Compendio Sector Lacteo 2022
Compendio Sector Lacteo 2022
Compendio Sector Lacteo 2022
Estadísticas del
Sector Lácteo
2011 - 2021
Mayo de 2022
2
Índice
Comercio Exterior
Balanza comercial del sector lácteo 2010-2021 20
Fracciones arancelarias del sector lácteo 22
Volumen anual de importaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021 24
Valor anual de importaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021 26
Volumen anual de exportaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021 31
Valor anual de exportaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021 33
Precios y costos
Precio medio rural de leche de bovino por entidad federativa 2010-2020 37
Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor de productos lácteos 2011-2021 38
Precios de la leche y productos lácteos en los Estados Unidos 2011-2021 38
Precios internacionales de productos lácteos 2020 40
Precios internacionales de productos lácteos 2021 41
Costos de producción de leche en los Estados Unidos 2011-2021 42
4
Producción anual de leche de bovino por países 2011-2020
(Miles de toneladas de leche fluida)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Estados Unidos 89,019,796 91,009,706 91,276,872 93,464,549 94,618,978 96,366,267 97,761,519 98,687,302 99,083,289 101,251,009
India 57,770,000 59,805,248 62,194,872 66,423,450 73,645,390 78,098,880 83,633,570 89,833,590 90,000,000 87,822,387
Brasil 33,059,100 33,273,554 35,282,893 36,178,091 35,647,876 34,690,813 34,311,513 34,925,136 35,966,213 36,508,411
China 36,929,454 37,784,549 35,672,406 37,609,605 32,173,559 31,018,548 30,772,631 31,165,043 32,444,333 34,837,215
Alemania 30,323,464 30,672,154 31,324,238 32,394,969 32,684,572 32,672,340 32,598,198 33,086,810 33,080,180 33,164,910
Federación de Rusia 31,385,732 31,500,969 30,285,969 30,511,019 30,521,690 29,528,984 29,921,108 30,344,766 31,100,630 31,959,801
Francia 24,361,094 23,998,422 23,747,341 24,978,950 25,068,226 25,627,060 25,539,489 25,055,100 25,062,000 25,147,310
Pakistán 12,906,000 13,393,000 17,372,000 18,027,000 18,027,000 18,441,000 19,136,000 20,903,000 21,691,000 22,508,000
Nueva Zelandia 17,339,000 19,129,000 19,469,000 21,319,715 21,938,825 21,175,530 21,461,603 21,947,466 21,786,167 21,871,305
Turquía 13,802,428 15,977,838 16,655,009 16,998,850 16,933,520 16,786,263 18,762,319 20,036,877 20,782,374 20,000,000
Reino Unido 13,849,000 13,843,000 13,935,000 15,050,000 15,324,000 14,662,000 15,267,000 15,311,000 15,540,000 15,558,000
Polonia 12,413,796 12,667,773 12,718,433 12,985,520 13,236,229 13,244,169 13,304,646 14,171,150 14,502,760 14,821,820
Países Bajos 11,641,718 11,675,448 12,212,690 12,473,023 13,330,873 14,324,294 14,297,361 14,090,000 14,555,000 14,522,000
Italia 10,479,053 10,597,572 10,397,465 11,044,109 11,159,203 10,773,150 11,380,094 12,339,750 12,494,400 12,712,480
México 10,724,288 10,880,870 10,965,632 11,129,622 11,394,663 11,608,400 11,767,556 12,005,692 12,275,865 12,563,699
Argentina 11,552,886 11,339,530 10,971,100 11,009,900 12,060,900 10,292,200 10,097,500 10,526,600 10,339,935 11,113,188
Uzbekistán 6,737,279 7,240,172 7,845,375 8,404,235 8,994,767 9,663,242 10,005,484 10,415,660 10,662,305 10,930,078
Canadá 7,764,331 7,964,430 7,806,771 7,812,340 8,160,068 8,440,863 8,968,614 9,218,754 9,210,453 9,331,117
Ucrania 10,804,000 11,079,500 11,188,910 10,860,580 10,359,400 10,136,700 10,280,500 9,825,550 9,447,800 9,057,970
Austraila 9,101,000 9,480,132 9,522,000 9,542,000 9,489,000 10,019,853 9,331,500 9,289,000 8,795,038 8,797,000
Irlanda 5,536,680 5,387,770 5,583,670 5,816,220 6,585,120 6,851,430 7,478,160 7,831,250 8,244,870 8,561,470
Belarús 6,485,200 6,753,200 6,618,300 6,686,800 7,030,200 7,122,000 7,304,000 7,328,600 7,378,500 7,751,800
Resto de países 151,533,297 154,483,098 155,397,380 158,552,841 156,922,441 158,166,695 159,828,933 161,878,330 163,821,153 167,247,473
Total Mundial 615,518,596 629,936,935 638,443,326 659,273,388 665,306,500 669,710,681 683,209,298 700,216,426 708,264,265 718,038,443
Nota: Las cifras de la producción de México pueden no coincidir con los cuadros subsecuentes debido a que aquí se reporta la producción en peso de leche
fluida y en la estadística nacional se reporta en volumen de leche fluida. Además de la diferencia en los datos debido a la densidad de la leche, se respetan tal
cual las cifras reportadas por las fuentes originales.
India
México
13%
2%
Italia
2%
Países Bajos Brasil
2% 6%
Polonia
2%
Reino Unido China
2% Turquía 5%
Nueva Zelandia3%
Pakistán Francia Rusia Alemania
3%
3% 5% 5%
4%
6
Valor de la producción pecuaria nacional 2011-2020
(Miles de pesos)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2017 2018 2019 2020
Carne de Bovino 61,726,431 66,781,834 74,049,538 90,963,134 115,512,562 118,850,022 127,375,365 127,375,365 134,452,709 139,612,126 145,026,474
Carne de Ave 71,028,657 76,096,680 84,220,110 89,222,296 86,719,765 91,837,680 99,323,728 99,323,728 107,162,137 114,194,509 121,332,789
Leche de Bovino 53,029,602 56,445,380 60,678,408 65,000,180 66,969,586 67,751,168 70,660,026 70,660,026 73,687,499 79,597,269 84,771,734
Carne de Porcino 37,738,565 40,490,518 45,372,592 49,025,961 54,080,576 56,892,934 62,190,912 62,190,912 67,100,071 73,032,427 75,342,946
Huevo para Plato 32,505,819 38,166,797 50,281,581 52,448,542 49,032,711 48,768,713 52,666,953 52,666,953 57,152,232 61,403,058 66,162,238
Carne de Ovino 2,678,120 2,864,481 3,020,244 3,257,101 3,664,343 3,871,285 4,257,313 4,257,313 4,582,242 4,803,552 4,934,927
Carne de Caprino 1,847,235 1,867,178 1,854,004 2,031,666 2,163,743 2,298,107 2,488,433 2,488,433 2,626,557 2,695,990 2,703,274
Miel 1,914,194 2,002,802 2,168,879 2,283,906 2,400,177 2,278,810 2,190,411 2,190,411 2,754,619 2,488,815 2,187,012
Carne de Guajolote 914,526 988,846 899,800 1,015,394 1,021,564 932,166 941,076 941,076 998,934 1,004,038 1,030,613
Leche de Caprino 731,773 731,179 727,701 781,668 785,105 793,456 830,715 830,715 902,531 987,348 1,056,879
Cera en Greña 111,535 115,567 139,568 115,894 89,401 117,808 116,100 116,100 124,284 120,675 96,293
Lana sucia 18,160 19,574 20,513 22,064 22,737 24,765 23,692 23,692 22,501 20,600 21,131
Total Pecuarios 264,244,617 286,570,836 323,432,938 356,167,806 382,462,270 394,416,914 423,064,722 423,064,722 451,566,317 479,960,407 504,666,310
Fuente: Agricutura-SIAP
Carne de Bovino
29%
Carne de Ave
24%
7
Producción anual de leche de bovino 1990-2021
(Miles de litros)
Fuente: Agricultura-SIAP
8
9
Producción anual de leche de bovino por entidad federativa 2011-2021
(Miles de litros)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Aguascalientes 372,252 367,599 374,460 384,293 394,956 406,874 432,041 422,881 421,018 425,832 429,785
Baja California 181,190 159,231 157,817 168,817 169,557 168,995 175,075 186,139 191,667 206,879 204,870
Baja California Sur 41,144 40,566 39,486 39,560 30,583 33,774 33,288 33,185 33,670 34,436 34,486
Campeche 36,364 38,424 38,168 38,772 42,782 42,708 42,992 43,898 42,837 43,599 44,837
Coahuila 1,275,065 1,287,918 1,327,471 1,361,619 1,380,539 1,411,959 1,358,884 1,353,017 1,394,913 1,457,972 1,459,173
Colima 36,059 35,548 35,316 36,965 39,012 39,125 39,508 40,161 41,343 42,470 45,052
Chiapas 402,583 402,727 404,148 410,738 423,627 423,965 425,343 433,738 443,024 436,062 451,492
Chihuahua 930,020 979,502 980,757 1,007,346 1,034,227 1,051,731 1,095,174 1,128,405 1,160,432 1,189,304 1,212,845
