22-03-2021

Ejemplos Transferencia de Calor

Con Cambio de fase: Ebullición

La figura corresponde a un intercambiador de calor de una carcasa y dos pasos de tubos,

este equipo opera con agua caliente presurizada según las condiciones que se muestran
en el esquema. (considere tp=243 °C)

Para el intercambiador, se pide determinar:

a) Calor total transferido.
b) Flujo de vapor generado.
c) Largo del intercambiador
d) Coeficiente convectivo del vapor en la ebullición.

1
 22-03-2021

Ecuaciones de la Termodinámica
agua: Qagua = mɺ H2O ⋅ cH2O ⋅ ( T1 − T2 )
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ cvapor ⋅ ∆Tvapor
cvapor = ±∞  ∆Tvapor = 0
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ ( hg − h f )

Ecuación de Transferencia de Calor

Q = U ⋅ A ⋅ ∆TMLDT

1
U=
r2 r2 r2 1
+ ln +
r1 ⋅ α agua λcañería r1 α vapor
Sistema de ecuaciones
pero α vapor = no se puede evaluar r1
q= ⋅ α agua ⋅ ∆T1 (1)
r2
metodología de cálculo ∆T2
q= (2)
A partir del modelo de resistencias en serie, r2 r2
⋅ ln
se plantea un sistema de ecuaciones basado λcañería r1
3
en el flujo de calor por cada mecanismo, µl ⋅ h fg  cl 
q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3 = ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33 (3)
según el producto de su coeficiente por su b  Csf ⋅ h fg ⋅ Prlm 
 
potencial
T +T
( )
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = T agua − Tvapor =  1 2 − Tvapor  (4)
 2


Incognitas ∆T1 , ∆T2 , ∆T3 , q y 4 ecs.

α agua : flujo por interior de cañería  2


 d 3
Nu = 0.0214 ⋅ ( Re 0.8 − 100 ) ⋅ Pr 0.4 ⋅ 1 +   
 l 
v ⋅d α ⋅d  
Re = , Nu =  2

υ λ
Nu = 0.0214 ⋅ (1.395.349 − 100 ) ⋅ 0.83 ⋅ 1 + 
0.8 0.4   0.06  3 

  10  
 
1  1 
Prop. del agua: t R = t film = ⋅ t p + ( T1 + T2 )  α ⋅d
2  2  Nu = 1790 = agua
λagua
1  1 
t film = ⋅ 243 + ( 300 + 270 )  = 264°C
2 
W
2  1790 ⋅ 0.604
α agua = mK = 18.019 W
0.06m m2K
kg
ρ agua = 777
m3
kJ 60
cagua = 5036 q= ⋅ 18019 ⋅ ∆T1
kgK 66

λagua = 0.604
W q = 16381.2 ⋅ ∆T1 (1)
mK
m2
υ agua = 1.29 ⋅ 10 −7
cañería
s ∆T2 ∆T2
Pragua = 0.83 q= =
r2 r2 0.033 66
⋅ ln ⋅ ln
m λcañería r1 21 60
3.0⋅ 0.06m
Re = s = 1.395.349
m2 q = 6676.8 ⋅ ∆T2 (2)
1.29 ⋅ 10−7
s
Pr = 0.83 Ec 41

2
 22-03-2021

Ebullición Tvapor = 150°C Sistema de ecuaciones de Ecs. 1, 2, 3 y 4:

kg q = 16381.2 ⋅ ∆T1 ∆T1 = 37.0°C
ρ agua = 917 Pragua = 1.15
m3 q = 6676.8 ⋅ ∆T2 ∆T2 = 91.0°C
bagua = 2.33 ⋅ 10−3 m
J q = 1773.6 ⋅ ∆T33 ∆T3 = 7.0
cagua = 4307 µagua = ρ agua ⋅ υ agua
kgK kW
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = 135 q = 607.2
kJ kg m2 m2
h fg = 2114 µagua = 917 3 ⋅ 1.99 ⋅ 10−7
kg m s
m2 −4 kg
υ agua = 1.99 ⋅ 10−7 µagua = 1.8 ⋅ 10 Calor total transferido
m⋅s
s Q = mɺ H 2O ⋅ cH 2O ⋅ ( T1 − T2 )
3
µl ⋅ h fg  cl 
q= ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33
b  Csf ⋅ h fg ⋅ Prlm  mɺ agua = ρ agua ⋅ vagua ⋅ Asec ción ⋅ N °cañerías
 
