TALLER N°3

NOMBRE ESTUDIANTE

ASIGNATURA:

Ecuaciones Diferenciales

DOCENTE:

POLITÉCNICO COLOMBIANO JAIME ISAZA CADAVID

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

MEDELLIN

2018
1. Solución particular: método coeficientes indeterminados: planteo por
operador anulador por superposición.

1.1. Resolver utilizando operadores anuladores 𝐲 ′′ − 𝟑𝐲 ′ = 𝟖𝐞𝟑𝐱 + 𝟒𝐬𝐞𝐧(𝐱)

𝐲 ′′ − 𝟑𝐲 ′ = 𝟖𝐞𝟑𝐱 + 𝟒𝐬𝐞𝐧(𝐱)

𝐸𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟

𝑚2 − 3𝑚 = 0, 𝑚(𝑚 − 3) = 0

𝑚=0 𝑦 𝑚=3

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑚𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑎

𝑦ℎ = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑒 3𝑥

𝐴𝑛𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟

8𝑒 3𝑥 = (𝐷 − 3)

4𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) = (𝐷2 + 1)

(𝐷 − 3)(𝐷2 + 1)(𝐷2 − 3𝐷) = (8𝑒 3𝑥 + 8𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))(𝐷 − 3)(𝐷2 + 1)

(𝐷 − 3)(𝐷2 + 1)(𝐷 − 3)𝐷 = 0

𝑚 = 3 , 𝑚 = 1𝑖 , 𝑚 = 3 , 𝑚 = 0

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙

𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥

Solución homogénea y solución particular.

𝑦𝑝 = 𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥

𝑦 ′ 𝑝 = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥

 𝑦 ′′ 𝑝 = −𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 3𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥

𝑦 ′′ 𝑝 = −𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 6𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥

𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙.
(−𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 6𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 )
− 3(𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 ) = 8𝑒 3𝑥 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)

−𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 6𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 − 3𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 3𝐵𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 3𝐶𝑒 3𝑥

− 9𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 = 8𝑒 3𝑥 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)

−𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 6𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 − 3𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 3𝐵𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 3𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 = 8𝑒 3𝑥 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)

3𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 = 8𝑒 3𝑥 ≈ 3𝐶 = 8 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 1.
𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)(−𝐴 + 3𝐵) = 4𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) ≈ −𝐴 + 3𝐵 = 4 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 2.
cos(𝑥) (−𝐵 − 3𝐴) = 0 ≈ −𝐵 − 3𝐴 = 0 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 3.
8
𝑑𝑒 1. 𝐶 =
3
𝑑𝑒 2.
3𝐵 − 4 = 𝐴 𝑒𝑛 3
−𝐵 − 3(3𝐵 − 4) = 0, −𝐵 − 9𝐵 + 12 = 0, −10𝐵 = −12
6
𝐵= 𝑒𝑛 2
5
6 2
𝐴 = 3 ( ) − 4, 𝐴=−
5 5
Solución general.
2 6 8
𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑒 3𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + cos(𝑥) + 𝑥𝑒 3𝑥
5 5 3

1.2 Resolver utilizando operadores anuladores 𝐲 ′′ + 𝟑𝐲 = −𝟒𝟖𝐱 𝟐 𝐞𝟑𝐱

𝐲 ′′ + 𝟑𝐲 = −𝟒𝟖𝐱 𝟐 𝐞𝟑𝐱

𝐸𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟

𝑚2 + 3 = 0
 𝑚 = √3𝑖

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑚𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑎

𝑦ℎ = 𝐶1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(√3𝑥) + 𝐶2 cos(√3𝑥)

𝐴𝑛𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟

−48𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥 = (𝐷 − 3)3

(𝐷 − 3)3 (𝐷2 + 1) = (−48𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥 )(𝐷 − 3)3

(𝐷 − 3)3 (𝐷2 + 1) = 0

𝑚 = 3 , 𝑚 = 3 , 𝑚 = 3 , 𝑚 = √3𝑖

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙

𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(√3𝑥) + 𝐶2 cos(√3𝑥) + 𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥

solución homogénea y solución particular.

