EJERCICIOS DE FUNCIONES VECTORIALES

1.

Vector Velocidad

V=dr/dt

r(t) = (t+1)i + (t2-1)j + 2tk ; t=1

r(t)´ = (1+0)i + (2t-0)j + (2k)  i + 2tj + 2k

r(t)´ = i + 2tj + 2k  i + 2(1)j + 2k

r(1) = i +2j + 2k
Vector aceleración

a = d2 r/dt2

a(t)´´ = i +2tj + 2k ; t=1

a(t)´´ = 0i + 2j + 0k

a(t) = 2j

r(t) = (t+1)i + (t2-1)j + 2tk ; t=1

r(t) = (1+1)i + (12-1)j + 2(1)k

r(t) = 2i + 0j + 2k  (2 , 0 , 2)

Rapidez

|v(1)| = √((1)2 + (2)2 + (2)2)

|v(1)| =√(1+4+4) = √9

|v(1)| = 3

Dirección

V(1)/ |v(1)| = (i +2j + 2k)/3

V(1)/ |v(1)| =1/3i +2/3j + 2/3k

V(1)/ |v(1)| = 3(1/3 i +2/3 j + 2/3 k)

2.

Vector Velocidad

V=dr/dt

r(t) = (t+1)i + (t2/√2)j + t2 /3 k ; t=1

r(t)´ = (1+0)i + (√2t)j + (2t/3 k)  i + √2t j + 2t/3 k

r(t)´ = i + √2t j + 2t/3 k  i + √2 (1)j + 2(1)/3 k

r(1) = i + √2 j + 2/3 k

Vector aceleración

a = d2 r/dt2

a(t)´´ = i + √2t j + 2/3 k ; t=1

a(t)´´ = 0i + √2j + 2/3 k

a(t) = 0i + √2j + 2/3 k

r(t) = (t+1)i + (t2/√2)j + t2 /3 k ; t=1

r(t) = (1+1)i + (12/√2)j + 12 /3 k

r(t) = 2i + 1/√2j + 1 /3 k  (2 , 1/√2 , 1 /3)

Rapidez

|v(1)| = √((0)2 + (√2)2 + (2/3)2)

|v(1)| =√(1+2+0.44) = √3.44

|v(1)| = 1.8

Dirección

V(1)/ |v(1)| = (i + √2 j + 2/3 k)/1.8

V(1)/ |v(1)| =(1/1.8 i +√2/1.8 j + 2/5.4 k)

V(1)/ |v(1)| = 1.8(1/1.8 i +√2/1.8 j + 2/5.4 k)

3.

Vector Velocidad

V=dr/dt

r(t) = (2cos(t))i + (3sin(t))j + 4t k ; t = π/2

r(t)´ = (-2sent)i + (3cost)j + (4 k)  = (-2sen(π/2))i + (3cos (π/2))j +

(4 k)

r(t)´ = (-2sen(π/2))i + (3cos (π/2))j + (4 k)

r(1) = (-2.02)i + (3.9)j + (4 )k

Vector aceleración

a = d2 r/dt2

a(t)´´ =(2cos(t))i + (3sin(t))j + 4t k ; t=1

a(t)´´ = (-2cost)i + (-3sint)j + (k)  (-2cos(1))i + (-3sin(1))j + (k)

a(t)´´ = -1.9i + -0.04j + 0k

a(t) = -1.9i + 0.04j + 0 k

r(t) = (2cos(t))i + (3sin(t))j + 4t k ; t = π/2

r(t) = (2cos(π/2))i + (3sin(π/2))j + 4π/2k

r(t) = 2i + 0.07j + 6.28k  (2 , 0.07 , 6.28)

Rapidez

|v(1)| = √((1.9)2 + (0.04)2 + (0)2)

|v(1)| =√(3.61+0.0016+0) = √3.6116

|v(1)| = 1.9

Dirección

V(1)/ |v(1)| = ((-2.02)i + (3.9)j + (4 )k)/1.9

V(1)/ |v(1)| =((-2.02/1.9)i + (3.9/1.9)j + (4/1.9 )k)

V(1)/ |v(1)| = 1.9((-2.02/1.9)i + (3.9/1.9)j + (4/1.9 )k)

4.