kg m π
3 mɺ agua = 777 ⋅ 3.0 ⋅ ⋅ 0.062 m 2 ⋅ 20
kg−4 J  kJ  m3 s 4
1.8 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 2114 ⋅ 103  4.307 
m⋅s kg kgK kg
q= ⋅  ⋅ ∆T3
3
mɺ agua = 131.8
2.33 ⋅ 10−3 m kJ
 0.008 ⋅ 2114 ⋅ 1.15  s
 
 kg 
q = 1773.6 ⋅ ∆T33 (3)
Q = mɺ H 2O ⋅ cH 2O ⋅ ( T1 − T2 )
kg kJ
 T + T   300 + 270  Q = 131.8 ⋅ 5.036 ⋅ ( 300 − 270 ) °C
T agua =  1 2  =   =285°C s kgK
 2   2 
Q = 19915kW
T +T 
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 =  1 2 − Tvapor  = ( 285 − 150 ) =135 (4)
 2 

Area Transferencia de Calor

Q 19915kW
Q = q ⋅ Atc  Atc = = = 32.8m 2
q 607.2 kW
m2
Atc = π ⋅ d ext ⋅ L ⋅ N °cañerías

Atc 32.8m 2
L= =
π ⋅ d ext ⋅ N °cañerías π ⋅ 0.066m ⋅ 40
L = 3.95m = 4.0m

Flujo de vapor

Q = mɺ vapor ⋅ ( hg − h f )

19915kW kg kg
mɺ vapor = =7.48 =26932
kJ
( 2746 − 84 ) s h
kg

Coeficiente convectivo de vapor por ebullición

q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3

W
607200
α vapor = m 2 =86740 W
7.0°C m2 K

3
 22-03-2021

La pileta de vaporizado de la figura opera con agua caliente presurizada y se desea

generar 6.500 kg/h de vapor a la presión atmosférica. Para lo cual se dispone de un flujo
suficiente de agua a las condiciones de operación que se indican en la figura,
considerando cañerías de acero inoxidable, determine:
suponga ( t2 = 170°C , t p = 150°C )
a) Número de cañerías requeridas.
b) Calor transferido.
c) Flujo de agua caliente.
d) Temperatura de salida del agua.
e) Coeficiente convectivo linealizado de superficie-vapor

Ecuaciones de la Termodinámica Sistema de ecuaciones

agua: Qagua = mɺ H 2O ⋅ cH 2O ⋅ ( T1 − T2 )
r1
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ cvapor ⋅ ∆Tvapor q= ⋅ α agua ⋅ ∆T1 (1)
r2
cvapor = ±∞  ∆Tvapor = 0
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ ( hg − h f ) ∆T2
q= (2)
r2 r2
Ecuación de Transferencia de Calor ⋅ ln
λcañería r1
Q = U ⋅ A ⋅ ∆TMLDT
3
1 µl ⋅ h fg  cl 
U= q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3 = ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33
 Csf ⋅ h fg ⋅ Prlm 
(3)
r2 r2 r2 1 b  
+ ln +
r1 ⋅ α agua λcañería r1 α vapor
T +T
pero α vapor = no se puede evaluar (  2
) 
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = T agua − Tvapor =  1 2 − Tvapor  (4)


metodología de cálculo
Incognitas: q, ∆T1 , ∆T2 , ∆T3 , T2 ; Ecs 4 falta 1 ecuación

Qagua mɺ H 2O ⋅ cH2O ⋅ (T1 − T2 )

q= =
Atc Atc

ρ agua ⋅ vagua ⋅ Asec ⋅ N °cañerías ⋅ cH O ⋅ ( T1 − T2 )

q= 2
(5)
π ⋅ d ext ⋅ L ⋅ N °cañerías

4
 22-03-2021

α agua : flujo por interior de cañería  2


 d 3
v ⋅d α ⋅d Nu = 0.0214 ⋅ ( Re0.8 − 100 ) ⋅ Pr 0.4 ⋅ 1 +   
Re = , Nu =  l 
υ λ  
 2