Distrito Federal 13,784 12,678 14,187 13,400 12,930 14,029 14,186 13,092 12,402 12,180 11,903
Durango 997,155 1,037,913 1,017,020 1,036,137 1,142,047 1,133,982 1,208,808 1,226,362 1,242,953 1,291,208 1,444,932
Guanajuato 784,770 735,616 713,037 772,558 796,786 823,444 822,161 850,063 859,944 873,908 882,065
Guerrero 83,764 88,809 89,953 83,894 88,103 89,638 88,326 86,853 87,190 88,539 89,025
Hidalgo 398,540 364,018 427,717 413,097 417,750 419,902 418,127 411,703 416,520 413,145 411,186
Jalisco 1,991,577 2,024,966 2,078,203 2,085,859 2,157,002 2,228,482 2,306,316 2,433,017 2,541,915 2,625,726 2,706,304
Mexico 482,082 469,315 467,972 460,167 455,283 448,833 440,268 429,786 444,714 431,194 427,719
Michoacan 339,389 344,810 336,069 335,685 328,360 343,622 340,596 345,484 356,653 368,148 371,443
Morelos 20,890 22,421 21,900 20,115 20,092 20,245 20,495 20,628 20,926 21,373 21,608
Nayarit 60,104 55,779 42,627 39,157 35,459 36,319 38,091 37,862 38,184 38,099 39,616
Nuevo Leon 37,790 38,622 36,835 33,459 27,743 24,685 23,388 23,273 22,957 22,824 22,301
Oaxaca 147,933 147,102 145,285 148,964 146,197 147,683 145,337 147,501 147,833 146,473 148,807
Puebla 404,132 422,768 439,055 443,443 449,000 448,782 442,688 445,751 446,822 449,188 453,083
Queretaro 195,147 336,644 341,602 360,908 364,177 382,692 385,628 402,317 399,236 403,234 406,788
Quintana Roo 5,562 6,128 4,567 4,672 4,809 4,642 5,226 5,514 4,663 5,434 6,019
San Luis Potosi 128,772 125,820 124,331 127,305 132,154 138,116 143,572 150,462 150,302 153,237 154,089
Sinaloa 105,875 102,519 93,645 101,296 103,486 106,945 102,431 101,601 97,332 97,204 98,204
Sonora 112,055 110,764 111,375 108,112 108,639 116,443 117,147 113,565 113,429 112,770 113,566
Tabasco 101,522 106,960 101,275 99,599 99,598 103,269 105,587 103,894 104,554 104,390 105,101
Tamaulipas 29,666 28,242 27,680 21,753 20,267 18,790 19,126 20,300 19,649 20,765 20,815
Tlaxcala 109,978 109,952 102,745 103,241 98,027 85,761 85,242 83,368 83,179 82,850 81,467
Veracruz 723,106 715,190 706,981 693,950 695,762 703,003 743,182 723,615 747,350 767,058 777,516
Yucatan 3,153 3,009 2,530 2,584 3,616 3,008 2,842 2,797 2,723 2,742 2,481
Zacatecas 172,867 159,310 161,419 172,455 172,093 186,046 186,483 188,004 185,531 185,557 188,788
Total Nacional 10,724,290 10,880,870 10,965,633 11,129,920 11,394,663 11,607,492 11,807,558 12,008,236 12,275,865 12,553,806 12,867,366
Fuente: Agricultura-SIAP
Las principales cuatro entidades productoras de leche de bovino contribuyen con más de
la mitad de la producción nacional
1º Jalisco 21.0 %
2º Coahuila 11.3 %
3º Durango 11.2 %
4º Chihuahua 9.4 %
10
Producción mensual de leche de bovino 2011-2021
(Miles de litros)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Ene 846,827 839,474 868,179 875,046 892,746 909,607 930,146 944,751 961,425 982,258 1,002,919
Feb 824,083 823,862 831,730 848,510 867,057 886,937 901,354 918,658 939,157 962,354 985,216
Mar 845,019 848,364 863,556 871,578 895,419 907,492 927,279 944,467 966,633 991,576 1,019,616
Abr 840,583 863,510 860,998 883,256 906,204 926,459 947,207 963,774 987,490 1,007,825 1,030,282
May 862,882 894,448 892,946 914,975 938,239 949,834 974,352 989,729 1,007,313 1,031,466 1,044,381
Jun 887,924 916,531 928,019 946,998 964,702 972,823 989,748 1,007,567 1,033,854 1,054,292 1,091,764
Jul 947,583 976,949 965,669 994,785 1,019,368 1,039,282 1,046,711 1,053,390 1,080,912 1,103,726 1,117,175
Ago 965,584 969,387 975,299 979,622 1,003,405 1,034,567 1,050,014 1,069,583 1,084,435 1,116,857 1,140,742
Sep 964,629 962,538 965,445 970,110 1,000,277 1,007,923 1,030,053 1,057,656 1,067,266 1,094,811 1,117,558
Oct 949,682 948,917 956,881 960,257 990,230 1,011,848 1,018,340 1,036,352 1,073,529 1,090,532 1,119,586
Nov 913,340 935,881 936,182 954,148 960,774 973,196 1,001,154 1,008,624 1,042,682 1,054,142 1,105,570
Dic 876,152 901,009 920,728 930,636 956,242 987,527 991,199 1,013,685 1,031,169 1,063,962 1,092,556
Total Anual 10,724,288 10,880,870 10,965,632 11,129,921 11,394,663 11,607,495 11,807,557 12,008,236 12,275,865 12,553,801 12,867,365
Fuente: Agricultura-SIAP
1000000
Miles de litros
950000
900000
850000
800000
Ene Feb Mar Abr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic
11
12
Producción mensual de leche de bovino por entidad federativa 2021
(Miles de litros)
Ene Feb Mar Abr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic Total
Aguascalientes 34,856 34,086 34,471 34,504 33,516 35,875 36,894 37,539 35,852 36,896 39,851 35,445 429,785
Baja California 17,233 16,614 16,936 16,914 16,403 16,495 16,447 17,061 17,140 17,210 17,668 18,749 204,870
Baja California Sur 2,753 2,780 3,015 2,815 2,930 2,961 2,925 2,932 2,850 2,886 2,823 2,816 34,486
Campeche 3,374 3,361 3,537 3,710 3,537 3,537 3,744 3,550 3,762 3,780 4,155 4,790 44,837
Coahuila 120,074 114,173 120,659 121,356 123,297 122,101 125,997 123,831 120,664 120,810 121,886 124,323 1,459,171
Colima 2,409 2,314 2,186 2,355 1,990 2,489 2,368 4,350 7,229 7,243 5,239 4,878 45,050
Chiapas 35,166 33,648 34,806 34,259 35,163 36,807 38,179 41,029 38,178 37,858 40,206 46,191 451,490
Chihuahua 92,514 92,426 98,115 99,064 99,995 106,874 109,935 111,661 102,692 107,940 99,825 91,803 1,212,844
Distrito Federal 924 926 946 979 1,050 1,076 1,024 1,021 1,162 964 990 842 11,904
Durango 117,534 109,764 116,359 118,562 119,385 120,651 124,690 124,748 124,428 125,166 119,072 124,574 1,444,933
Guanajuato 71,080 69,772 70,199 70,809 71,902 74,579 75,145 75,406 75,313 75,606 76,056 76,198 882,065
Guerrero 7,179 6,716 6,776 6,684 6,551 6,963 7,334 7,530 7,616 7,817 8,648 9,210 89,024
Hidalgo 28,934 29,467 32,466 36,259 34,815 36,145 36,684 42,095 35,310 34,683 33,018 31,310 411,186
Jalisco 204,291 206,985 206,387 208,725 217,804 234,670 233,159 240,379 237,713 240,234 245,705 230,252 2,706,304
Mexico 30,416 29,571 30,589 29,980 30,970 34,042 40,008 43,686 45,503 43,036 36,539 33,379 427,719
Michoacan 30,989 29,486 29,318 29,988 30,266 30,999 30,998 30,731 30,633 31,595 32,345 34,097 371,445
Morelos 1,804 1,760 1,764 1,764 1,761 1,808 1,805 1,773 1,817 1,819 1,924 1,810 21,609
Nayarit 3,113 3,077 3,034 2,907 2,736 2,545 2,858 3,782 3,986 3,975 3,843 3,760 39,616
Nuevo Leon 1,734 1,774 1,826 1,827 1,751 1,949 1,940 1,849 2,022 1,896 1,887 1,846 22,301
Oaxaca 9,927 10,574 11,536 11,214 11,801 12,283 12,504 12,033 12,605 14,104 15,047 15,180 148,808
Puebla 35,463 35,814 38,211 37,391 37,875 39,245 37,855 37,293 38,804 38,829 37,996 38,306 453,082
Queretaro 32,861 32,493 33,667 33,122 33,547 34,010 33,032 35,144 35,347 34,149 33,618 35,797 406,787
Quintana Roo 449 462 463 476 466 488 504 510 504 591 571 536 6,020
San Luis Potosi 12,091 12,082 12,696 12,798 12,891 13,322 13,349 13,472 13,278 13,181 12,274 12,655 154,089
Sinaloa 7,860 7,665 7,916 8,148 7,716 8,166 8,695 8,631 8,477 8,336 8,313 8,280 98,203
Sonora 9,096 9,254 10,060 10,065 9,481 9,300 9,379 9,369 9,523 9,495 9,136 9,409 113,567
Tabasco 5,787 6,150 7,402 8,693 10,480 12,443 12,409 12,442 9,526 7,314 6,622 5,832 105,100
Tamaulipas 1,616 1,622 1,647 1,734 1,740 1,766 1,755 1,783 1,820 1,814 1,785 1,734 20,816
Tlaxcala 6,249 6,446 6,605 6,624 6,853 7,122 7,313 7,317 6,856 6,718 6,312 7,054 81,469
Veracruz 59,696 58,421 59,698 60,628 60,267 65,029 71,601 71,115 71,298 67,880 66,353 65,531 777,517
Yucatan 211 217 224 231 222 228 224 184 188 181 182 190 2,482
