SOLUCIONES NUMERICAS

Integrantes:
Barbara Rojas
Emily Martinez
I) Para la función x^2 - (cos(x))/2, estimar el valor de la primera derivada, tomando el punt
resulta de combinar los dos últimos dígitos de sus números de cédula.

II) Encuentre la integral de la función exp(-x) * cos(x) en el intervalo que resulte de comb
último dígito del número de sus cédulas (si entre los mismos compañeros se repite el núm
por favor tomen el siguiente).
erivada, tomando el punto que
dula.

alo que resulte de combinar el

pañeros se repite el número
 DERIVACION
MÉTODO DE DIFERENCIAS DIVIDIDAS

f(x)= x^2 - (cos(x))/2

f´(x)= 2x + (sen(x))/2 fi1=(yi-yi-1)/(xi-xi-1)

fi2=(fi1-f(i-1)1)/(xi-x(i-2))
f(0.5575)= -0.11348396373 fI3=[(fi2-f(i-1)2)/(xi-x(i-3))]
f´(0.5575)= 1.3795332012 fI4=[(fi3-f(i-1)3)/(xi-x(i-4))]

i x-xi x y fi1 fi2

0 0.5575 0 -0.5 0.3121752 1.24096912612367
1 0.3075 0.25 -0.4219562 0.9326597 1.21825533278512
2 0.0575 0.5 -0.1887913 1.5417874 1.18197147995652
3 -0.1925 0.75 0.1966556 2.1327731 1.13437352186876
4 -0.4425 1 0.7298488 2.6999599 1.07842086901878
5 -0.6925 1.25 1.4048388 3.2391703 1.01759238635852
6 -0.9425 1.5 2.2146314 3.7479665 0.95567009432182
7 -1.1925 1.75 3.151623 4.2258016
8 -1.4425 2 4.2080734

i x-xi x y fi1 fi2

0 0.5575 0 -0.5 0.3121752 1.24096912612367
1 0.3075 0.25 -0.4219562 0.9326597 1.21825533278512
2 0.0575 0.5 -0.1887913 1.5417874 1.18197147995652
3 -0.1925 0.75 0.1966556 2.1327731 1.13437352186876
4 -0.4425 1 0.7298488 2.6999599 1.07842086901878
5 -0.6925 1.25 1.4048388 3.2391703 1.01759238635852
6 -0.9425 1.5 2.2146314 3.7479665 0.95567009432182
7 -1.1925 1.75 3.151623 4.2258016
8 -1.4425 2 4.2080734

MÉTODO DE DIFERENCIAS DIVIDIDAS(DATOS IGUALMENTE

f(x)= x^2 - (cos(x))/2

f´(x)= 2x + (sen(x))/2
f(0.5575)= -0.11348396373
 f´(0.5575)= 1.3795332012

i x-xi x y Dfi D2fi

1 0.5575 0 -0.5 0.0780438 0.15512114076546
2 0.3075 0.25 -0.4219562 0.2331649 0.15228191659814
3 0.0575 0.5 -0.1887913 0.3854468 0.14774643499457
4 -0.1925 0.75 0.1966556 0.5331933 0.1417966902336
5 -0.4425 1 0.7298488 0.67499 0.13480260862735
6 -0.6925 1.25 1.4048388 0.8097926 0.12719904829482
7 -0.9425 1.5 2.2146314 0.9369916 0.11945876179023
8 -1.1925 1.75 3.151623 1.0564504
9 -1.4425 2 4.2080734

i x-xi x y Dfi D2fi

1 0.5575 0 -0.5 0.0780438 0.15512114076546
2 0.3075 0.25 -0.4219562 0.2331649 0.15228191659814
3 0.0575 0.5 -0.1887913 0.3854468 0.14774643499457
4 -0.1925 0.75 0.1966556 0.5331933 0.1417966902336
5 -0.4425 1 0.7298488 0.67499 0.13480260862735
6 -0.6925 1.25 1.4048388 0.8097926 0.12719904829482
7 -0.9425 1.5 2.2146314 0.9369916 0.11945876179023
8 -1.1925 1.75 3.151623 1.0564504
9 -1.4425 2 4.2080734
 F(X)=A0+A1(X-X0)+A2(X-XO)(X-X1)+A3(X-X0)(X-X1)(X-X2)

f'(X)=a1+a2(X-X0+X-X1)+A3((X-X1)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))
f'(X)=a1+a2(X-X0+X-X1)+A3((X-X1)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))+a4((x-x1)*(x-

