BIVALVOS
BIVALVOS
BIVALVOS
La regin dorsal interna suele contener una placa charnelar con elevaciones
(dientes) y depresiones (fosetas) que son un molde de los dientes y fosetas de la
valva opuesta. Todo este conjunto se denomina denticin y queda total o
parcialmente por debajo del eje de la charnela. La denticin previene movimientos
rotacionales (salvo excepciones), alinea las valvas cuando los aductores la cierran
y mantiene el contacto entre ellas durante el proceso de excavacin.
Existen 7 tipos de denticin llamadas taxodonta, esquizodonta, disodonta,
isodonta, heterodonta, desmodonta y pachidonta. Bivalvos con ausencia de
dientes son llamados edentados.
Modo de vida:
Bisados: utilizan el biso para fijarse al sustrado duro normalmente y carecen de
capacidad para excavar con el pie, que esta muy reducido.
Cementantes: viven adheridos al sustrado duro mediante material esqueltico.
Reclinados: son bivalvos que viven sobre el sustrado blando o esta parcialmente
enterrados en el, pero carecen de capacidad para fijarse o excavar.
Nadadores: se mueven libremente por el agua mediante autopropulsin. Su alto
gasto energtico requiere que sus movimientos sean intermitentes.
Excavadores: penetran sustrato blando mediante locomocin pedal y mantienen
una posicin de vida enterrados, como minimo parcialmente.
Perforantes: ocupan permanente o semi-permanente una cavidad realizada por
ellos mismos en sustrato duro.
Rupcolas: viven en cavidad preexistentes del sustrato duro y carecen de
capacidad para excavar por si mismos.
TAXONOMIA (Bouchet, Rocroi, Bieler, Carter & Coan, 2010)
Grade Euprotobranchia
Order Fordillida
o Superfamily Fordilloidea
Family Fordillidae
Family Camyidae
Order Tuarangiida
o Family Tuarangiidae
Subclass Heterodonta
Infraclass Archiheterodonta
Order Carditoida
Superfamily Carditoidea
o Family Carditidae
o Family Condylocardidae
Superfamily Crassitelloidea
o Family Crassitellidae
o Family Astartidae
Infraclass Euheterodonta
Unassigned Euheterodonta
Superfamily Gastrochaenoidea
o Family Gastrochaenidae
Superfamily Hiatelloidea
o Family Hiatellidae
Superfamily Solenoidea
o Family Solenidae
o Family Pharidae
Order Anomalodesmata
Superfamily Clavagelloidea
o Family Clavagellidae
o Family Penicillidae
Superfamily Cuspidarioidea
o Family Cuspidariidae
Superfamily Myochamoidea
o Family Cleidothaeridae
o Family Myochamidae
Superfamily Pandoroidea
o Family Pandoridae
o Family Lyonsiidae
Superfamily Pholadomyoidea
o Family Parilimyidae
o Family Pholadomyidae
Superfamily Poromyoidea
o Family Poromyidae
Superfamily Thracioidea
o Family Thraciidae
o Family Laternulidae
o Family Periplomatidae
Superfamily Verticordioidea
o Family Lyonsiellidae
o Family Verticordidae
o Family Euciroidae
Order Myoida
Suborder Myina
o Superfamily Myoidea
Family Corbulidae
Family Myidae
o Superfamily Pholadoidea
Family Pholadidae
Family Teredinidae
Order Lucinoida
Superfamily Lucinoidea
o Family Lucinidae
Superfamily Thyasiroidea
o Family Thyasiridae
Order Veneroida
Superfamily Arcticoidea
o Family Arcticidae
o Family Trapeziidae
Superfamily Corbiculoidea
o Family Corbiculidae
Superfamily Dreissenoidea
o Family Dreissenidae
Superfamily Sphaerioidea
o Family Sphaeriidae
Superfamily Cyamioidea
o Family Cyamiidae
o Family Neoleptonidae
o Family Sportellidae
Superfamily Glossoidea
o Family Glossidae
Superfamily Tridacnoidea
o Family Tridacnidae
Superfamily Cardioidea
o Family Cardiidae
Superfamily Chamoidea
o Family Chamidae
Superfamily Galeommatoidea
o Family Galeommatidae
o Family Kellidae
o Family Lasaeidae
o Family Leptonidae
o Family Montacutidae
Superfamily Mactroidea
o Family Cardiliidae
o Family Mactridae
o Family Mesodesmatidae
Superfamily Tellinoidea
o Family Donacidae
o Family Psammobiidae
o Family Semelidae
o Family Tellinidae
o Family Solecurtidae
Superfamily Ungulinoidea
o Family Ungulinidae
Superfamily Cyrenoididae
o Family Cyrenoididae
o Family Glauconomidae
Superfamily Veneroidea
o Family Petricolidae
o Family Turtoniidae
o Family Veneridae
Subclass Palaeoheterodonta
Order Trigoniida
Order Unionoida
Subclass Protobranchia
Order Nuculanoida
Superfamily Nuculanoidea
o Family Bathyspinulidae
o Family Lametilidae accepted as Phaseolidae
o Family Malletidae
o Family Neilonellidae
o Family Nuculanidae
o Family Siliculidae
o Family Tindariidae
o Family Yoledidae
Order Nuculida
Superfamily Nuculoidea
o Family Nuculidae
o Family Praenuculidae
o Family Sareptidae
Order Solemyoida
Superfamily Manzanelloidea
o Family Manzanellidae
Superfamily Solemyoidea
o Family Solemyidae
Subclass Pteriomorphia
Order Arcoida
Superfamily Arcoidea
o Family Arcidae
o Family Cucullaeidae
o Family Glycymerididae
o Family Noetiidae
o Family Parallelodontidae
Superfamily Limopsoidea
o Family Limposidae
o Family Philobryidae
Infraclass Eupteriomorphia
Order Ostreoida
Superfamily Ostreoidea
o Family Gryphaeidae
o Family Ostreidae
Suborder Pectinoida
Superfamily Anomoiidea
o Family Anomiidae
Superfamily Plicatuloidea
o Family Plicatulidae
Superfamily Dimyoidea
o Family Dimyidae
Superfamily Pectinoidea
o Family Entoliidae
o Family Pectinidae
o Family Propeamussiidae
o Family Spondylidae
Suborder Limoida
Superfamily Limoidea
o Family Limidae
Suborder Mytiloida
Superfamily Mytiloidea
o Family Mytilidae
Suborder: Pterioida
Superfamily Pinnoidea
o Family Pinnidae
Superfamily Pteroidea
o Family Malleidae
o Family Pteriidae
o Family Pulvinitidae