Zacatecas 15,238 15,317 16,101 15,696 15,222 15,794 16,423 16,496 15,460 15,580 15,680 15,780 188,787
Total Nacional 1,002,921 985,217 1,019,615 1,030,281 1,044,383 1,091,762 1,117,177 1,140,742 1,117,556 1,119,586 1,105,569 1,092,557 12,867,366
Fuente: Agricultura-SIAP
13
Balanza Disponibilidad - Consumo de lácteos en los Estados Unidos 2011-2022
(Miles de millones de libras)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 e/
Producción 196.2 200.6 201.2 206.0 208.6 212.4 215.5 217.6 218.4 223.3 226.3 226.3
Uso en fincas 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1
Oferta base grasa
Inv. comerciales inciales 10.8 10.9 12.2 11.2 10.5 12.3 12.7 13.4 13.8 13.6 15.6 14.3
Comercialización 195.3 199.7 200.2 205.2 207.6 211.4 214.5 216.6 217.4 222.2 225.2 225.3
Importaciones 3.5 4.1 3.7 4.1 5.8 7.0 6.0 6.3 6.9 6.8 6.5 6.4
Oferta comercial total 209.6 214.7 216.2 220.5 223.9 230.8 233.2 236.3 238.1 242.6 247.4 246.0
Uso base grasa
Exportaciones 9.5 8.8 12.4 12.3 8.5 8.4 9.2 10.4 9.1 9.3 11.6 11.5
Inv. comerciales finales 10.9 12.2 11.2 11.3 12.3 12.7 13.4 13.8 13.6 15.6 14.3 12.9
Donaciones CCC - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.3 - -
Uso comercial interno 189.2 193.7 192.6 197.1 203.0 209.7 210.6 212.1 215.2 217.5 221.4 221.6
Oferta base sólidos no grasos
Inv. comerciales inciales 12.2 11.8 12.4 11.6 9.4 9.2 9.5 11.8 10.7 10.2 10.9 11.0
Comercialización 195.3 199.7 200.2 205.0 207.6 211.4 214.5 216.6 217.4 222.2 225.2 225.3
Importaciones 5.3 5.7 5.3 5.8 6.0 6.5 6.1 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.8
Oferta comercial total 212.7 217.2 217.9 222.7 223.1 227.1 230.1 233.8 233.9 238.0 241.8 242.1
Uso base grasa
Exportaciones 32.7 33.3 38.5 38.7 37.3 39.0 40.8 44.7 41.5 47.2 51.1 50.3
Inv. comerciales finales 11.8 12.4 11.6 11.9 9.2 9.5 11.8 10.7 10.2 10.9 11.0 11.0
Donaciones CCC - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.1 - -
Uso comercial interno 168.2 171.5 167.7 172.1 176.6 178.5 177.5 178.5 182.0 179.8 179.7 180.8
e/ = Estimado
Fuente: USDA-WASDE
14
Producto interno bruto anual de la industria alimentaria 2011-2021
(Millones de pesos corrientes)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Elaboración de alimento para animales 17,168 19,645 19,130 18,675 20,604 23,383 23,825 25,486 26,292 28,999 34,992
Molienda de granos y semillas 43,311 49,540 49,773 49,744 50,306 54,597 59,643 64,723 66,578 72,442 82,027
Azúcares, chocolates, dulces y similares 37,298 40,348 37,464 35,443 38,799 47,052 52,620 52,952 53,180 56,329 52,875
Frutas, verduras y alimentos preparados 17,873 19,016 19,617 20,408 23,052 26,498 28,338 29,462 31,213 32,309 34,948
Productos lácteos 56,781 59,954 64,235 64,863 65,082 67,127 72,092 76,125 78,835 79,936 85,448
Matanza y preparado de carnes 111,003 120,816 130,485 145,053 158,985 173,434 187,063 201,076 211,991 226,933 269,378
Pescados y mariscos 2,640 2,853 3,141 3,029 3,128 3,346 4,057 4,492 4,292 4,522 4,701
Productos de panadería y tortillas 160,386 182,845 190,589 193,409 207,996 219,808 235,643 248,190 259,566 269,761 300,664
Otras industrias alimentarias 71,501 78,663 88,428 89,668 95,749 104,805 111,261 117,184 120,957 121,603 131,366
Total industria alimentaria 517,962 573,678 602,862 620,292 663,701 720,051 774,542 819,690 688,780 892,834 996,400
Fuente: INEGI
Pescados y mariscos
0% Matanza y preparado
de carnes
27%
15
Producción industrial de leche y derivados 2011-2021
(Miles de litros y toneladas)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Leche pasteurizada * 1/ 2,791,446 2,552,302 2,490,216 2,401,458 2,367,031 2,363,214 2,333,692 2,232,196 2,351,154 2,213,276 2,097,784
Leche ultrapasteurizada * 2/ 1,483,590 1,266,674 1,257,154 1,165,700 1,180,084 1,258,429 1,276,472 1,250,131 1,315,641 1,344,831 1,306,705
Yogurth /3 785,097 803,419 767,436 733,820 764,820 771,439 802,795 684,566 678,451 614,613 607,253
Crema /4 127,779 166,178 182,119 193,690 198,796 197,239 200,587 201,748 193,472 204,351 203,007
Leche en polvo 5/ 241,074 253,487 263,373 244,855 251,280 258,188 258,196 239,052 255,628 244,036 239,424
Quesos 6/ 275,411 292,551 323,944 353,573 363,271 375,597 363,845 453,553 476,927 487,390 516,155
Mantequilla 14,985 19,262 20,921 19,530 23,159 25,752 27,438 31,243 27,287 26,243 29,861
*/ Miles de litros
1/ Incluye leche pasteurizada, homogeneizada entera, descremada, rehidratada y de sabores.
2/ Incluye leche entera y descremada.
3/ Incluye yogurt natural, yogurt con frutas y/o cereales, para beber y licuados.
4/ Incluye crema o grasa butírica y crema de leche natural.
5/ Incluye leche entera, descremada y para lactantes.
6/ Incluye quesos Amarillo, Chihuahua, Crema, Doble Crema, Fresco, Manchego, Oaxaca, Panela y Otros.
Fuente: INEGI
TMCA 2011-2021
8.0% 7.1%
6.5%
6.0%
4.7%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
Leche Leche Yogurth Crema Leche en polvo
-0.1% Qu esos Mantequilla
pasteurizada ultrap as teurizada
-2.0% -1.3%
-2.8% -2.5%
-4.0%
17
Producción industrial de leche líquida 2011-2021
(Miles de litros)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Pasteurizada 2,791,446 2,552,302 2,490,216 2,401,458 2,367,031 2,363,214 2,333,692 2,232,196 2,351,154 2,213,276 2,097,784
Entera Pasteurizada 620,552 592,143 573,253 506,709 511,752 498,921 506,512 494,340 671,599 694,839 666,418
Entera Pasteurizada y Homogeneizada 1,224,110 1,141,980 1,155,001 1,119,458 1,071,079 1,082,957 1,049,376 989,233 1,049,467 965,186 945,684
Descremada Pasteurizada y Homogeneizada 121,605 119,778 98,876 105,744 111,527 108,030 97,529 97,367 23,390 20,398 17,733
De sabor 175,621 135,497 118,426 121,850 128,989 149,778 162,155 165,584 120,866 90,909 93,357
Rehidratada 649,558 562,904 544,660 547,697 543,684 523,528 518,120 485,672 485,832 441,944 374,592
Ultrapasteurizada 1,483,590 1,266,674 1,257,154 1,165,700 1,180,084 1,258,429 1,276,472 1,250,131 1,315,641 1,344,831 1,306,705
Entera Ultrapasteurizada 413,030 184,385 133,298 114,062 120,016 118,882 121,091 123,666 123,938 116,265 126,753
Descremada Ultrapasteurizada 1,070,560 1,082,289 1,123,856 1,051,638 1,060,068 1,139,547 1,155,381 1,126,465 1,191,703 1,228,566 1,179,952
Total Pasteurizada y Ultrapasteurizada 4,275,036 3,818,976 3,747,370 3,567,158 3,547,115 3,621,643 3,610,164 3,482,327 3,666,795 3,558,107 3,404,489
Fuente: INEGI
Fuente: INEGI
18
Producción industrial de yogurt 2011-2021
(Toneladas)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Natural 90,752 90,350 89,661 96,673 104,297 109,753 103,244 110,952 112,235 99,422 97,234
Con frutas y/o cereales 258,826 266,440 264,032 283,284 277,728 278,679 291,319 236,425 208,106 198,620 203,589
Para beber 398,345 408,334 383,802 331,227 370,804 368,553 390,107 322,254 344,684 304,467 294,925
Licuado 37,174 38,295 29,941 22,636 11,991 14,454 18,125 14,935 13,426 12,104 11,505
Total 785,097 803,419 767,436 733,820 764,820 771,439 802,795 684,566 678,451 614,613 607,253
Fuente: INEGI
19
Balanza comercial del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(Millones de dólares)
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Importaciones 1,576 2,064 2,023 2,242 2,401 1,915 1,905 2,085 2,060 2,399 2,154 2,299
Exportaciones 372 442 456 546 507 478 460 534 706 658 629 560
Saldo - 1,204 - 1,621 - 1,566 - 1,696 - 1,893 - 1,437 - 1,445 - 1,551 - 1,354 - 1,741 - 1,526 - 1,739
Fuente: Secretaría de Economía
En 2021 México importó 2,299 mdd de productos lácteos, exportó 560 mdd y tiene por
