UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA

CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA DE LA PRODUCCIÓN

ASIGNATURA: Análisis Numérico

NOMBRE: Kenneth Benavides
CURSO: IPR-NO 4-2
FECHA: 15/7/2020
DOCENTE: Ing. Víctor Merino
3.1 Convierta los numero que se presentan base 2 a base 10: a)101101; b)110.011;
c)0.01101

a) 1x25 0x24 1x23 1x22 0x21 1x20

32+0+8+ 4 +0+1=4510

b) 1x22 1x21 0x20 0x2-1 1x2-2 1x2-3

4 +2+0+ 0+0.25+0.125=6.37510

c) 0x20 0x2-1 1x2-2 1x2-3 0x2-4 1x2-5

0+ 0+0.125+0+0.13125=0.2562 510
3.2 Convierta los siguientes números base 8 a base 10: 71 263 y 3.147.
a) 71 263 b) 3.147
A) 71263
7x84 1x83 2x82 6x81 3x80

28672+512+128+48+ 3=29363
B) 3.147
3.x80 1x8-1 4x8-2 7x8-3
3+0.125+ 0.0625+ 0.013671875=3.20117187 5 10
3.3 Realice su propio programa con base en la figura 3.11 y úselo para determinar la
épsilon de máquina de su computadora.
function EP = epssilon()
epssilon=1;
while(1)
if epssilon+1¿ 1, break, end
epsilon= épsilon/2;
end
EP=2*epsilon;
end

3.6 Evalúe e−5con el uso de dos métodos

−x x2 x3
e =1−x + − +…
2 3!
1 1
e− x = =
ex x x3
2
1+ x + + +…
2 3!
y compárelo con el valor verdadero de 6.737947 ×10−3. Utilice 20 términos para evaluar
cada serie y calcule los errores relativos aproxi-mado y verdadero como términos que se
agregaran.

−x x2 x3
e =1−x + − +…
2 3!
1. e−5=1

2. e−5=1−(−5 )=6

−5 ( 5 )2
3. e =1−(−5 ) + =18.5
2

(−5 )2 (−5)3
4. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − =39.333
2 3!

−5 (−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5)4

5. e =1−(−5 ) + − + =65.375
2 3! 4!
 (−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5
6. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + − =91.41666
2 3! 4! 5!

−5 (−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5

7. e =1−(−5 ) + − + − +¿¿
2 3! 4! 5!
−5 (−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5
8. e =1−(−5 ) + − + − +¿¿
2 3! 4! 5!

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5

9. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + − +¿¿
2 3! 4! 5!

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5

10. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + − +¿¿
2 3! 4! 5!

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5

11. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + − +¿¿
2 3! 4! 5!

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5

12. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + − +¿¿
2 3! 4! 5!

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )5

13. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + − +¿¿
2 3! 4! 5!

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )13

14. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + …− =148.30956820
2 3! 4! 13 !

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )14

15. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + …+ =148.37958007
2 3! 4! 14 !

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )15

16. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + …− =148.40291737
2 3! 4! 15 !

−5 (−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )16

17. e =1−(−5 ) + − + …+ =148.41021027
2 3! 4! 16 !

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )17

18. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + …− =148.41235524
2 3! 4! 17 !

−5 (−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )18

19. e =1−(−5 ) + − + …+ =148.41295107
2 3! 4! 18 !

(−5 )2 (−5 )3 (−5 )4 (−5 )19

20. e−5=1−(−5 ) + − + …− =148.41310786
2 3! 4! 19 !
Error relativo porcentual
 Et = |valor verdadero−valor calculado
valor verdadero |×100 %
6.736947 ×1 0−3−1
1.
| 6.737947× 10−3 |
×100 %=14741.315908211

6.736947 ×1 0−3−6
2.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
× 100 %=88947.891544945

6.736947 ×1 0−3−18.5
3.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=274464.34433025

6.736947 ×1 0−3−39.33
4.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=583657.9310137

6.736947 ×1 0−3−65.375
5.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=970151.0275014

6.736947 ×1 0−3−91.4166
6.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
× 100 %=1356643.53033642

6.736947 ×1 0−3−113.118055
7.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
×100 %=1678720.79660169

6.736947 ×1 0−3−128.61902761
8.
| 6.737947 × 10−3 |
×100 %=1908775.91739739

6.736947 ×1 0−3−138.30716765
9.
| 6.737947× 10−3 |
×100 %=2052560.36746801

6.736947 ×1 0−3−143.68945656
10.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=2132440.61749076