𝑦𝑝 = 𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥

𝑦 ′ 𝑝 = 3𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 2𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥

𝑦 ′′ 𝑝 = 9𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐵𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐵𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 2𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 6𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 6𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥

𝑦 ′′ 𝑝 = 9𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 6𝐵𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 2𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 12𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥

𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙.
(9𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 6𝐵𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 2𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 12𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥 )
+ 3(𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥 ) = −48𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥

9𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 6𝐵𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 2𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 + 12𝐶𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 9𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐴𝑒 3𝑥 + 3𝐵𝑥𝑒 3𝑥

+ 3𝐶𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥 = −48𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥

−𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 6𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 − 3𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) + 3𝐵𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 3𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 = 8𝑒 3𝑥 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)

 𝑒 3𝑥 (12𝐴 + 6𝐵 + 2𝐶) = 0 ≈ 12𝐴 + 6𝐵 + 2𝐶 = 0 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 1.
𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 (12𝐵 + 12𝐶) = 0 ≈ 12𝐵 + 12𝐶 = 0 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 2.
x 2 𝑒 3𝑥 (12𝐶) = −48𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥 ≈ 12𝐶 = −48 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 3.
−48
𝑑𝑒 3. 𝐶 = , 𝐶 = −4
12
𝑑𝑒 2.
12𝐵 + 12𝐶, 𝐵 = −𝐶, 𝐵=4
𝐶 = −4 𝑌 𝐵 = 4 𝑒𝑛 1
12𝐴 = −6𝐵 − 2𝐶, 12𝐴 = −24 + 8
4
12𝐴 = −16 , 𝐴=−
3
Solución general.
4
𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(√3𝑥) + 𝐶2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(√3𝑥) − 𝑒 3𝑥 + 4𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 − 4𝑥 2 𝑒 3𝑥
3

2. Solución particular: Método coeficientes indeterminados. Solución

particular método variación de parámetros.

2.1 Resolver E.D. por variación de parámetros 𝒚′′ + 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐞𝐜(𝒙)

𝒚′′ + 𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑚𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑎
𝑚2 + 1 = 0, 𝑚 = 1𝑖
𝑦ℎ = 𝐶1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝐶2 cos(𝑥)
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟.
𝑦𝑝 = 𝑢1 𝑦1 + 𝑢2 𝑦2

𝑦1 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑦2 = cos(𝑥)
𝑦1 𝑦2 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) cos(𝑥) 2 2
𝑊 = |𝑦´
1 𝑦´2 | = | cos(𝑥) −𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)| = −𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑥) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑥)

𝑊 = −1
 0 cos(𝑥)
𝑊1 = | | = 0 − cos(𝑥) ∗ sec(𝑥) = −1
sec(𝑥) −𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)
𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 0
𝑊2 = | | = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) ∗ sec(𝑥) − 0 = tan(𝑥)
cos(x) sec(𝑥)
𝑊1 −1
𝑢1 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑊 −1
𝑊2 tan(𝑥)
𝑢2 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ln(cos(𝑥))
𝑊 −1
𝑦𝑝 = 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + ln(cos(𝑥)) cos(𝑥)

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙.
𝑦 = 𝑦ℎ + 𝑦𝑝

𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝐶2 cos(𝑥) + 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + ln(cos(𝑥)) cos(𝑥)

𝒆𝟑𝒙
2.2 Resolver E.D. por variación de parámetros 𝒚′′ − 𝟑𝒚′ + 𝟐𝒚 =
𝟏+𝒆𝒙

𝒚′′ − 𝟑𝒚′ + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑚𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑎
𝑚2 − 3𝑚 + 2 = 0, (𝑚 − 2)(𝑚 − 1) = 0
𝑚=2 𝑚=1
𝑦ℎ = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 𝑥
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟.
𝑦𝑝 = 𝑢1 𝑦1 + 𝑢2 𝑦2

𝑦1 = 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦2 = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑦1 𝑦2 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 | = 𝑒 3𝑥 − 2𝑒 3𝑥
𝑊 = |𝑦´ 𝑦´2 | = |
1 2𝑒 2𝑥 𝑒𝑥
𝑊 = −𝑒 3𝑥
0 𝑒𝑥 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑒 4𝑥
𝑊1 = | 𝑒 3𝑥 𝑥| = 0 − = −
𝑒 1 + 𝑒𝑥 1 + 𝑒𝑥
1 + 𝑒𝑥
𝑒 2𝑥 0 𝑒 5𝑥 𝑒 5𝑥
3𝑥
𝑊2 = | 𝑒 |= +0=
2𝑒 2𝑥 𝑥
1 + 𝑒𝑥 1 + 𝑒𝑥
1+𝑒
 𝑒 4𝑥
𝑊1 − 1 + 𝑒𝑥 𝑒𝑥
𝑢1 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ln|1 + 𝑒 𝑥 |
𝑊 −𝑒 3𝑥 1 + 𝑒𝑥
𝑒 5𝑥 2𝑥
𝑊2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − ∫ 𝑒
𝑢2 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 1 + 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = (−1 − 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑛|1 + 𝑒 𝑥 |)
𝑊 −𝑒 1 + 𝑒𝑥
𝑦𝑝 = 𝑒 2𝑥 ln|1 + 𝑒 𝑥 | + 𝑒 𝑥 (−1 − 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑛|1 + 𝑒 𝑥 |)