 0.052  3 
Nu = 0.0214 ⋅ ( 7303370.8 − 100 ) ⋅ 1.030.4 ⋅ 1 + 
1  1 
Prop. del agua: t R = t film = ⋅ t p + ( T1 + T2 )  
2  2    12  
α ⋅d  
1  1  Nu = 1088.6 = agua
t film = ⋅ 150 + ( 210 + 170 )  = 170°C λagua
2  2 
W
kg 1088.6 ⋅ 0.677
ρ agua = 897.5 mK = 14172.7 W
m3 α agua =
0.052m m2K
kJ
cagua = 4368
kgK
52
W q= ⋅ 14172.7 ⋅ ∆T1
λagua = 0.677 60
mK
m2 q = 12283 ⋅ ∆T1 (1)
υ agua = 1.78 ⋅ 10−7
s
Pragua = 1.03
cañería
∆T2 ∆T2
m q= =
2.5 ⋅ 0.052m r2 r2 0.03 60
Re = s = 730337 ⋅ ln ⋅ ln
m2 λcañería r1 21 52
1.78 ⋅ 10−7
s
q = 4891.6 ⋅ ∆T2 (2)
Pr = 1.03 Ec 41

Qagua mɺ H 2O ⋅ cH 2O ⋅ (T1 − T2 )
Ebullición Tvapor = 100°C q= =
Atc Atc
kg
ρ agua = 958.3 Pragua = 1.75
m3 ρ agua ⋅ vagua ⋅ Asec ⋅ N °cañerías ⋅ cH O ⋅ (T1 − T2 )
q= 2

J bagua = 2.5 ⋅ 10−3 m π ⋅ d ext ⋅ L ⋅ N °cañerías

cagua = 4216
kgK µagua = ρ agua ⋅ υagua
π
kJ m2 897.5 ⋅ 2.5 ⋅ ⋅ 0.0522 ⋅ 4386 ⋅ ( 210 − T2 )
h fg = 2256 µagua = 958
kg
⋅ 2.94 ⋅ 10−7 q= 4
kg m 3
s π ⋅ 0.06 ⋅ 12
m2 − 4 kg
υ agua = 2.94 ⋅ 10−7 µagua = 2.8 ⋅ 10 q = 1932371 − 9201 ⋅ T2 (5)
s m⋅s
3
Sistema de ecuaciones de Ecs. 1, 2, 3, 4 y 5:
µl ⋅ h fg  cl  q = 12283 ⋅ ∆T1
q= ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33
 Csf ⋅ h fg ⋅ Prlm 
b   q = 4891.6 ⋅ ∆T2
3 q = 600.9 ⋅ ∆T33
kg J  kJ 
2.8 ⋅ 10−4 ⋅ 2256 ⋅ 103  4.216  ∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = (5 + 0.5T2 )
m⋅s kg kgK
q= ⋅  ⋅ ∆T3
3
q = 1932371 − 9201 ⋅ T2
2.5 ⋅ 10−3 m kJ
 0.008 ⋅ 2256 ⋅ 1.75 
 
 kg 
q = 600.9 ⋅ ∆T33 (3) Solución sistema de ecuaciones
∆T1 = 24.2°C
∆T2 = 61.34°C
 210 + T2 
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 =  − 100  ∆T3 = 7.93°C
 2 
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = ( 5 + 0.5 ⋅ T2 ) (4) q = 300
kW
m2
T2 = 177.4°C

5
 22-03-2021

kg
6500
Q = mɺ vapor ⋅ (hg − h f ) = h ⋅ ( 2676 − 42 ) kJ Qagua = mɺ H 2O ⋅ cH2O ⋅ (T1 − T2 )
s kg
3600 kJ
h Qagua 4755.8
mɺ H2O = = s
Q = 4755.8kW (b) cH 2O ⋅ ( T1 − T2 ) 4.386 kJ 210 − 177.4 K
( )
kgK
kg
mɺ H2O = 33.4 (c)
Número de cañerías s

Q 4755.8kW
Q = q ⋅ Atc  Atc = = = 15.85m 2
q kW
300 2 T2 = 176.4°C (d)
m
Atc = π ⋅ d ext ⋅ L ⋅ N °cañerías
q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3
Atc 15.85m 2
N °cañerías = =
π ⋅ d ext ⋅ L π ⋅ 0.060m ⋅ 12 W
300000 2
q
N °cañerías = 7.0 (a) α vapor = = m
∆T3 7.93°C

W
α vapor = 37831 (e)
m2 K

Para el intercambiador de calor de una carcasa y dos pasos de tubos, de la figura que opera
con aceite térmico Essotherm 650 cuyas propiedades físicas se adjuntan.
Se pide determinar:
a) Calor total transferido
b) Flujo de vapor generado
c) Temperatura de salida del aceite térmico
d) Coeficiente convectivo del vapor en la ebullición.