x= 0.5575

fi3 fi4 fi5 fi6 fi7 fi8

-0.0302851 -0.0180934 0.0024064 0.0005002356 -7.476899E-05 -6.5619631E-06
-0.0483785 -0.0150855 0.0031567 0.0003693898 -8.789292E-05
-0.0634639 -0.0111396 0.0037108 0.0002155772
-0.0746035 -0.0065011 0.0040342
-0.0811046 -0.0014584
-0.0825631

x= 0.5575

fi3 fi4 fi5 fi6 fi7 fi8

-0.0302851 -0.0180934 0.0024064 0.0005002356 -7.476899E-05 -6.5619631E-06
-0.0483785 -0.0150855 0.0031567 0.0003693898 -8.789292E-05
-0.0634639 -0.0111396 0.0037108 0.0002155772
-0.0746035 -0.0065011 0.0040342
-0.0811046 -0.0014584
-0.0825631

DIDAS(DATOS IGUALMENTE ESPACIADOS)

Dfi=(yi-yi-1) a1i=Dfi/h
Dfi2=(fi1-f(i-1)1) a2i=Dfi2/(2!*h^2)
DfI3=(fi2-f(i-1)2) a3i=Dfi3/(3!*h^3)
DfI4=(fi3-f(i-1)3) a4i=Dfi4/(4!*h^4)

x=

h= 0.3
COEFICIENTES DEL POLINOMIO
D3fi D4fi a1 a2 a3 a4
-0.0028392 -0.0016963 0.260146 0.8617841154 -0.0175260751 -0.0087256041
-0.0045355 -0.0014143 0.7772164 0.8460106478 -0.0279968 -0.00727501624
-0.0059497 -0.0010443 1.2848228 0.8208135277 -0.0367268195 -0.00537210311
-0.0069941 -0.0006095 1.7773109 0.7877593902 -0.0431733432 -0.00313517863
-0.0076036 -0.0001367 2.2499666 0.7489033813 -0.0469355576 -0.00070332393
-0.0077403 2.6993086 0.7066613794 -0.0477795463
3.1233054 0.6636597877
3.5215013

x=

COEFICIENTES DEL POLINOMIO

D3fi D4fi a1 a2 a3 a4
-0.0028392 -0.0016963 0.260146 0.5170704692 -0.0094640806 -0.00565419145
-0.0045355 -0.0014143 0.7772164 0.5076063887 -0.015118272 -0.00471421052
-0.0059497 -0.0010443 1.2848228 0.4924881166 -0.0198324825 -0.00348112282
-0.0069941 -0.0006095 1.7773109 0.4726556341 -0.0233136054 -0.00203159575
-0.0076036 -0.0001367 2.2499666 0.4493420288 -0.0253452011 -0.00045575391
-0.0077403 2.6993086 0.4239968276 -0.025800955
3.1233054 0.3981958726
3.5215013

y
5

3
y

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
-1
1

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
-1
x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))
x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))+a4((x-x1)*(x-x2)*(x-x3)+(x-x0)*(x-x1)(x-x3)+(x-xo)(x-x2)(x-x3))

POLINOMIO INTERPOLACIÓN
Polinomio Grado ERROR
-0.3259623502 grado 0 0.21247838648
-0.1132214617 grado 1 -0.000262502
-0.1135199905 grado 2 3.6026783E-05
-0.1134856577 grado 3 1.6939961E-06
-0.1134836372 grado 4 -3.265132E-07
-0.1134839281 grado 5 -3.564508E-08
-0.1134839691 grado 6 5.3304393E-09
-0.1134839648 grado 7 1.0420406E-09

DERIVADA APROXIMADA
Derivada ERROR Grado
0.31217515658 1.067358 grado 1
1.38561345068 -0.0060802 grado 2
1.3789153423 0.0006179 grado 3
1.37950731692 2.588E-05 grado 4
1.37953758893 -4.388E-06 grado 5
1.37953407524 -8.74E-07 grado 6
1.37953356398 -3.628E-07 grado 7

F(X)=A0+A1(X-X0)+A2(X-XO)(X-X1)+A3(X-X0)(X-X1)(X-X2)

f'(X)=a1+a2(X-X0+X-X1)+A3((X-X1)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))
f'(X)=a1+a2(X-X0+X-X1)+A3((X-X1)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))+a4((x-x1)*(x-x2)*(x-x3)+(x-x0)*(x-x1)
 0.5575