Vector Velocidad

V=dr/dt

r(t) = (sec(t))i + (tan(t))j + 4/3t k ; t = π/6

r(t)´ = (sec(t) tan(t))i + (sec2(t))j + (4/3 k)

r(t)´ = (sec(π/6) tan(π/6))i + (sec2(π/6))j + (4/3 k)

r(1) = (0.009)i +(1.00008) j + (4/3)k

Vector aceleración
a = d2 r/dt2

a(t)´´ = (sec(t) tan(t))i + (sec2(t))j + (4/3 k) ; t = π/6

a(t)´´ = (-sec(t)+ 2sec3(t))i + (2sec2 (t) tan(t))j + 0 k  (-sec(π/6)+

2sec3(π/6))i +( 2sec2 (π/6) tan(π/6))j + 0 k

a(t) = (-sec(π/6)+ 2sec3(π/6))i +( 2sec2 (π/6) tan(π/6))j + 0 k

r(t) = (sec(t))i + (tan(t))j + 4/3t k ; t = π/6

r(t) = (sec(π/6))i + (tan(π/6))j + 4/3(π/6) k

r(t) = 1.00004i + 0.091j + 0.69k  (1.00004 , 0.091 , 0.69)

Rapidez

|v(1)| = √((0.009)2 + (1.00008)2 + (4/3)2)

|v(1)| =√(0.000081+1.00016+1.77) = √2.77

|v(1)| = 1.6

Dirección

V(1)/ |v(1)| = (0.009)i +(1.00008) j + (4/3)k /1.6

V(1)/ |v(1)| =(0.009/1.6)i +(1.00008/1.6) j + (4/4.8)k

V(1)/ |v(1)| = 1.6(0.009/1.6)i +(1.00008/1.6) j + (4/4.8)k

5.

Vector Velocidad
V=dr/dt

r(t) = (2ln(t+1))i + (t2)j + t2 /2k ; t=1

r(t)´ = (2/t+1)i + (2t)j + (t k)  (2/1+1)i + (2(1))j + ((1) k)

r(t)´ = = (1)i + (2)j + (1) k

r(1) = (1)i +(2) j + (1) k

Vector aceleración

a = d2 r/dt2

a(t)´´ = (2/t+1)i + (2t)j + (t k) ; t=1

a(t)´´ = (2/(t+1)2 )i + (2)j + 0 k  (2/((1)+1)2 )i + (2)j + 0 k

a(t)´´ = (1/2 )i + (2)j + 0 k

a(t) =(1/2)i +( 2)j + 0 k

r(t) = (2ln(t+1))i + (t2)j + t2 /2k ; t=1

r(t) = (2ln((1)+1))i + ((1)2)j + (1)2 /2k

r(t) = 1.3i + 1j + 1/2k  (1.3 , 1 , 1/2)

Rapidez

|v(1)| = √((1)2 + (2)2 + (1)2)

|v(1)| =√(1+4+1) = √6

|v(1)| = 2.4
Dirección

V(1)/ |v(1)| = (1)i +(2) j + (1) k /2.4

V(1)/ |v(1)| =(1/2.4)i +(2/2.4) j + (1/2.4)k

V(1)/ |v(1)| = 2.4(1/2.4)i +(2/2.4) j + (1/2.4)k

6.

Vector Velocidad

V=dr/dt

r(t) = (e-t)i + (2cos3t)j + (2sen3t)k ; t=0

r(t)´ = (-e-t)i + (-6sin(3t))j + (6cos(3t)k  (-e-0)i + (-6sin(3(0)))j +

(6cos(3(0))k)

r(t)´ = = (-1)i + (0)j + (6) k

r(1) = (-1)i +(0)j + (6)k

Vector aceleración

a = d2 r/dt2

a(t)´´ = (-e-t)i + (-6sin(3t))j + (6cos(3t)k ; t=0

a(t)´´ = (e-t)i + (-18cos(3t))j + (-18sin(3t)) k  (e-(0))i + (-

18cos(3(0)))j + (-18sin(3(0))) k

a(t)´´ = (1 )i + (18)j + (0) k

a(t) =(1)i +( 18)j + (0)k

r(t) = (e-t)i + (2cos3t)j + (2sen3t)k ; t=0

r(t) = (e-0)i + (2cos3(0))j + (2sen3(0))k

r(t) = 1i + 2j + 0k  (1 , 2 , 0)

Rapidez

|v(1)| = √((-1)2 + (0)2 + (6)2)

|v(1)| =√(1+0+36) = √37

|v(1)| = 6.08

Dirección

V(1)/ |v(1)| = (-1)i +(0) j + (6) k /6.8

V(1)/ |v(1)| =(-1/6.8)i +(0) j + (6/6.8)k

V(1)/ |v(1)| = 6.8((-1/6.8)i +(0) j + (6/6.8)k)

7.