Propiedad física aceite Valor

Densidad 734 kg/m3
Calor Específico 2.74 kJ/kg K
Conductividad térmica 0.117 W/m K
Viscosidad cinemática 1.94E-6 m2/s
N° Prandtl 35.4

6
 22-03-2021

Ecuaciones de la Termodinámica Sistema de ecuaciones

aceite: Qaceite = mɺ aceite ⋅ caceite ⋅ (T1 − T2 ) r
q = 1 ⋅ α aceite ⋅ ∆T1 (1)
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ cvapor ⋅ ∆Tvapor r2
cvapor = ±∞  ∆Tvapor = 0 ∆T2
q= (2)
r2 r2
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ ( hg − h f ) ⋅ ln
λcañería r1
Ecuación de Transferencia de Calor 3
µl ⋅ h fg 
cl 
Q = U ⋅ A ⋅ ∆TMLDT q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3 = ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33 (3)
b  Csf ⋅ h fg ⋅ Prlm 
 
1
U= T +T
r2
+
r2
ln
r2
+
1 (  2
)
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = T aceite − Tvapor =  1 2 − Tvapor  (4)


r1 ⋅ α aceite λcañería r1 α vapor
Incognitas: q, ∆T1 , ∆T2 , ∆T3 , T2 ; Ecs 4 falta 1 ecuación
pero α vapor = no se puede evaluar
Qaceite mɺ aceite ⋅ caceite ⋅ (T1 − T2 )
metodología de cálculo q= = (5)
Atc Atc

α aceite : flujo por interior de cañería

v ⋅d α ⋅d
Re = , Nu =
υ λ
m3
150
Vɺaceite h m
v= = =1.25
π s π s
⋅ d i2 ⋅ N cañerías
o
3600 ⋅ ⋅ 0.0652 m 2 ⋅ 10
4 h 4

m Ebullición Tvapor = 150°C

⋅ 0.065m
1.25
Re = s = 41881
m2 kg Pragua = 1.15
1.94 ⋅ 10−6 ρ agua = 917
s m3
bagua = 2.33 ⋅ 10−3 m
Pr = 35.4 Ec 42 cagua = 4307
J
 2
 kgK µagua = ρ agua ⋅υ agua
 d 3
Nu = 0.012 ⋅ ( Re − 280 ) ⋅ Pr 0.4 ⋅ 1 +   
0.87

 l  kJ kg m2
  h fg = 2114 µagua = 917 3
⋅ 1.99 ⋅ 10−7
kg m s
  m2 kg
µagua = 1.8 ⋅ 10−4
2
 0.065  3  υ agua = 1.99 ⋅ 10−7
Nu = 0.012 ⋅ ( 418810.87 − 100 ) ⋅ 35.40.4 ⋅ 1 +   s m⋅s
  12  
  3
µl ⋅ h fg  cl 
q= ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33
α aceite ⋅ d b  Csf ⋅ h fg ⋅ Prlm 
Nu = 526.5 =  
λaceite 3
kg J  kJ 
W 1.8 ⋅ 10−4 ⋅ 2114 ⋅ 103  4.307 
526.5 ⋅ 0.117 m⋅s kg kgK
α aceite = mK = 947.7 W q= ⋅  ⋅ ∆T3
3

0.065m m2K 2.33 ⋅ 10−3 m kJ

 0.008 ⋅ 2114 ⋅ 1.15 
 
 kg 
65 q = 1793.4 ⋅ ∆T33
q= ⋅ 947.7 ⋅ ∆T1 (3)
75
q = 821.3 ⋅ ∆T1 (1)
cañería T +T   300 + T2 
∆T2 ∆T2 ∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 =  1 2 − Tvapor  =  − 150 
q= =  2   2 
r2 r2 0.0375 75
⋅ ln ⋅ ln ∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = 0.5 ⋅ T2 (4)
λcañería r1 21 65

q = 3913.3 ⋅ ∆T2 (2)