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙.
𝑦 = 𝑦ℎ + 𝑦𝑝

𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝐶2 cos(𝑥) + 𝑒 2𝑥 ln|1 + 𝑒 𝑥 | + 𝑒 𝑥 (−1 − 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑛|1 + 𝑒 𝑥 |)

3. E.D. de Cauchy-Euler.
𝟏
3.1 Resolver E.D. por Cauchy-Euler 𝒙𝟐 𝒚′′ − 𝟒𝒙𝒚 + 𝟔𝒚 =
𝒙

𝒙𝟐 𝒚′′ − 𝟒𝒙𝒚′ + 𝟔𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑚𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑎
𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑚 , 𝑦 ′ = 𝑚𝑥 𝑚−1 , 𝑦 ′′ = (𝑚2 − 𝑚)𝑥 𝑚−2
𝑥 2 (𝑚2 − 𝑚)𝑥 𝑚−2 − 4𝑥(𝑚𝑥 𝑚−1 ) + 6𝑥 𝑚 = 0
(𝑚2 − 𝑚)𝑥 𝑚 − 4𝑚𝑥 𝑚 + 6𝑥 𝑚 = 0
(𝑚2 − 𝑚 − 4𝑚 + 6)𝑥 𝑚 = 0
𝑚2 − 5𝑚 + 6 = 0
(𝑚 − 3)(𝑚 − 2) = 0
𝑚=3 𝑦𝑚=2
𝑦ℎ = 𝐶1 𝑥 3 + 𝐶2 𝑥 2
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟.
𝑦𝑝 = 𝑢1 𝑦1 + 𝑢2 𝑦2

𝑦1 = 𝑥 3 𝑦2 = 𝑥 2
𝑦1 𝑦2 𝑥3 x 2 | = 2𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 4
𝑊 = |𝑦´ 𝑦´2 | = |
1 3𝑥 2 2𝑥
𝑊 = −𝑥 4
 0 x2 𝑥2
𝑊1 = |1 |=0− = −𝑥
2𝑥 𝑥
𝑥
𝑥3 0 𝑥3
𝑊2 = | 2 1| = − 0 = x2
3𝑥 𝑥
𝑥
𝑊1 −𝑥 1
𝑢1 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 4 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 −3 𝑑𝑥 = − 2
𝑊 −𝑥 2𝑥
𝑊2 x2 1
𝑢2 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 4 𝑑𝑥 = − ∫ 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑊 −𝑥 𝑥
1 1
𝑦𝑝 = 𝑥 3 (− 2
) + 𝑥2( )
2𝑥 𝑥
𝑥
𝑦𝑝 = − + 𝑥
2
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙.
𝑦 = 𝑦ℎ + 𝑦𝑝
𝑥
𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑥 3 + 𝐶2 𝑥 2 − +𝑥
2

3.1 Resolver E.D. por Cauchy-Euler 𝒙𝟑 𝒚(𝟑) + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 𝒚′′ − 𝟑𝒙𝒚′ = 𝐱𝐥𝐧(𝐱)

𝒙𝟑 𝒚(𝟑) + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 𝒚′′ − 𝟑𝒙𝒚′ = 𝟎

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑚𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑎
𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑚 , 𝑦 ′ = 𝑚𝑥 𝑚−1 , 𝑦 ′′ = (𝑚2 − 𝑚)𝑥 𝑚−2 , 𝑦 (3) = (𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 + 2𝑚)𝑥 𝑚−3
𝑥 3 (𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 + 2𝑚)𝑥 𝑚−3 + 3𝑥 2 (𝑚2 − 𝑚)𝑥 𝑚−2 − 3𝑥𝑚𝑥 𝑚−1 = 0
(𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 + 2𝑚)𝑥 𝑚 + 3(𝑚2 − 𝑚)𝑥 𝑚 − 3𝑚𝑥 𝑚 = 0
(𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 3𝑚2 − 3𝑚 − 3𝑚)𝑥 𝑚 = 0
(𝑚3 − 4𝑚) = 0
𝑚(𝑚 − 2)(𝑚 + 2) = 0
𝑚 = 0 𝑦 𝑚 = 2 𝑦 𝑚 = −2
𝑦ℎ = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 2 + 𝐶3 𝑥 −2
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟.
 𝑦𝑝 = 𝑢1 𝑦1 + 𝑢2 𝑦2 + 𝑢3 𝑦3