tanto un déficit comercial en esta materia por 1,739 mdd
3,000
2,500 2,299
2,000
1,500
MILLONES DE DÓLARES
1,000
560
500
-
1
-500
-1,000
-1,500
-2,000 -1,739
Importaciones Exportaciones Saldo
20
Fracciones arancelarias del sector lácteo
Fracción
Descripción
Arancelaria
0401 Leche y nata (crema), sin concentrar, sin adición de azúcar ni otro edulcorante
0401.10.02 Con un contenido de materias grasas inferior o igual al 1% en peso.
0401.20.02 Con un contenido de materias grasas superior al 1% pero inferior o igual al 6%, en peso.
0401.40.02 Con un contenido de materias grasas superior al 6% pero inferior o igual al 10%, en peso.
0401.50.02 Con un contenido de materias grasas superior al 10% en peso.
0402 Leche y nata (crema), concentradas o con adición de azúcar u otro edulcorante
0402.10.01 En polvo, gránulos o demás formas sólidas, con un contenido de materias grasas inferior o igual al 1.5% en peso. Leche en polvo o en pastillas
0402.10.99 En polvo, gránulos o demás formas sólidas, con un contenido de materias grasas inferior o igual al 1.5% en peso. Las demás.
En polvo, gránulos o demás formas sólidas, con un contenido de materias grasas superior al 1.5% en peso. Sin adición de azúcar ni otro edulcorante.
0402.21.01
Leche en polvo o en pastillas.
En polvo, gránulos o demás formas sólidas, con un contenido de materias grasas superior al 1.5% en peso. Sin adición de azúcar ni otro edulcorante.
0402.21.99
Las demás.
0402.29.99 En polvo, gránulos o demás formas sólidas, con un contenido de materias grasas superior al 1.5% en peso. Las demás. Las demás.
0402.91.01 Las demás. sin adición de azúcar ni otro edulcorante. Leche evaporada.
0402.91.99 Las demás. sin adición de azúcar ni otro edulcorante. Las demás.
Suero de mantequilla; leche y nata (crema) cuajadas, yogur, kefir y demás leches y natas (cremas), fermentadas o acidificadas, incluso
0403
concentrados, con adición de azúcar u otro edulcorante, aromatizados o con frutas u otros frutos o cacao
0403.10.01 Yogur. Yogur
0403.90.99 Los demás. Los demás
Lactosuero, incluso concentrado o con adición de azúcar u otro edulcorante; productos constituidos por los componentes naturales de la leche,
0404
incluso con adición de azúcar u otro edulcorante, no expresados ni comprendidos en otra parte
Lactosuero, aunque esté modificado, incluso concentrado o con adición de azúcar u otro edulcorante. Suero de leche en polvo, con contenido de
0404.10.01
proteínas igual o inferior a 12.5%.
0404.10.99 Lactosuero, aunque esté modificado, incluso concentrado o con adición de azúcar u otro edulcorante. Los demás.
Continúa …
22
Fracciones arancelarias del sector lácteo
Continuación …
Fracción
Descripción
Arancelaria
Preparaciones alimenticias de productos de las partidas 04.01 a 04.04 que no contengan cacao o con un contenido de cacao inferior al 5% en
1901
peso calculado sobre una base totalmente desgrasada, no expresadas ni comprendidas en otra parte
1901.10.02 Preparaciones para la alimentación de lactantes o niños de corta edad, acondicionadas para la venta al por menor.
Preparaciones a base de productos lácteos con un contenido de sólidos lácteos superior al 10%, pero inferior o igual a 50%, en peso, excepto las
1901.90.03
comprendidas en la fracción 1901.90.04.
Preparaciones a base de productos lácteos con un contenido de sólidos lácteos superior al 10%, acondicionadas en envases para la venta al por menor
1901.90.04
cuya etiqueta contenga indicaciones para la utilización directa del producto en la preparación de alimentos o postres, por ejemplo.
Preparaciones a base de productos lácteos con un contenido de sólidos lácteos superior al 50%, en peso, excepto las comprendidas en la fracción
1901.90.05
1901.90.04.
1901.90.99 Las demás preparaciones a base de productos lácteos.
23
Volumen anual de importaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(litros y kilogramos)
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
0401.10.01 498,209 514,490 804,262 691,452 399,469 380,268 359,436 275,870 268,824 315,341 226,091 -
0401.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 172,903
0401.10.99 364 - - - 728 181 - - - - - -
0401.20.01 24,918,585 24,507,393 28,395,598 35,432,241 31,949,953 34,382,826 36,095,278 30,947,304 37,174,363 37,435,696 28,849,467 -
0401.20.02 - - - - - - - - - - 450,061 27,069,808
0401.20.99 221 2,269,716 68,094 - - - 21,198 - 12 - - -
0401.40.01 - - 285,174 511,353 297,842 328,174 241,805 131,043 120,433 102,480 43,447 -
0401.40.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 480,672
0401.40.99 - - 178,685 331,050 278,726 564,505 583,379 577,082 994,803 1,015,221 634,080 -
0401.50.01 - - 1,266,057 769,406 569,353 2,642,606 638,275 596,378 178,387 209,010 119,190 720
0401.50.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 457,851
0401.50.99 - - 3,051,604 2,115,127 637,239 1,135,821 8,457,920 8,198,962 2,236,513 413,711 1,428,924 -
0402.10.01 154,716,688 193,996,114 235,542,142 197,757,076 203,182,156 258,522,578 285,631,329 330,743,892 360,359,897 360,644,199 308,900,662 310,924,780
0402.10.99 179,875 7 - - - - 6 18,725 - - - 1,275
0402.21.01 14,851,204 30,303,565 8,498,011 10,522,922 7,236,946 7,076,063 11,381,994 4,132,872 7,174,411 3,053,007 3,450,604 5,964,941
0402.21.99 40,755 74,027 58,922 89,676 97,705 102,604 142,906 47,514 6,917 - 5 -
0402.29.99 3,379 272 60 - 3,812 2,330 8,000 25,774 4,874 1,224 - 12,746
0402.91.01 2,471,837 3,943,911 4,236,711 1,615,479 268,267 31,792 93 37 - 3 12 -
0402.91.99 3,975,826 6,971,681 4,290,193 6,951,651 6,803,849 3,090,383 653,692 21,083 460,362 556 367 1,304
0402.99.01 14,392,788 14,837,958 18,329,999 11,030,818 11,193,348 2,938,222 2,474,553 2,013,700 1,562,473 1,439,334 1,398,440 1,906,086
0402.99.99 336,174 392,724 481,982 708,906 496,870 562,552 410,747 470,420 336,923 314,108 260,015 260,535
0403.10.01 833,735 1,091,392 1,097,552 1,335,244 1,834,728 1,975,039 2,655,477 3,895,701 3,504,166 4,129,424 3,070,896 3,910,617
0403.90.99 11,776,535 13,477,136 9,299,232 9,998,178 6,278,202 8,478,237 13,188,344 14,006,754 14,791,018 8,980,621 9,378,700 8,065,666
0404.10.01 37,442,413 33,178,567 30,993,421 36,635,711 32,594,745 30,577,781 27,841,538 40,607,305 47,804,628 54,238,412 26,672,928 30,158,362
0404.10.99 23,718,418 25,140,342 25,066,229 19,944,066 25,571,856 19,965,850 17,538,827 16,659,156 14,538,737 17,169,698 17,660,809 18,369,723