6.736947 ×1 0−3−146.38060102
11.
| 6.737947 × 10−3 |
×100 %=2172380.74257634

6.736947 ×1 0−3−147.60384850
12.
| 6.737947× 10−3 |
×100 %=2190535.34486098

6.736947 ×1 0−3−148.11353492
13.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
×100 %=2198099.76247958
 6.736947 ×1 0−3−148.30955820
14.
| 6.737947× 10−3 |
×100 %=2201009.15387135

6.736947 ×1 0−3−148.37958007
15.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=2202048.22215135

6.736947 ×1 0−3−148.40291737
16.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=2202394.57839309

6.736947 ×1 0−3−148.41021027
17.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=2202502.81462588

6.736947 ×1 0−3−148.41255524
18.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
× 100 %=2202534.64880326

−3
6.736947 ×1 0 −148.41295107
19.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=2202543.49170452

6.736947 ×1 0−3−148.41310786
20.
| 6.737947× 1 0−3 |
×100 %=2202545.81867444

Error prefijado Es ¿ ( 0 . 5 ×1 02−4 ) % si n=3

Es= 0.05%
aproximacion actual−aproximación anterior
× 100 %
aproximación actual
1.

6−1
2. ×100 %=83.333
6

18.5−6
3. ×100 %=67.56756757
18.5

39.333−18.5
4. × 100 %=52.96606184
39.333

65.375−39.333
5. × 100 %=39.83479924
65.375

91.41666−65.375
6. ×100 %=28.48678161
91.41666
 113.1180555−91.41666
7. × 100 %=19.18472647
113.1180555

128.61904761−113.1180555
8. ×100 %=12.05186351
128.61904761

138.30716765−128.61904761
9. ×100 %=7.00478522
138.30716765

143.68945656−138.30716765
10. × 100 %=3.745778597
143.68945656

146.38060102−143.68945656
11. ×100 %=1.838457037
146.38060102

147.60384850−146.38060102
12. ×100 %=0.8287368469
147.60384850

148.11353495−147.60384850
13. × 100 %=0.3441187533
148.11353495

148.30956820−148.11353495
14. × 100 %=0.1321784241
148.30956820

148.37958007−148.30956820
15. × 100 %=0.04718430256→ Ea< Es
148.37958007

148.40291737−148.37958007
16. × 100 %=0.01572563425
148.40291737

148.41021027−148.40291737
17. × 100 %=4.914015004 ×1 0−3
148.41021027

148.41235524−148.41021027
18. ×100 %=1.445277246 ×1 0−3
148.41235524

148.41295107−148.41235524
19. ×100 %=4.014676588 ×1 0−4
148.41295107

148.41310786−148.41295107
20. × 100 %=1.056443075× 10−4
148.41310786

# de Términos Resultado Et% Ea%

agregados
1 6 14741.315908211 100

2 18.5 88947.891544945 83.333

 3 39.33 274464.34433025 67.56756757

4 39.33 583657.9310137 52.96606184

5 65.37 970151.027501 39.83479924

6 91.4166 1356643.5303364 28.48678161

7 113.118055 1678720.79660169 19.18472647

8 128.6190476 1908775.91739739 12.05186351

9 138.3071676 2052560.36746801 7.00478522

10 143.68945656 2132440.61749076 3.745778597

11 145.3806010 2172380.74257634 1.838457037

12 147.6038485 2190535.34486098 0.8287368469

13 148.1135349 2198099.76247958 0.3441187533

14 148.3095682 2201009.15387135 0.1321784241

15 148.3795800 2202048.22215135 0.04718430256

16 148.4029173 2202394.57839309 0.01572563425

17 148.4102102 2202502.81462588 4.914015004×10^(-3)

18 148.4123552 2202534.64880326 4.914015004×10^(-3)

19 148.4129510 2202543.49170452 4.014676588×10^(-4)

20 148.4131078 2202545.81867444 1.056443075×10^(-4)

1 1
e− x = =
ex x x3
2
1+ x + + +…
2 3!
5 1
1. e = =1
1

5 1
2. e = =0.166666667
1+5

1
e 5= =0.054054054
3. 52
1+5+
2
 1
e 5= =0.02542372
4. 5 2 53
1+5+ +
2 3!

1
e 5= =0.01529636
5 53 5 4
2
5.
1+5+ + +
2 3! 4 !

1
e 5= =0.01093892
5 53 5 4 5 5
2
6.
1+5+ + + +
2 3! 4 ! 5 !

1
e 5= =0.00884032
5 5 5 4 5 5 56
2 3
7.
1+5+ + + + +
2 3! 4 ! 5 ! 6 !

1
e 5= =0.00777489
5 5 5 4 5 5 56 5 7
2 3
8.
1+5+ + + + + +
2 3! 4 ! 5 ! 6 ! 7 !