𝑦1 = 1 𝑦2 = 𝑥 2 𝑦3 = 𝑥 −2
𝑦1 𝑦2 𝑦3
′
1 𝑥2 𝑥 −2
𝑊 = |𝑦 1 𝑦 ′2 𝑦 ′ 3 | = |0 2𝑥 −2𝑥 −3 |
𝑦 ′′1 𝑦 ′′ 2 𝑦 ′′ 3 0 2 6𝑥 −4

𝑊 = 1 ∗ |2𝑥 −2𝑥 −3 | − 𝑥 2 ∗ |0 −2𝑥 −3 | + 𝑥 −2 |0 2𝑥 |

2 6𝑥 −4 0 6𝑥 −4 0 2
𝑊 = (12𝑥 −3 + 4𝑥 −3 ) − 𝑥 2 (0 − 0) + 𝑥 −2 (0 − 0)
16
𝑊=
𝑥3
0 𝑥2 𝑥 −2
𝑊1 = | 0 2𝑥 −2𝑥 −3 |
𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 2 6𝑥 −4

−2𝑥 −3 | − 𝑥 2 ∗ | 0 −2𝑥 −3 0 2𝑥
𝑊1 = 0 ∗ |2𝑥 −4 −4 | + 𝑥
−2
| |
2 6𝑥 𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 6𝑥 𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥 2
𝑊1 = −𝑥 2 (0 + 2𝑥 −2 ln(𝑥)) + 𝑥 −2 (0 − 2𝑥 2 ln(𝑥))
𝑊1 = −2 ln(𝑥) − 2 ln(𝑥) = −4ln(𝑥)
1 0 𝑥 −2
𝑊2 = |0 0 −2𝑥 −3 |
0 𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 6𝑥 −4
0 −2𝑥 −3 0 −2𝑥 −3 | + 𝑥 −2 |0 0
𝑊2 = 1 ∗ | −4 | − 0 ∗ | |
𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 6𝑥 0 6𝑥 −4 0 2𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥)

𝑊2 = (0 + 2𝑥 −2 ln(𝑥)) − 0 + 0 = 2𝑥 −2 ln(𝑥)
1 𝑥2 0
𝑊3 = |0 2𝑥 0 |
0 2 𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥)
2𝑥 0 0 0 0 2𝑥
𝑊3 = 1 ∗ | | − 𝑥2 ∗ | | + 0| |
2 𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 0 𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 0 2
𝑊3 = (2𝑥 2 ln(𝑥) − 0) − 0 + 0 = 2𝑥 2 ln(𝑥)
𝑊1 −4ln(𝑥) 1
𝑢1 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = − ∫ 𝑥 3 ln(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑊 16 4
𝑥3
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥 3 𝑢 = ln(𝑥)
Integración por partes 𝑥4 1
𝑣= 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑥
4
 1 𝑥 4 ln(𝑥) 1 𝑥 4
𝑢1 = − ( − ∫ 𝑑𝑥)
4 4 4 𝑥
𝑥 4 ln(𝑥) 𝑥 4
𝑢1 = (− + )
16 64
𝑊2 2𝑥 −2 ln(𝑥) 1
𝑢2 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 ln(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑊 16 8
𝑥3
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥 𝑢 = ln(𝑥)
Integración por partes 𝑥2 1
𝑣= 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑥
2

1 𝑥 2 ln(𝑥) 1 𝑥 2
𝑢2 = ( − ∫ 𝑑𝑥)
8 2 2 𝑥
𝑥 2 ln(𝑥) 𝑥 2
𝑢2 = ( − )
16 32
𝑊3 2𝑥 2 ln(𝑥) 1 ln(𝑥)
𝑢3 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑊 16 8 𝑥
𝑥3
𝑑𝑥
Cambio de variable 𝑢 = ln(𝑥) , 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑥

1
𝑢3 = ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢
8
1 𝑢2
𝑢3 =
8 2
(ln(𝑥))2
𝑢3 =
16
𝑥 4 ln(𝑥) 𝑥 4 𝑥 2 ln(𝑥) 𝑥 2 (ln(𝑥))2
𝑦𝑝 = (− + ) + 𝑥2 ( − ) + 𝑥 −2
16 64 16 32 16

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙.
𝑦 = 𝑦ℎ + 𝑦𝑝

𝑥 4 ln(𝑥) 𝑥 4 𝑥 2 ln(𝑥) 𝑥 2
𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 2 + 𝐶3 𝑥 −2 + (− + ) + 𝑥2 ( − )
16 64 16 32
−2
(ln(𝑥))2
+𝑥
16