0404.90.99 14,000,893 12,678,597 12,489,132 9,853,623 9,932,708 8,980,099 10,281,730 10,833,308 17,216,563 14,319,724 10,778,500 13,743,949
0405.10.01 1,765,862 1,858,074 587,313 675,460 620,442 779,465 773,472 861,307 841,261 1,127,859 1,150,398 4,648
0405.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - 16,740 4,536,964
0405.10.99 1,824,548 1,836,248 1,424,708 1,804,232 1,702,568 2,255,237 1,812,607 1,906,086 1,982,966 3,251,658 2,697,329 10,800
0405.20.01 144,739 102,858 64,105 2,572 20,589 22,278 29,163 4,414 4,238 6,038 3,035 2,199
0405.90.01 35,960,786 25,382,825 27,654,433 37,696,799 28,087,240 31,952,137 49,680,302 36,600,799 23,470,764 43,768,743 30,603,945 14,702,748
0405.90.99 292,526 - 1,065 29 324 994 23,588 40,779 421,155 72,496 50,325 43,570
0406.10.01 11,113,043 5,033,802 7,849,669 12,681,785 11,565,976 13,251,080 10,617,083 8,801,671 8,307,174 6,671,929 6,078,237 5,638,529
0406.20.01 13,302,199 19,960,167 21,473,325 25,129,864 27,917,597 32,965,941 37,930,851 40,914,407 46,743,810 48,939,369 48,948,396 48,466,098
0406.30.01 29,155 24,720 26,755 59,180 72,358 55,407 45,541 36,587 10,157 58,551 20,262 -
0406.30.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 947,300
0406.30.99 738,191 725,776 811,519 796,297 1,000,276 1,053,206 880,501 937,864 799,724 828,543 712,795 -
0406.40.01 418,705 428,309 488,568 474,566 505,649 472,822 521,034 555,359 529,197 523,336 408,132 465,195
0406.90.01 625 98 1,503 232 742 1,036 209 878 810 988 926 622
0406.90.02 891,054 1,202,003 990,610 1,057,794 949,278 789,078 1,565,947 1,478,423 1,017,235 1,686,505 954,653 1,655,332
0406.90.03 25,359 26,129 34,819 36,258 31,651 33,410 48,298 46,291 29,632 27,013 28,829 -
0406.90.04 27,727,428 25,119,253 22,569,838 22,539,399 20,785,642 27,116,532 35,549,979 36,927,310 34,803,328 28,731,335 26,729,072 26,625,142
0406.90.05 - - - - - - - 22 - - - -
0406.90.06 2,213,343 7,666,293 3 126 1 1 - - 3,682,430 9,137,549 5,213,098 -
0406.90.99 23,900,497 17,867,103 35,070,387 40,619,044 36,376,236 40,315,665 38,935,093 31,810,734 27,051,729 24,424,387 24,876,571 36,711,518
Continúa …
24
Volumen anual de importaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(litros y kilogramos)
Continuación …
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
1702.11.01 33,403,682 33,376,369 28,125,939 31,744,044 29,985,290 36,652,830 42,086,803 45,178,597 52,727,273 54,905,640 41,820,076 34,526,225
1702.19.01 3,024,062 2,868,087 20,478 657,611 1,536,435 236,356 35,484 259,858 610,972 2,214,427 257,837 1,781
1702.19.99 597 9,925 9,960 30,525 145 1,750 1,200 1,100 2,300 1,281 1,190 323
1901.10.01 6,630,743 6,331,965 7,733,067 7,579,101 6,007,243 8,283,422 8,180,658 8,131,431 8,811,585 7,911,012 8,094,358 207,259
1901.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - 10,281 7,436,988
1901.10.99 1,766,310 2,079,347 1,656,735 1,838,291 1,607,663 2,036,983 2,075,168 1,162,411 1,559,032 2,875,263 509,974 -
1901.90.03 2,258,416 2,209,647 2,491,234 2,620,066 3,031,400 3,179,806 4,091,345 3,941,952 4,350,556 5,916,261 6,902,264 4,787,788
1901.90.04 2,700,036 2,585,404 3,639,285 9,606,589 15,583,957 14,810,536 16,978,289 18,138,777 19,883,251 17,667,303 19,046,636 14,848,175
1901.90.05 10,744,952 18,136,100 12,910,508 11,465,884 21,617,824 8,051,690 12,642,772 1,437,908 4,943,713 4,507,910 6,258,469 8,946,127
1901.90.99 5,786,154 7,215,326 7,474,462 6,507,253 5,381,973 5,208,348 6,272,179 6,338,121 5,611,376 5,796,888 4,758,119 5,892,526
2105.00.01 20,793,472 22,805,753 24,174,265 27,455,569 27,336,801 25,917,879 23,865,407 20,889,171 24,365,855 26,241,977 24,704,074 23,238,078
2106.90.08 5,470,272 6,205,679 6,109,780 7,730,994 8,150,444 9,797,613 7,840,425 7,444,695 9,359,825 8,229,203 7,197,088 7,289,219
2106.90.12 - - 2 - - - - - - - - -
2202.90.04 5,104,122 7,501,184 5,939,359 4,775,312 4,707,920 5,082,847 5,699,776 4,690,636 4,868,769 4,417,610 1,787,767 -
2202.99.04 - - - - - - - - - - - 1,231,764
2309.90.10 837,396 898,972 745,689 589,182 996,025 961,315 1,151,248 1,067,186 2,771,630 3,928,588 4,325,779 39,950
2309.90.11 9,193,071 9,547,358 8,744,460 6,585,804 5,512,095 3,545,662 3,447,012 4,836,861 4,855,580 4,846,612 4,810,316 -
3501.10.01 9,110,404 9,657,791 11,516,176 11,882,463 14,226,538 13,873,502 15,404,310 15,194,151 18,135,211 19,683,665 16,992,429 18,709,855
3501.90.01 8,854 5,136 1,572 - - - - - 3 - - -
3501.90.02 2,749,860 2,901,746 3,423,011 2,909,817 2,950,414 3,044,331 3,232,276 3,000,112 3,254,847 3,263,640 2,764,399 -
3501.90.03 - - - - - - - - - - 240 -
3501.90.99 604 50 300 - - - 1 300 1 302 7,420 3,095,748
3502.11.01 87,458 66,997 114,441 116,648 100,324 36,242 54,327 63,572 63,708 39,841 282,065 94,870
3502.20.01 2,739,878 2,067,265 1,662,768 1,613,318 1,877,242 1,826,680 1,679,485 1,823,189 2,091,191 2,808,850 1,838,167 2,672,200
3502.90.99 75,569 42,656 21,387 41,695 20,820 59,857 78,028 1,832 38,580 83 46 1,174
25
Valor anual de importaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(dólares)
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
0401.10.01 339,313 372,873 531,043 482,758 367,782 326,206 351,364 281,733 252,042 335,797 226,298 -
0401.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 204,601
0401.20.01 14,173,426 15,370,450 17,238,208 22,926,944 24,025,236 19,952,560 19,495,705 17,311,175 20,233,917 22,489,778 17,178,637 -
0401.40.01 - - 200,417 366,287 244,027 258,181 185,071 89,704 85,546 80,377 34,237 -
0401.40.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 307,752
0401.40.99 - - 116,414 222,243 208,399 306,574 289,175 304,477 534,582 565,073 385,759 -
0401.50.01 - - 1,666,940 951,353 911,379 4,332,706 819,840 1,310,986 316,290 430,989 241,021 2,354
0401.50.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 664,178
0401.50.99 - - 5,627,552 3,006,291 698,511 2,222,084 20,689,637 22,134,446 5,495,944 446,616 1,567,001 -
0402.10.01 436,252,214 680,242,548 731,617,143 768,998,411 828,318,332 613,745,933 579,377,359 703,727,840 697,228,794 870,211,227 780,426,564 908,792,020
0402.21.01 49,557,019 124,291,153 33,001,880 44,614,502 33,126,407 22,084,202 28,724,972 13,662,177 24,282,332 10,489,844 10,481,383 19,541,705
0402.21.99 172,013 595,420 432,271 699,832 817,550 882,335 1,210,464 440,143 59,030 - 355 -
0402.29.99 16,404 2,660 583 - 15,595 20,443 83,351 270,582 51,187 11,513 - 92,339
0402.91.99 4,957,848 9,374,880 4,554,758 9,131,558 9,302,753 2,281,779 362,190 19,133 181,659 1,471 846 2,947