1
e 5= =0.00723028
5 5 5 5 5 56 5 7 58
2 3 4
9.
1+5+ + + + + + +
2 3! 4 ! 5 ! 6 ! 7 ! 8 !

1
e 5= =0.00695945
5 5 5 5 5 56 5 7 58 5 9
2 3 4
10.
1+5+ + + + + + + +
2 3! 4 ! 5 ! 6 ! 7 ! 8 ! 9!

1
e 5= =0.00653100
11. 5 53
2
510
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 10 !

1
e 5= =0.00677489
5 53
2
12. 511
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 11!

1
e 5= =0.00675157
5 53
2
13. 512
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 12 !

1
e 5= =0.00674265
5 53
2
14. 513
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 13 !
 1
e 5= =0.00673947
5 53
2
15. 514
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 14 !

1
e 5= =0.00673841
5 53
2
16. 515
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 15 !

1
e 5= =0.00673808
5 53
2
17. 516
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 16 !

1
e 5= =0.00673798
5 53
2
18. 517
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 17 !

1
e 5= =0.00673795
5 53 2
19. 518
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 18 !
5 1
e= =0.00673994
20. 5 2 53 519
1+5+ + + …+
2 3! 19 !

Error relativo porcentual

Et = |valor verdadero−valor calculado

valor verdadero |×100 %
6.736947 ×1 0−3−1
1.
| 6.737947× 10−3 |
×100 %=14741.31590824

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.166666667
2.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
× 100 %=2373.55265186

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.854054054
3.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
× 100 %=702.23309153

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.02542372
4.
| 6.737947× 10−3 |
×100 %=277.32146008

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.01529636
5.
| 6.737947 ×1 0−3 |
× 100 %=127.01811

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.01093892
6.
| 6.737947× 10−3 |
×100 %=62.34996742
 6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00884032
7.
| 6.737947× 10
−3 |
×100 %=31.20198185

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00777489
8.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=15.38959864

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00723028
9.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=7.306869585

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.0695945
10.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |× 100 %=3.287395998

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00683150
11.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=1.388449627

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00677489
12.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=0.5482827336

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00675157
13.
| 6.737947 ×1 0
−3 |
× 100 %=0.2021832466

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00674265
14.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=0.06979870872

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00673947
15.
| 6.737947 ×1 0
−3 |
× 100 %=0.02260332413

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00673841
16.
| 6.737947× 10
−3 |
×100 %=6871529266 ×1 0−3

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00673808
17.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=1.973895016 × 10−3

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00673798
18.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=4.89763425 ×1 0−4

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00673795
19.
| 6.737947× 1 0
−3 |
×100 %=4.452394772× 10−5

6.736947 ×1 0−3−0.00673794
20.
| 6.737947 ×1 0
−3 |
× 100 %=1.038892114 × 10−4
Error prefijado Es ¿ ( 0 . 5 ×1 02−4 ) % si n=3

Es= 0.05%
aproximacion actual−aproximación anterior
× 100 %
aproximación actual

1. |0.166666667−1
0.16666667 |
×100 %=499.9999999

2. |0.054054054−0.166666667
0.054054054 |× 100 %=208.33333337
3. |0.2542372−0.054054054
0.2542372 |×100 %=112.6126861
4. |0.01529636−0.2542372
0.01529636 |×100 %=66.20764679
5. |0.01529636−0.2542372
0.01529636 |×100 %=66.20764679
6. |0.01093892−0.01529636
0.01093892 |×100 %=39.8342798
7. |0.00884032−0.01093892
0.00884032 |× 100 %=23.73895968
8. |0.0077789−0.00884032
0.0077789 |×100 %=13.70347362
9. |0.00723028−0.0077789
0.00723028 |×100 %=7.532350061
10. |0.00695945−0.00723028
0.00695945 |×100 %=3.891543154
11. |0.00683150−0.00695945
0.00674265 |×100 %=0.1322921997
12. |0.00677489−0.00683150
0.00677489 |×100 %=0.8355855224
13. |0.00675157−0.00677489
0.00675157 |×100 %=0.3454011437
 14. |0.00674265−0.00675157
0.00674265 |×100 %=0.1322921997
15. |0.00673947−0.00674265
0.00673947 |×100 %=0.04718471929→ Ea< Es
16. |0.00673841−0.00673947
0.00673841 |×100 %=0.01573071392
17. |0.00673808−0.00673841
0.00673808 |×100 %=0.004897537577
18. |0.00673798−0.00673808
0.00673798 |×100 %=0.001484124322
19. |0.00673795−0.00673798
0.00673795 |×100 %=4.45239279× 10 −4