7
 22-03-2021

Solución sistema de ecuaciones

Qaceite mɺ aceite ⋅ caceite ⋅ ( T1 − T2 )
q= = kW
Atc Atc ∆T1 = 108.5°C q = 89.12
m2
m3 ∆T2 = 22.8°C T2 = 270°C
kg 150 h
mɺ aceite = ρ aceite ⋅Vɺaceite = 734 3 ⋅ ∆T3 = 3.7°C
m 3600 s
h Flujo de calor transferido (a)
kg
mɺ aceite = 30.6 kW
Qaceite = q ⋅ Atc = 89.12 2 ⋅ 28.27m 2
s m
Atc = π ⋅ d ext ⋅ L ⋅ N °cañerias = π ⋅ 0.075m ⋅ 12m ⋅ 10 Qaceite = 2519.5kW
Atc = 28.27m 2
kg J Flujo de vapor generado (b)
30.6 ⋅ 2740 ⋅ ( 300 − T2 )
Q s kgK Qaceite = mɺ vapor ⋅ ( hg − h f )
q = aceite = 2
Atc 28.27m kJ
2519.5
q = 889137.3 − 3963.9 ⋅ T2 (5) mɺ vapor = s = 1.0
kg
= 3600
kg
kJ s h
(2746 − 251)
kg
Sistema de ecuaciones de Ecs. 1, 2, 3, 4 y 5:
q = 821.3 ⋅ ∆T1 Temperatura salida aceite (c)
q = 3913.3 ⋅ ∆T2 T2 = 270°C
q = 1793.4 ⋅ ∆T33
Coeficiente convectivo del vapor en la ebullición
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = 0.5T2
q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3
q = 889167.3 − 2963.9 ⋅ T2
W
89120 2
q m = 24087.3 W
α vapor = = (d)
∆T3 3.7°C m2K

La pileta de la figura genera vapor a la presión atmosférica y utiliza, como fluidos

térmico, agua caliente presurizada. Determine

Para el intercambiador, se pide determinar:

a) Calor total transferido.
b) Temperatura de salida del agua presurizada.
c) El flujo de vapor generado.
d) Coeficiente convectivo linealizado del vapor en la ebullición.

8
 22-03-2021

Ecuaciones de la Termodinámica Sistema de ecuaciones

agua: Qagua = mɺ agua ⋅ cagua ⋅ (T1 − T2 ) r1
q= ⋅ α agua ⋅ ∆T1 (1)
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ cvapor ⋅ ∆Tvapor r2
cvapor = ±∞  ∆Tvapor = 0 ∆T2
q= (2)
r2 r2
vapor Qvapor = mɺ vapor ⋅ ( hg − h f ) ⋅ ln
λcañería r1
Ecuación de Transferencia de Calor 3
µl ⋅ h fg 
cl 
Q = U ⋅ A ⋅ ∆TMLDT q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3 = ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33 (3)
b  Csf ⋅ h fg ⋅ Prlm 
 
1
U= T +T
r2
+
r2
ln
r2
+
1 (
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = T agua − Tvapor =  1 2 − Tvapor  (4)
 2


)
r1 ⋅ α agua λcañería r1 α vapor
Incognitas: q, ∆T1 , ∆T2 , ∆T3 , T2 ; Ecs 4 falta 1 ecuación
pero α vapor = no se puede evaluar
Qagua mɺ agua ⋅ cagua ⋅ ( T1 − T2 )
metodología de cálculo q= = (5)
Atc Atc
α agua : flujo por interior de cañería

v ⋅d α ⋅d
Re = , Nu =
υ λ

1  1 
Prop. del agua: t R = t film = ⋅ t p + ( T1 + T2 ) 
2  2 
1  1 
t film = ⋅ 150 + ( 230 + 190 )  = 180°C
2  2 

kg α agua ⋅ d
ρ agua = 887 Nu = 1363.3 =
m3 λagua
kJ W
cagua = 4405 1363.3 ⋅ 0.673
kgK α agua = mK = 16990.7 W
W 0.0544m m2 K
λagua = 0.673
mK 54.4
q= ⋅ 16990.7 ⋅ ∆T1
m2 60
υ agua = 1.69 ⋅ 10 −7

s q = 15405 ⋅ ∆T1 (1)