0402.99.01 21,861,018 23,920,647 28,258,000 22,456,954 22,012,911 6,843,579 5,054,439 4,433,543 3,621,227 3,307,705 3,250,983 4,495,052
0402.99.99 1,439,866 2,009,065 2,661,024 3,627,795 2,838,273 3,292,667 2,522,158 2,987,707 2,105,450 1,901,184 1,649,797 1,700,217
0403.10.01 1,518,179 2,161,688 2,200,439 2,974,586 5,637,284 5,308,391 8,468,521 13,913,603 10,595,438 14,183,199 9,937,507 12,116,729
0403.90.99 40,162,478 52,565,912 28,916,197 36,597,727 23,795,685 21,697,421 27,917,302 31,519,994 27,683,487 20,821,845 22,818,232 21,878,391
0404.10.01 36,669,020 40,683,693 43,247,869 52,371,672 48,134,744 30,119,140 21,214,768 40,091,743 39,869,384 45,321,720 23,337,603 35,007,988
0404.10.99 43,213,885 50,224,540 48,688,964 45,695,193 59,403,683 32,427,640 23,532,672 28,574,272 26,074,461 33,439,248 29,180,067 42,329,841
0404.90.99 57,219,097 65,703,009 63,010,303 62,014,037 68,427,339 38,151,124 36,471,542 39,885,351 50,624,366 55,429,665 46,197,122 63,937,988
0405.10.01 8,104,643 10,141,905 3,282,411 3,762,491 4,002,517 4,787,489 4,534,551 5,226,280 5,201,529 6,756,416 6,474,360 28,213
0405.10.99 7,234,588 9,053,102 5,996,731 8,115,927 8,598,795 8,818,559 8,283,400 11,054,154 12,418,266 17,029,516 12,531,705 63,720
0405.20.01 556,480 555,419 361,482 22,093 184,149 144,595 197,555 57,233 55,329 65,904 35,848 25,146
0405.90.01 154,308,919 144,266,968 107,577,957 147,790,221 135,962,541 119,283,761 185,418,388 199,716,718 154,075,155 250,882,999 156,560,393 75,802,904
0405.90.99 1,321,643 - 6,704 858 6,619 25,767 122,747 242,104 2,853,617 394,262 189,846 198,622
0406.10.01 39,332,647 20,000,414 30,564,194 51,297,300 51,292,900 51,220,431 39,816,934 34,095,763 32,899,538 28,724,384 25,765,579 25,423,054
0406.20.01 58,866,919 88,653,535 97,805,571 117,548,844 145,931,847 148,777,783 159,956,452 173,185,034 189,905,598 216,649,370 230,614,798 217,586,004
0406.30.01 95,064 83,411 126,302 234,566 311,679 192,200 174,409 240,945 36,027 222,226 82,109 -
0406.30.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 4,963,211
0406.30.99 3,420,386 3,148,167 3,924,847 3,680,698 5,356,507 4,825,957 3,900,966 4,004,908 3,950,754 4,151,381 3,805,406 -
0406.40.01 3,568,110 3,915,029 4,121,452 3,951,773 4,485,038 4,001,385 3,991,450 4,167,618 3,862,301 3,626,955 2,839,585 3,442,376
0406.90.01 14,077 1,698 18,634 3,200 8,428 13,431 4,125 8,933 10,167 11,587 10,954 7,853
0406.90.02 4,733,061 7,388,219 6,224,012 7,031,345 6,331,046 4,769,091 8,357,480 9,393,726 6,609,059 10,721,101 5,947,812 9,865,147
0406.90.03 121,767 165,840 268,835 269,887 235,510 214,064 243,720 236,288 136,302 125,672 132,655 -
0406.90.04 113,926,009 122,578,448 106,410,516 109,721,939 108,348,767 109,955,422 112,735,327 148,371,376 140,789,748 121,748,625 113,466,416 115,890,332
0406.90.05 - - - - - - - 490 - - - -
0406.90.99 98,128,005 86,420,463 158,651,729 186,409,010 195,917,660 178,397,159 166,618,539 144,385,530 123,371,203 121,546,771 129,343,500 172,453,139
Continúa …
26
Valor anual de importaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(dólares)
Continuación …
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
1702.11.01 32,139,229 43,491,234 58,666,497 56,549,491 47,350,473 35,050,140 34,361,078 45,489,206 42,340,179 52,870,010 44,926,684 44,604,664
1702.19.01 3,171,595 3,742,498 53,624 1,173,532 2,712,072 381,694 82,759 230,264 401,484 1,997,984 212,789 12,903
1702.19.99 1,614 49,267 30,222 119,891 2,762 8,616 9,065 8,291 22,544 7,437 13,406 3,302
1901.10.01 46,770,835 47,601,448 61,973,831 65,861,991 62,421,091 81,305,745 71,611,270 69,236,389 78,581,348 68,468,341 75,183,215 1,920,137
1901.10.99 8,352,530 11,408,399 11,539,709 18,151,593 15,295,200 16,699,717 16,008,315 9,832,506 10,235,374 14,270,557 3,794,212 -
1901.90.03 9,901,864 10,085,565 11,097,071 12,621,471 14,567,338 13,254,425 12,782,967 12,729,452 14,550,156 20,025,489 26,119,214 17,945,154
1901.90.04 13,274,087 12,776,359 9,811,336 16,829,723 20,202,090 19,532,702 20,934,134 22,391,243 22,373,643 20,783,587 20,962,785 18,382,556
1901.90.05 42,265,347 80,240,814 53,316,129 50,562,675 95,604,042 33,419,254 30,985,204 5,754,116 12,748,691 13,021,821 20,493,498 28,802,503
1901.90.99 10,298,323 13,906,651 14,521,909 14,318,808 11,428,994 10,912,335 15,677,972 15,897,717 14,909,779 15,256,769 12,326,613 16,281,789
2105.00.01 40,568,928 46,418,173 50,203,706 57,937,753 58,134,865 55,030,597 51,875,922 46,211,872 54,104,844 61,239,994 61,127,719 60,958,361
2106.90.08 20,233,536 24,938,307 30,349,362 42,155,426 45,333,340 48,945,714 41,708,580 46,146,502 50,076,089 46,786,230 41,222,125 45,581,829
2106.90.12 - - - - - - - - - - - -
2202.90.04 8,343,484 12,921,320 11,170,131 9,457,520 9,223,269 9,469,809 10,072,055 8,511,439 9,308,323 8,867,404 2,414,611 -
2202.99.04 - - - - - - - - - - - 1,097,543
2309.90.10 1,059,223 1,641,483 1,408,584 1,099,804 2,081,257 1,695,104 1,721,459 1,610,061 4,149,809 6,302,757 6,971,617 59,026
2309.90.11 12,844,998 13,556,896 12,925,713 10,487,040 8,637,948 4,106,255 2,636,437 4,475,672 4,001,540 3,392,827 3,837,363 -
3501.10.01 70,721,843 91,151,474 100,085,454 114,441,256 154,788,155 103,711,099 88,827,780 103,452,597 103,138,151 120,830,838 139,458,847 167,348,799
3501.90.02 23,858,384 29,962,293 32,929,208 30,459,110 32,858,771 23,840,184 21,027,649 22,346,245 23,444,512 23,502,186 22,117,522 -
3501.90.03 - - - - - - - - - - 625 -
3502.11.01 731,454 645,919 1,216,504 1,449,369 2,363,884 971,555 1,032,102 932,801 775,239 821,745 2,535,863 1,293,100
3502.20.01 18,255,479 18,232,926 17,901,361 18,788,432 21,806,863 16,495,973 11,698,921 14,554,475 15,649,269 21,570,210 12,948,519 22,267,499
3502.90.99 629,660 357,894 304,615 551,567 317,729 652,680 631,460 72,823 329,747 86,325 83,022 106,078
Total 1,575,828,251 2,063,778,340 2,022,770,833 2,242,451,200 2,400,930,302 1,915,228,151 1,904,842,559 2,085,253,781 2,060,434,089 2,398,954,275 2,154,265,103 2,299,076,901
27
28
La leche descremada en polvo representa el 40% del valor total de las importaciones de
lácteos, junto con los quesos y la caseína dan cuenta de tres cuartas partes del total.
Yogurt y otras
leches fermentadas Leche fluida
1% 1%
Leche evaporada y
consensada
0%
Leche en polvo
40%
29
Tres cuartas partes de las importaciones de lácteos en cuanto al valor, provienen de los
EUA, país que provee a México en su mayoría de leche descremada en polvo y quesos.
