th century]
- On Memorial Day we hosted a wiener roast in the backyard.
- (slang) A creative insult as a response to something someone said.
- Synonym: burn
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]piece of meat
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meal
degree of roasting
comical event
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Adjective
[edit]roast (not comparable)
- Having been cooked by roasting.
- Synonym: roasted
- (figuratively) Subjected to roasting; bantered; severely criticized. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]having been cooked by roasting
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subjected to roasting, bantered
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See also
[edit]References
[edit]- “roast”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Anagrams
[edit]Estonian
[edit]Noun
[edit]roast
Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Frankish
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/əʊst
- Rhymes:English/əʊst/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- English ergative verbs
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- en:Metalworking
- English nouns
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- Canadian English
- American English
- English slang
- English adjectives
- English uncomparable adjectives
- en:Cooking
- en:Meats
- en:Fire
- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian noun forms