POLINOMIO INTERPOLACIÓN
(x-xi)*fi1 Polinomio Grado ERROR
0.14503137483 -0.5 grado 0 -0.386516
0.14773672813 -0.3549686 grado 1 -0.2414847
-0.0001727597 -0.2072319 grado 2 -0.0937479
1.6557092E-05 -0.2074047 grado 3 -0.0939207
-0.2073881 grado 4 -0.0939041

0.5575

DERIVADA APROXIMADA
(x-xi)*fi1 Derivada ERROR Grado
0.26014596382 0.260146 1.11938723738 grado 1
0.44726595587 0.7074119 0.67212128151 grado 2
-0.0032761689 0.7041358 0.67539745044 grado 3
-1.599164E-06 0.7041342 0.67539904961 grado 4

2.5
2.5
*(x-x3)+(x-x0)*(x-x1)(x-x3)+(x-xo)(x-x2)(x-x3))
5

0
0 0.5 1
-1
 y

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

MÉTODO DE EXTRAPOLACIÓN DE RICHARDSON

f(x)= x^2 - (cos(x))/2

f´(x)= 2x + (sen(x))/2

f(0.5575)= -0.113483963727
f´(0.5575)= 1.3795332011969

i h x-h x+h
0 0.5 0.0575 1.0575
1 0.25 0.3075 0.8075
2 0.125 0.4325 0.6825
3 0.0625 0.495 0.62
4 0.03125 0.52625 0.58875
5 0.015625 0.541875 0.573125
6 0.0078125 0.5496875 0.5653125
7 0.00390625 0.55359375 0.56140625
8 0.001953125 0.555546875 0.559453125
9 0.0009765625 0.5565234375 0.5584765625
 x=

y(xi-h) y(xi+h) y'i Extp1

-0.495867415210092 0.872780529714914 1.3686479
-0.381990369820771 0.306402752839986 1.3767862 1.379499012120
-0.266904116618962 0.077807096042559 1.3788449 1.379531052421
-0.194959354918102 -0.02253922833127 1.379361 1.379533066711
-0.155409312248006 -0.06919117801269 1.3794901 1.379533192789
-0.134743069001861 -0.09163299283171 1.3795224 1.379533200671
-0.124187562438107 -0.1026323982157 1.3795305 1.379533201164
-0.118854266803933 -0.10807666892538 1.3795325 1.379533201195
-0.116173740215772 -0.11078493930557 1.379533 1.379533201197
-0.114830008086132 -0.11213560738467 1.3795332 1.379533201197
F(X)=A0+A1(X-X0)+A2(X-XO)(X-X1)+A3(X-X0)(X-X1)(X-X2)

f'(X)=a1+a2(X-X0+X-X1)+A3((X-X1)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))
f'(X)=a1+a2(X-X0+X-X1)+A3((X-X1)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x2)+(x-x0)(x-x1))+a4((x-x1)*(x-x2)*(x-x3)+(x-x0)*(x-x1)

0.5575

ERROR

3.20E-05
2.01E-06
1.26E-07
7.88E-09
4.93E-10
3.08E-11
1.93E-12
9.73E-14
-1.38E+00
(x-x2)*(x-x3)+(x-x0)*(x-x1)(x-x3)+(x-xo)(x-x2)(x-x3))
 NEWTON COTES

f(x)= x^2 - (cos(x))/2 Intervalo de 5,7

Función integrada.
X^3/3-(sen( x))/2
Intervalo a 42.146129
Intervalo b 114.00484
Valor exac 71.858711
a= 5
b= 7 h=
n= 6 h=

x fi coef coef*fi ERROR

5 24.858169 1 24.858168907268 4.439861
5.3333333 28.153543 3 84.460628098545
5.6666667 31.703163 3 95.109488864131
6 35.519915 3 106.55974457003
6.3333333 39.61174 3 118.83521905649
6.6666667 43.980761 3 131.94228177876
7 48.623049 1 48.623048872828

Integral=76.29857252
60

50

40

30

20

10

0
4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8
(b-a)/n
0.3333333
 REGLA TRAPEZOIDAL

f(x)= x^2 - (cos Intervalo de 5,7

Función integrada. derivada

X^3/3-(sen( x))/2 2x+Sen(x)/2
Intervalo a 21.711735
Intervalo b 72.139708
Valor exacto 50.427973
a= 4
b= 6
n= 5

x fi coef coef*fi
5 24.858169 1 24.8581689073
5.4 28.842654 2 57.6853071241
5.8 33.19724 2 66.3944804831
6.2 37.941729 2 75.883457903
6.6 43.084884 2 86.169767408
7 48.623049 2 97.2460977457
7.4 54.540726 1 54.5407263362