r(t) =(3t+1)i + ((√3t)j + t2k ; t=0

v(t)´ = (3)i + (√3)j + 2tk  (3)i + (√3) j + 2(0)k

v(t)´ =(3)i + (√3) j

a(t) = (3)i + (√3)j + 2tk ; t=0

a(t)´´ = (0)i + (0)j + (2)k

a(t)´´ = 2k

cosθ = P*Q / |P| |Q| = v*a/ |v| |a|

cosθ = ((3)i + (√3) j) * (2k) / 6

cosθ = 0/6 = 0

cosθ = 1

8.

r(t) = ((√2/2)t)i + ((√2/2)t – 16t2)j ; t=0

v(t)´ = (√2/2)i + ((√2/2) – (32t)j

v(t)´ = (√2/2)i + ((√2/2) – 32(0))j  (√2/2)i + (√2/2) j

v(t)´ =(√2/2)i + (√2/2) j

a(t) = (√2/2)i + ((√2/2) – (32t)j ; t=0

a(t)´´ = (0)i + (– 32)j

a(t)´´ = (– 32)j

cosθ = P*Q / |P| |Q| = v*a/ |v| |a|

cosθ = (√2/2)i + (√2/2) j * (-32)j / 32

cosθ = (-32√2)/2 = -16√2

θ = cos(-16√2) = cos-1(-√2/2)

θ = 3π/4

9.

r(t) = (ln(t2+1))i + (tan-1t)j + (√t2+1)k ; t=0

v(t)´ = (2t/(t2+1))i + (1/(t2+1))j – (t/√t2+1)k

v(t)´ = (2(0)/((0)2+1))i + (1/((0)2+1))j – ((0)/√(0)2+1)k  (1)i + (1) j +

(0)k

v(t)´ = (1) i + (1) j

a(t) = (2t/(t2+1))i + (1/(t2+1))j + (t/√t2+1)k ; t=0

a(t)´´ = (2(-t2+1)/(t2+1)2)i + (– 2t/(t2+1)2)j + (1/(t2+1)( √t2+1)k

a(t)´´ = (2(-(0)2+1)/((0)2+1)2)i + (– 2(0)/((0)2+1)2)j + (1/((0)2+1)

( √(0)2+1)k  (2)i + (0)j + (1)k

a(t)´´ = (2)i + (1)k

cosθ = P*Q / |P| |Q| = v*a/ |v| |a|

cosθ = (1)i + (1) j * (2)i + (1)k / 2

cosθ = 2/2 = 1

θ = cos1

θ = 0.54

10.

r(t) = (4/9(1+t)3/2)i + (4/9(1-t)3/2 )j + (1/3 t)k ; t=0

v(t)´ = ((2(t+1)1/2)/3)i + (-(2(-t+1)1/2)/3)j – (1/3)k

v(t)´ = ((2((0)+1)1/2)/3)i + (-(2(-(0)+1)1/2)/3)j – (1/3)k  (√2/3)i + (-

√2/3) j + (1/3)k

v(t)´ = (√2/3) i + (-√2/3) j + (1/3) k

a(t) = ((2(t+1)1/2)/3)i + (-(2(-t+1)1/2)/3)j – (1/3)k ; t=0

a(t)´´ = (1/(3√(t+1))i + (– 2√ (-t+1)/3)j + (0)k

a(t)´´ = (1/(3√((0)+1))i + (– 2√ (-(0)+1)/3)j + (0)k  (1/3)i + (-2/3)j +

(0)k

a(t)´´ = (1/3)i + (-2/3)j

cosθ = P*Q / |P| |Q| = v*a/ |v| |a|

cosθ = (√2/3) i + (-√2/3) j + (1/3) k * (1/3)i + (-2/3)j / 1

cosθ = 0.8116

θ = 0.6883

Vector tangent unitario (T=v/|v|)

Longitud de arco (L = ʃ |v(t)| dt)

1.

r(t) = (2cost)i + (2sent)j +(√5t)k ; 0≤t≤π

v(t)´ = (-2sent)i + (2cost)j + (√5)k

|v|= √((-2sent)2i + (2cost)2j + (√5)2k)

|v|= √ (4sen2t)i + (4cos2t)j + (5)k  teniendo en cuenta la

propiedad trigonométrica sen2+cos2=1 entonces:

|v|= √ 9
|v|= 3

T=v/|v|

T= (-2sent)i + (2cost)j + (√5)k /3

T= (-2/3 sent)i + (2/3cost)j + (√5/3)k

L = ʃ |v(t)| dt ; 0≤t≤π

L = ʃ 3 dt = 3t ; 0≤t≤π

L = 3π

2.