Principales países proveedores de productos lácteos a México y composición del valor de las
importaciones de lácteos provenientes de los EUA, 2021
Irlanda
4%
Nueva Zelanda
7%
EUA
75%
30
Volumen anual de exportaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(litros y kilogramos)
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
0401.10.01 1,072,356 1,575,937 2,326,061 2,809,366 2,722,982 2,688,646 2,061,551 614,734 947,215 1,928,371 4,264,073 -
0401.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - 20,025 7,078,492
0401.10.99 154 3,050 338 48 - 30 - - 5,232 2,162 2,409 -
0401.20.01 4,641,962 5,719,585 7,420,288 3,657,377 3,881,398 3,695,574 3,878,659 1,827,904 2,319,506 6,866,917 10,738,044 -
0401.20.02 - - - - - - - - - - 98,100 8,288,194
0401.20.99 - - 5,532 7,830 4,131 26,502 74,502 31,963 35,521 8,100 10 -
0401.40.01 - - 125,309 530,915 750,767 642,990 673,941 687,853 484,529 418,707 77,572 -
0401.40.02 - - - - - - - - - - 1,450 188,897
0401.40.99 - - - 55,200 - - - - - - 10,268 -
0401.50.01 - - 1,127,807 2,682,966 2,900,796 3,264,501 5,039,700 2,762,275 3,214,299 10,031,312 294,375 -
0401.50.02 - - - - - - - - - - 840 389,084
0401.50.99 - - 270 3,274 31,667 19,045 3,084 47,870 71,178 33,483 97,000 -
0402.10.01 164,824 391,957 249,670 144,433 90,947 143,778 313,510 6,093,441 95,680,277 331,137 583,324 579,914
0402.10.99 8,512 6,350 400 2,621 241,899 285,350 2,253,347 22,781,050 8,920,343 9,507 4,759 21,213
0402.21.01 6,863,926 8,261,477 4,767,984 4,469,829 5,597,846 10,676,893 19,451,224 76,210,408 21,185,328 16,341,735 19,579,596 13,600,588
0402.21.99 59,301 93,010 122,573 136,000 156,000 351,219 361,002 199,174 507,000 252,939 391,240 168,500
0402.29.99 1,280 5,788 1,670 69 71 5,604 115,293 103,819 1,412,497 8,500 4,164 19,317
0402.91.01 141,481 157,913 386,842 438,693 1,104,783 1,149,332 867,457 1,255,796 3,085,617 8,039,416 11,241,425 14,567,488
0402.91.99 1,128,090 1,687,973 1,859,725 1,551,780 891,454 1,523,611 989,358 1,888,837 2,709,271 5,172,545 4,855,384 6,576,397
0402.99.01 17,058,952 17,095,498 19,411,670 15,191,293 13,927,238 7,207,890 2,940,631 4,078,024 7,809,264 6,669,093 11,144,948 7,197,743
0402.99.99 15,284,482 330,067 485,591 613,729 744,247 387,963 340,599 458,982 622,819 1,395,801 3,169,649 929,621
0403.10.01 4,628,432 5,727,963 5,728,646 22,867,001 7,508,154 9,347,106 12,615,939 13,855,709 12,341,971 13,991,273 12,029,394 10,410,049
0403.90.99 3,271,714 4,429,173 6,004,514 6,743,931 3,580,083 896,495 1,122,280 1,867,597 1,593,709 1,750,909 2,025,912 1,588,674
0404.10.01 76,453 52,710 110,196 887,288 1,855,877 435,848 2,088,014 1,357,851 1,860,624 1,488,691 3,407 45,758
0404.10.99 42,206 20,118 4,226 287,237 201,970 14,000 79,382 76,428 38,475 32,500 20,755 14,828
0404.90.99 96 712 260,881 43,961 24,838 102,157 75,360 30,708 33,519 8,910 - 116,400
0405.10.01 1,610 4,260 7,246 91,044 92,174 228,722 233,900 636,585 956,426 735,772 93,502 -
0405.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 216,687
0405.10.99 320 5,956 8,485 34,985 136,639 1,070,361 1,994,679 611,795 702,211 1,010,839 160,980 -
0405.20.01 3,060 6 - - - - 19,500 - - - - 20,032
0405.90.01 29,024 314,747 980,251 3,075,520 5,493,053 6,591,392 10,130,917 5,660,215 7,180,342 9,060,053 7,319,025 1,391,430
0405.90.99 5,134 - 12 1,306,828 437,479 21,290 75 116 16,319 22,056 2,043 15,705
0406.10.01 256,507 331,910 269,731 423,376 516,966 717,035 617,023 2,401,282 2,358,715 3,503,821 6,136,638 6,757,896
0406.20.01 6,103 94,715 24,776 105,251 68,961 123,056 160,724 178,962 196,306 170,135 344,190 178,421
0406.30.01 162,667 169,876 156,844 157,311 104,425 165,590 209,256 249,434 210,830 240,475 332,212 -
0406.30.02 - - - - - - - - - - 1,732 431,473
0406.30.99 784,832 122,751 104,846 80,036 161,009 103,716 112,953 101,771 515,497 207,618 282,214 -
0406.40.01 - - - - - - - - - - - 994
0406.90.01 - 9 - - 22,800 - 44,117 13,545 17,891 13,172 13,699 51,627
0406.90.02 - - - - 6 - - - - - - 10,000
0406.90.03 - - - - - - - - - 146 598 -
0406.90.04 12,362 315,699 22,724 3,031 255 81,085 34,474 40,820 15,217 363 3,042 7,779
0406.90.05 546,859 558,568 521,463 116,945 217,053 485,145 806,846 798,870 333,072 332,458 322,487 -
0406.90.06 - 59,952 - - - - - - - 28,573 - -
0406.90.99 4,333,006 2,427,047 2,866,556 4,500,229 3,070,513 2,435,909 2,769,330 2,881,755 12,616,725 2,757,662 3,412,819 3,971,827
31 Continúa …
Volumen anual de exportaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(litros y kilogramos)
Continuación …
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
1702.11.01 969 23,780 44,800 25,584 39,003 45,066 46,434 4,512 47,105 100,800 10,800 48,001
1702.19.01 13,074 4,734 9,719 30,602 21,817 323 80,143 26,235 27,932 2,017 3,677 23,556
1901.10.01 38,811,959 44,289,040 59,302,023 53,033,487 42,938,622 37,678,192 36,282,780 36,585,939 60,665,890 117,783,437 85,818,570 -
1901.10.99 12,102 158,207 225,170 884,876 1,807,346 7,024,984 6,362,251 6,027,237 7,001,008 7,206,838 11,197,076 -
1901.90.03 4,855,761 10,192,399 13,716,591 15,731,979 7,598,844 547,838 1,097,518 2,992,609 2,831,137 11,195,567 11,084,710 1,078,765
1901.90.04 2,876,067 2,038,461 3,851,489 1,493,427 583,480 3,679,212 2,615,697 2,708,178 20,561,758 9,492,651 10,705,250 9,409,636
1901.90.05 701,234 3,178,694 251,475 291,186 470,644 354,040 576,445 1,513,237 6,269,846 2,125,921 2,116,084 4,255,049
1901.90.99 9,001,212 13,138,115 6,563,138 7,892,617 9,443,256 11,829,451 11,999,466 4,335,932 4,664,054 4,516,727 5,865,904 5,967,032
2105.00.01 1,757,837 1,054,142 1,387,273 1,531,574 3,334,094 3,520,526 965,186 726,214 474,535 330,365 523,217 1,619,397
2106.90.08 1,814,962 1,791,075 864,636 1,125,585 1,563,701 2,137,467 2,195,012 2,511,343 2,078,837 1,898,523 1,306,229 763,315
2106.90.12 - - - - - - - - - - - 11
2202.90.04 209,039 544,209 857,305 1,192,406 1,135,508 1,300,647 1,359,471 1,690,390 1,703,172 1,604,284 1,793,292 -
2309.90.11 39,000 175,500 81,250 170,000 19,500 104,500 314,820 481,612 15,000 - - -
3501.10.01 325,600 300,542 176,174 412,794 132,455 22,023 1,679 4,046 7,442 12,660 1,225 19,600
3501.90.03 - 4 - - - - - - - - - -
3502.11.01 1,580,560 1,025,400 1,434,749 418,802 82,402 10,502 424,800 537,084 349,780 393,200 49,800 9,000
3502.20.01 7,900 160,700 - 1,004 160 1,160 10,980 34,400 9,540 21,300 3,590 18,143
32
Valor anual de exportaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(dólares)
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
0401.10.01 802,015 1,235,339 1,481,057 1,800,838 2,335,793 1,458,042 1,048,589 302,130 432,251 865,601 4,043,462 -
0401.20.01 5,228,937 8,809,800 6,739,742 2,906,569 2,810,641 2,391,723 2,785,251 2,057,985 1,956,518 3,408,441 6,579,708 -
0401.20.02 - - - - - - - - - - 53,910 6,087,842
0401.20.99 - - 19,844 31,101 7,078 72,385 79,513 52,071 129,796 11,994 158 -
0401.40.01 - - 239,614 790,502 999,033 817,708 817,347 998,743 1,049,546 827,642 66,033 -
0401.50.99 - - 667 22,745 104,632 61,632 2,767 167,500 165,803 84,812 186,788 -
0402.10.01 545,710 1,466,592 1,444,750 1,666,395 727,297 1,095,834 1,145,905 16,569,538 98,860,224 1,110,339 1,275,167 903,368
0402.10.99 28,945 20,626 1,472 11,618 370,476 541,908 4,979,342 39,752,760 24,528,315 37,077 20,477 17,166
0402.21.01 27,333,642 34,418,475 21,854,721 25,041,674 31,312,589 42,031,693 57,253,417 90,058,674 64,763,119 55,010,459 68,309,019 52,229,845
0402.21.99 274,028 433,972 581,894 664,482 785,264 1,646,297 1,716,852 950,266 2,645,402 1,428,056 2,007,282 862,672