20. |0.006733794−0.00673795
0.006733794 |× 100 %=1.484133133× 10 −4

# de Términos Resultado Et% Ea%

agregados
1 1 14741.31590824 499.9999999
2 0.166666667 2373.55265186 208.33333337
3 0.054054054 702.23309153 112.6126861
4 0.02542372 277.32146008 66.20764679
5 0.01529636 127.01811 66.20764679
6 0.01093892 62.34996742 39.8342798
7 0.00884032 31.20198185 23.73895968
8 0.00777489 15.38959864 13.70347362
9 0.00723028 7.306869585 7.532350061
10 0.00695945 3.287395998 3.891543154

11 0.00653100 1.388449627 0.1322921997

12 0.00677489 0.5482827336 0.8355855224
13 0.00675157 0.3454011437 0.3454011437
14 0.00674265 0.1322921997 0.1322921997
 15 0.00673947 0.02260332413 0.04718471929 → Ea< Es
16 0.00673841 6871529266 ×1 0−3 0.01573071392
17 0.00673808 1.973895016 ×1 0−3 0.004897537577
18 0.00673798 0.001484124322 0.001484124322

19 0.00673795 4.45239279 ×1 0−4 4.45239279 ×1 0−4

20 0.00673994 1.484133133 ×1 0−4 1.484133133 ×1 0−4

3.7 La derivada de f ( x )=1 /(1−3 x 2)esta dada por:

6x
(1−3 x 2 )2
¿Esperaría dificultades para evaluar esta función para x=0.577?
Inténtelo con aritmética de 3 y 4 dígitos con corte

6(0.5777)
f ´ ( x )= = 2360160,5=Solución real
(1−3(0.5777)2 )2
 Con 4 dígitos

6(0.577)
= 2352913,743=solución calculada
(1−3 (0.577)2)2
Solución real−Solucióncalculada
ERP= x 100=¿
Soluciónreal
2360160,56−2352410,793
ERP= x 100=¿
2360160,56
ERP=0,31 %

 Con 3 dígitos

6(0.57)
=5342,99984=valor calculado
(1−3 (0.57)2)2
Valor real−Valor calculada
ERP= x 100=¿
Valor real
2360160,56−5342,99984
ERP= x 100=¿
2360160,56
ERP=99,77 %
3.7 a) Evalué el polinomio y=x 3−5 x 2 +6 x+ 0.55en x=1,37 utilice aritmética de 3
dígitos con corte. Evalué el error relativo porcentual.
b) repita el inciso a) pero exprese y como y= ( ( x+5 ) x +6 ) x+ 0,55

a. y=x 3−5 x 2 +6 x+ 0.55

y=(1.137)3−5 ( 1,37 )2 +6 ( 1,37 ) +0,55

y=1,956853

ERP= |1,96−1,956853
1,96 |∗100 %
ERP=0,16 %

b. y= ( ( x+5 ) x +6 ) x+ 0,55

y= ( ( 1,37+5 ) 1,37+6 ) 1,37+0,55

y=1,956853

ERP= |1,96−1,956853
1,96 |∗100 %
ERP=0,16 %
3.10 Determine el número de términos necesarios para aproximar cos(x) a 8 cifras
significativas con el uso de la serie de Maclaurin.
cos ⁡(0.3 π) ≈ 1
cos ( 0.3 π ) ≈ 1−¿ ¿
0.555867802−1
Ea = =−0.799
0.555867802
cos ( 0.3 π ) ≈ 1−¿ ¿
0.572305−0.555867802
Ea = =0.0287
0.572305
cos ( 0.3 π ) ≈ 1−¿ ¿
0.572285307−0.572305586
Ea = =−3.5∗1 0−5
0.572285307
cos ( 0.3 π ) ≈ 1−¿ ¿
0.5722853072−0.5722853068
Ea = =7.8∗1 0−10
0. 5722853072
cos ⁡(0.3 π) ≈ 0.57228531
3.11 Utilice aritmética de 5 digitos con corte para determinar las raíces de la
ecuación siguiente, por medio de las ecuaciones (3,12) y (3.13)
x 2−5000.002 x +10
x 1,2=500± √ ¿ ¿ ¿
500± √(24999980.000004)
¿
2
5000.002± 4999.998
¿
2
x 1=5000
x 2=0.002
Error calculado aproximado
5000−4999.9
e t ( x 1 )= =0.00002
5000
0.002−0.05
e t ( x 2 )= =−24
0.002
Otro método
5000−200
Et ( x 1 ) = =0.96
5000
0.002−0.002
Et ( x 2 ) = =0
0.002