Pragua = 0.98
cañería ∆T2 ∆T2
q= =
m r2 r2 0.03 60
3.1 ⋅ 0.0544m ⋅ ln ⋅ ln
s λcañería r1 21 54.4
Re = = 990532.5
m2
1.69 ⋅ 10−7
s q = 7144.3 ⋅ ∆T2 (2)
Pr = 0.98 Ec 41
Ebullición Tvapor = 100°C
 2

 d 3
Nu = 0.0214 ⋅ ( Re − 100 ) ⋅ Pr ⋅ 1 +   
0.8 0.4
ρ agua = 958.3
kg Pragua = 1.75
 l  m3
  bagua = 2.5 ⋅ 10 −3 m
J
cagua = 4216
 2
 kgK µagua = ρ agua ⋅υ agua
 0.0544  3 
Nu = 0.0214 ⋅ ( 990532.50.8 − 100 ) ⋅ 0.980.4 ⋅ 1 +   kJ kg m2
  12   h fg = 2256 µagua = 958 ⋅ 2.94 ⋅ 10−7
  kg m 3
s
m2 −4 kg
υ agua = 2.94 ⋅ 10 −7 µagua = 2.8 ⋅ 10
s m⋅s

9
 22-03-2021

3
µl ⋅ h fg  cl 
q= ⋅ ⋅ ∆T33
b  C ⋅ h ⋅ Pr m 
 sf fg l 
38.34
kg
⋅ 4405
J
⋅ ( 230 − T2 )
Qagua s kgK
3
q= = 2
kg J  kJ  Atc 13.57m
2.8 ⋅ 10−4 ⋅ 2256 ⋅ 103  4.216 
m⋅s kg kgK q = 2862978.9 − 12447.7 ⋅ T2 (5)
q= ⋅  ⋅ ∆T3
3

2.5 ⋅ 10−3 m kJ
 0.008 ⋅ 2256 ⋅ 1.75 
 
 kg 
Sistema de ecuaciones de Ecs. 1, 2, 3, 4 y 5:
q = 601 ⋅ ∆T33 (3)
q = 15405 ⋅ ∆T1
q = 7144.3 ⋅ ∆T2
T +T   230 + T2  q = 601 ⋅ ∆T33
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 =  1 2 − Tvapor  =  − 100 
 2   2  ∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = (15 + 0.5T2 )
∆T1 + ∆T2 + ∆T3 = (15 + 0.5 ⋅ T2 ) (4) q = 2862978.9 − 12447.7 ⋅ T2

Qagua mɺ agua ⋅ cagua ⋅ (T1 − T2 ) Solución sistema de ecuaciones

q= =
Atc Atc kW
∆T1 = 31.9°C q = 492.36
mɺ agua = ρ agua ⋅ vagua ⋅ Asec c ⋅ N °cañerias m2
kg m π ∆T2 = 68.9°C T2 = 190.5°C
mɺ agua = 887 ⋅ 3.1 ⋅ ⋅ 0.05442 m 2 ⋅ 6
m3 s 4 ∆T3 = 9.3°C
kg
mɺ agua = 38.34
s
Atc = π ⋅ d ext ⋅ L ⋅ N °cañerias = π ⋅ 0.06m ⋅ 12m ⋅ 6
Atc = 13.57m 2

Flujo de calor transferido (a)

kW
Qagua = q ⋅ Atc = 492.36 2 ⋅ 13.57m 2
m
Qagua = 6682kW

Temperatura salida agua (b)

T2 = 190.5°C

Flujo de vapor generado (c)

Qagua = mɺ vapor ⋅ ( hg − h f )
kJ
6682 kg kg
mɺ vapor = s = 2.53 = 9132.4
kJ s h
(2676 − 42)
kg

Coeficiente convectivo del vapor en la ebullición

q = α vapor ⋅ ∆T3
W
492360
q m 2 = 52942 W
α vapor = = (d)
∆T3 9.3°C m2 K

10