Integral= 92.55560118

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8
10

0
4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8
segund derivada
2+Cos (x) / 2
2.498271

h= (b-a)/n
h= 0.4

ERROR
42.127628
 REGLA SIMPSONS

f(x)= x^2 - (cos(x))Intervalo de 5,7

Función integrada.
X^3/3-(sen( x))/2
Intervalo a 21.7117
Intervalo b 72.1397
Valor exacto 50.428
a= 4
b= 6 h=
n= 5 h=

x fi coef coef*fi ERROR

5 24.8582 1 24.8582 42.0511
5.4 28.8427 4 115.371
5.8 33.1972 2 66.3945
6.2 37.9417 4 151.767
6.6 43.0849 2 86.1698
7 48.623 4 194.492
7.4 54.5407 1 54.5407

Integral= 92.479049

60

50

40

30

20

10
30

20

10

0
4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8
(b-a)/n
0.4
 ROMBERG

f(x)= x^2 - (cos(x))/2 Intervalo de 5,7 Función integrada.

X^3/3-(sen( x))/2
Intervalo a 8.92944
Intervalo b 21.711735
Valor exacto 12.782295

a= 3
b= 4
h = 0.50000

h x fi coef coef*fi Estimacion 1

0.5000 -0.188791 1 -0.188791
0.5000 1 0.7298488 2 1.4596977 0.871384453
1.5000 2.2146314 1 2.2146314
0.5000 -0.188791 1 -0.188791
0.7500 0.1966556 2 0.3933111
0.25 1.0000 0.7298488 2 1.4596977 0.836065823
1.2500 1.4048388 2 2.8096776
1.5000 2.2146314 1 2.2146314
0.5000 -0.188791 1 -0.188791
0.6250 -0.014857 2 -0.029713
0.6250 -0.014857 2 -0.029713
0.6250 -0.014857 2 -0.029713
0.125 0.6250 -0.014857 2 -0.029713 -0.02572748
0.6250 -0.014857 2 -0.029713
0.6250 -0.014857 2 -0.029713
0.6250 -0.014857 2 -0.029713
0.6250 -0.014857 1 -0.014857

2.5

1.5

1
 2

1.5

0.5

0
0.4000 0.6000 0.8000 1.0000 1.2000 1.4000 1.6000

-0.5
 unción integrada.
X^3/3-(sen( x))/2

ERROR 13.171105

0.824293

-0.388811

-0.312992
 CUADRATURA GAUSSIANA

f(x)= x^2 - (cos(x))/2 Intervalo de -1,1 a=

b=
4.4240359

((B-A)/2)*(W1*f(2t1)+W2*f(2t2))

f(2t1) 1.1312371 I=
f(2t2) 1.1312371

n t w f(2t) W*f(2t)
2 0.5773502692 1 1.1312371 1.1312371
-0.5773502692 1 1.1312371 1.1312371

3 0.77459667 0.5555555 2.3891994 1.3273328

0 0.8888889 -0.5 -0.444444
-0.77459667 0.5555555 2.3891994 1.3273328

4 -0.86113631 0.3478549 3.0416718 1.0580603

-0.33998104 0.6521452 0.0735501 0.0479654
0.33998104 0.6521452 0.0735501 0.0479654
0.86113631 0.3478549 3.0416718 1.0580603
 Función integrada.
-2 X^3/3-(sen( x))/2
2 Intervalo a -2.212018
Intervalo b 2.212018
t1= 0.5773503 Valor exact4.4240359
t2= -0.57735
n= 2
W1= W2=1

4.5249484

I ERROR
4.5249484 0

4.4204425 0.1045059

4.4241027 0.1008457
CONCLUSIONES:
Podemos observar que en los métodos de derivación el metodo mas confiable es el metodo de
extrapolacion de Richrson, ya que la misma se aproxima efectivamente l valor real en el menos
numero de iteracciones

Por otro lado en los metodo de integrción, los métoso de regla de trapezoidal y simpsons son
bastantes confiables, ya que su valor en el erro son mínimos, de igual forma podemos nombrar a
el método de newton cotes, que tienen un valor de error pequeño y el numero de iterciones
posee la misma carcteristica.