r(t) = (6sen2t)i + (6cost)j +(5t)k ; 0≤t≤π

v(t)´ = (6cost)i + (-6sent)j + (5)k

|v|= √((6cost)2i + (-6sent)2j + (5)2k)

|v|= √ (36cos2t)i + (36sen2t)j + (25)k teniendo en cuenta la

propiedad trigonométrica sen2+cos2=1 entonces

|v|= √ 61

|v|= 7.8  8

T=v/|v|

T= (6cost)i + (-6sent)j + (5)k /8

T= (6/8 cost)i + (-6/8sent)j + (5/8)k

L = ʃ |v(t)| dt ; 0≤t≤π

L = ʃ 8 dt = t ; 0≤t≤π

L = 8π

3.

r(t) = (t)i + (2/3)t3/2 k ; 0≤t≤8

v(t)´ = (0)i + (√t)j

|v|= √((0)2i + (√t)2j

|v|= √ t

T=v/|v|

T= (√t)i /(√t)

T= i

L = ʃ |v(t)| dt ; 0≤t≤8

L = ʃ √t dt = 2/3(t)3/2 ; 0≤t≤8

L = 15.084

4.

(t) = (2+t)i - (t+1)j +(t)k ; 0≤t≤3

v(t)´ = (1)i - (1)j + (0)k

|v|= √((1)2i - (1)2j

|v|= √ 0

|v|= 0

T=v/|v|

T= (1)i + (1)j /0

T= (0)i + (0)j

L = ʃ |v(t)| dt ; 0≤t≤3

L = ʃ 0 dt = 0 ; 0≤t≤3

L=0

5.

(t) = (cos3t)i + (sen3t)k ; 0 ≤ t ≤ π/2

v(t)´ = (-3cos2 (t) sen(t))i + (3sen2(t) cos(t))k

|v|= √(-3cos2 (t) sen(t))2i + (3sen2(t) cos(t))2k

|v|= √ (9cos4 (t) sen2(t))i + (9sen4(t) cos2(t))k

|v|= √18  4.2 4

T=v/|v|

T= (-3cos2 (t) sen(t))i + (3sen2(t) cos(t))k / 4

T= ((-3cos2 (t)/4) (sen(t)4))i + ((3sen2(t)/4) (cos(t)/4))k

L = ʃ |v(t)| dt ; 0 ≤ t ≤ π/2

L = ʃ 4 dt = 4t ; 0 ≤ t ≤ π/2

L = 2π

6.

(t) = (6t3)i – (2t3)j - (3t3)k ; 1≤t≤2

v(t)´ = (18t2)i - (6t2)j - (9t2)k

|v|= √(18t2)2i - (6t2)2j – (9t2)2k

|v|= √(324t4)i - (36t4)j – (81t4)k

|v|= √207  14.38 14

T=v/|v|

T= (18t2)i - (6t2)j - (9t2)k/ 14

T= (9/7t2)i - (3/7t2)j - (9/14t2)k

L = ʃ |v(t)| dt ; 1≤t≤2

L = ʃ 14 dt = 14t ; 1≤t≤2

L = 42

7.

(t) = (tcost)i + (tsent)j + ((2√2/3)t3/2)k ; 0≤t≤π

v(t)´ = (cos(t)-tsen(t))i + (sen(t)+tcos(t))j + (61/2t1/2)k

|v|= √(cos(t)-tsen(t))2i + (sen(t)+tcos(t))2j - (61/2t1/2)2k

|v|= √(1)i + (1)j – (6)k

|v|= √8  2.82 3

T=v/|v|

T= (cos(t)-tsen(t))i + (sen(t)+tcos(t))j + (61/2t1/2)k/ 3

T= (cos(t)/3-tsen(t)/3)i + (sen(t)/3+tcos(t)/3)j + (61/2t1/2/3)k

L = ʃ |v(t)| dt ; 0≤t≤π

L = ʃ 3 dt = 3t ; 0≤t≤π

L = 3π

8.

(t) = (tsent+cost)j + (tcost-sent)j ; √2 ≤ t ≤ 2

v(t)´ = (tcos(t))i + (-tsen(t)+2cos(t))j

|v|= √(tcos(t))2i + (-tsen(t)+2cos(t))2j

9.

r(t) = (3sent)i + (3cost)j + (4t)k ; 0≤t≤π

v(t)´ = (3cos(t))i + (-3sen(t))j + (4)k

|v|= √(3cos(t))2i + (-3sen(t))2j + (4)2k

|v|= √(3) + (16)

|v|= √19  4.35 4

T=v/|v|

T= (3cos(t))i + (-3sen(t))j + (4)k / 4

T= (3cos(t)/4)i + (-3sen(t)/4)j + (1)k

N= 3/4(cos(t))i + -3/4(sen(t))j + (1)k

N= -3/4sin(t)i – 3/4cos(t)j