0402.29.99 3,628 1,620 600 263 39 10,472 1,046,222 1,291,502 5,326,878 59,174 19,594 33,505
0402.91.01 392,614 259,265 630,076 598,601 1,594,132 1,296,753 1,067,830 1,484,661 4,216,224 12,631,241 16,841,127 22,160,982
0402.91.99 1,170,193 1,642,551 1,897,061 1,895,292 958,916 891,751 605,806 1,403,060 1,520,833 7,606,496 8,167,304 10,265,747
0402.99.01 31,162,869 32,883,870 37,924,352 36,095,105 28,892,753 11,833,854 4,805,117 7,735,483 17,265,787 13,928,353 24,477,782 17,235,030
0402.99.99 373,578 380,939 654,682 694,269 788,616 313,643 484,207 384,944 611,784 958,821 2,974,241 685,145
0403.10.01 4,162,113 5,705,882 5,201,796 6,258,636 7,886,925 9,122,768 11,017,369 11,787,060 11,222,155 12,845,619 11,049,981 10,438,747
0403.90.99 5,682,851 7,667,496 10,273,306 11,957,080 7,743,388 4,071,980 5,200,153 6,295,599 5,156,194 6,003,558 6,293,567 4,944,224
0404.10.01 134,647 107,324 224,578 2,122,197 5,038,374 1,101,484 3,033,461 1,974,326 2,648,633 2,316,685 29,207 106,430
0404.10.99 72,632 35,545 22,244 750,453 568,359 89,541 99,744 114,916 90,908 93,952 56,968 56,221
0404.90.99 290 3,645 1,564,366 61,835 40,725 275,204 1,209,144 577,095 92,928 20,274 - 617,739
0405.10.01 8,857 20,783 21,244 486,444 638,228 904,998 1,034,545 2,032,953 5,538,538 3,183,185 316,028 -
0405.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - - 1,033,639
0405.10.99 490 12,814 21,089 215,144 733,037 3,560,199 7,490,776 2,672,435 3,079,879 4,665,779 688,819 -
0405.20.01 10,738 2 - - - - 50,018 - - - - 140,092
0405.90.01 121,429 1,712,917 3,622,758 13,028,864 24,476,002 26,781,461 41,283,244 31,487,553 44,156,549 53,645,197 35,690,015 7,113,287
0405.90.99 31,389 - 27 5,923,152 1,860,261 91,542 477 500 121,366 103,150 23,466 126,246
0406.10.01 959,451 1,350,142 1,109,654 3,393,894 3,082,583 4,006,162 3,056,606 7,729,989 8,069,941 11,216,564 18,938,597 22,410,283
0406.20.01 20,872 332,837 115,378 462,624 308,952 542,438 615,649 697,760 825,384 636,262 1,280,519 759,738
0406.30.01 538,492 590,701 491,881 484,812 305,863 406,730 487,480 552,435 509,083 614,825 881,412 -
0406.30.99 1,825,725 285,473 313,188 285,068 553,829 419,794 471,869 287,648 1,495,375 692,506 794,127 -
0406.40.01 - - - - - - - - - - - 429
0406.90.01 - 10 - - 1,034,543 - 240,296 67,671 107,352 78,844 70,042 300,340
0406.90.02 - - - - 1 - - - - - - 75,000
0406.90.04 61,909 1,470,823 111,873 21,649 1,741 283,121 108,608 138,752 53,146 2,464 15,109 36,407
0406.90.05 1,072,230 937,700 1,214,947 354,751 475,356 1,048,456 1,319,669 1,269,137 580,209 634,519 629,093 -
0406.90.06 - 89,928 - - - - - - - 111,438 - -
0406.90.99 12,962,700 12,861,476 12,161,195 16,671,501 15,669,910 11,533,511 11,276,410 12,053,413 14,073,883 13,145,232 15,916,495 17,921,237
33 Continúa …
Valor anual de exportaciones del sector lácteo 2010-2021
(dólares)
Continuación …
Fracción
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arancelaria
1702.11.01 5,001 64,001 81,905 133,307 212,363 233,271 93,478 15,897 70,024 79,939 23,480 65,666
1702.19.01 37,026 22,459 50,381 121,841 81,251 1,412 81,858 65,824 60,781 10,742 18,036 61,637
1702.19.99 50,247 15,363 6,371 7,524 505 8,858 255 501 144,612 330 1,492 18,260
1901.10.01 218,608,395 261,646,055 281,575,270 341,673,534 288,489,289 221,841,931 178,239,427 181,861,122 222,525,912 329,988,636 287,729,790 -
1901.10.02 - - - - - - - - - - 2,319,921 321,103,123
1901.10.99 136,174 2,017,812 2,913,519 12,148,009 22,343,696 71,105,684 65,622,602 55,168,363 63,354,407 61,033,868 56,172,448 -
1901.90.03 2,473,914 5,471,396 6,500,160 7,919,474 3,523,143 775,080 2,478,200 7,319,358 6,978,134 6,103,704 5,535,107 2,704,281
1901.90.04 10,210,899 8,420,793 15,658,285 5,933,620 2,656,939 11,445,760 6,933,659 7,316,028 47,832,564 23,692,588 23,175,969 22,977,210
1901.90.05 2,918,520 10,493,220 1,143,103 1,164,842 1,818,080 1,117,126 1,461,487 4,074,381 3,446,931 2,074,946 4,421,177 3,772,595
1901.90.99 11,783,154 11,659,756 10,260,354 11,968,177 15,907,758 14,848,563 13,697,582 8,559,802 14,032,708 9,586,702 10,253,806 11,897,996
2105.00.01 4,368,323 2,577,354 3,330,331 4,226,842 10,405,439 6,545,326 2,449,062 2,033,025 1,490,297 1,089,887 1,854,330 6,437,458
2106.90.08 7,609,384 8,213,336 4,118,431 5,798,085 8,330,333 12,871,685 13,204,934 15,301,252 13,701,679 11,765,582 7,034,118 2,912,942
2106.90.12 - - - - - - - - - - - 20
2202.90.04 364,003 1,586,485 1,265,628 2,342,638 2,081,534 1,866,834 1,447,261 1,645,266 2,454,164 1,935,785 1,666,308 -
2202.99.04 - - - - - - - - - - 3,885 2,190,965
2309.90.10 - - 130,511 17,552 - - - - - 48 3,760 -
2309.90.11 60,450 284,893 77,296 282,959 44,850 122,730 297,899 450,730 12,300 - - -
3501.10.01 6,378,387 6,032,197 3,363,974 5,979,379 2,129,576 217,958 3,270 16,565 33,006 64,517 3,009 34,814
3501.90.01 115,888 70,590 76,679 - - - - - 2,379 1,142 - -
3501.90.02 - - - 25,200 374,670 246,839 249,097 82,020 126,011 58,227 4,114 -
3501.90.03 - 75 - - - - - - - - - -
3501.90.99 - 5,100 776,387 - - 25,433 2,190 - - - - -
3502.11.01 11,643,192 7,740,944 12,884,990 4,762,427 1,095,037 181,834 3,378,854 3,095,000 2,304,170 2,165,696 287,610 81,090
3502.20.01 87,085 1,379,884 - 14,573 2,640 11,980 90,210 67,560 39,034 217,751 47,406 13,064
3502.90.99 2,461 - - 852,498 - - - 4,800 3 - - 184,591
Total 371,836,281 442,442,159 456,316,480 546,454,022 507,462,604 478,348,364 460,254,319 534,411,257 705,937,660 658,394,860 628,669,343 559,659,700
34
Las preparaciones alimenticias (fórmulas infantiles) representan la gran mayoría del valor
total de las exportaciones de lácteos, estando ampliamente diversificadas en cuanto a
destinos en América Latina.
Productos lácteos exportados por México y destinos de las fórmulas infantiles, 2021
4% Leche evaporada
Guatemala
6% Queso fresco 7% Perú
7%
10% Los demás quesos 7% El Salvador
65%
8%
Leche condensada República Dominicana
10%
Resto de productos EUA
lácteos 16%
En 2021, México exportó 53 mdd de Leche Entera en Polvo y 32 mdd de Leche Evaporada
a los siguientes países:
Leche Entera en Polvo: Leche Evaporada:
El Salvador Australia
15% 8%
EUA
50% Chile
9% EUA
65%
Cuba
19%
36
Precio medio rural de leche de bovino por entidad federativa 2010-2020
(Pesos por litro)
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Aguascalientes 5.45 5.47 5.48 5.63 5.75 5.72 5.91 6.18 6.18 6.35 6.20
Baja California 5.30 4.91 5.09 5.14 5.21 5.55 5.80 5.78 5.86 6.04 6.37
Baja California Sur 8.03 6.93 7.08 7.21 7.21 6.49 6.42 6.46 6.09 6.95 7.29
Campeche 6.41 6.86 6.85 5.05 5.23 5.71 5.60 5.32 5.39 6.57 6.33
Coahuila 4.84 4.94 5.20 5.73 5.43 5.01 5.06 6.26 7.06 6.88 7.08
Colima 7.41 8.45 6.75 7.11 7.42 6.12 6.08 7.65 9.59 8.73 8.73
Chiapas 3.91 4.25 4.44 4.80 5.76 6.33 6.25 5.15 5.91 5.58 5.74
Chihuahua 4.65 4.85 5.35 5.80 5.81 7.61 7.78 6.17 6.50 7.45 7.63
Distrito Federal 8.82 8.92 9.23 9.11 8.86 9.23 9.94 8.00 8.25 8.46 9.19
Durango 4.87 5.03 5.49 6.08 7.41 6.31 6.34 6.45 6.49 6.63 7.15
Guanajuato 4.19 4.66 5.09 5.26 5.98 5.66 5.80 6.99 6.26 6.94 7.35
Guerrero 6.62 6.84 6.87 7.02 7.31 7.40 7.74 7.26 7.87 8.16 8.41
Hidalgo 4.59 4.67 5.08 5.38 6.36 5.65 5.71 6.44 6.03 6.55 6.59
Jalisco 4.25 4.62 4.66 5.05 5.83 5.17 5.11 5.57 5.34 6.09 6.02
Mexico 5.90 5.84 5.54 5.61 6.42 5.78 5.94 6.10 6.24 6.21 6.75
Michoacan 5.00 4.91 5.32 5.29 6.03 5.77 5.89 6.18 6.59 7.63 7.81
Morelos 4.86 4.84 5.07 7.65 5.84 5.88 6.10 6.44 8.05 8.31 8.49
Nayarit 4.30 5.06 5.70 6.57 6.83 6.61 6.69 7.11 7.07 7.37 7.54
Nuevo Leon 4.36 4.40 5.13 5.56 5.50 5.79 6.45 5.67 6.03 6.78 6.95
Oaxaca 5.82 5.87 5.62 5.74 6.18 6.07 6.06 6.17 7.69 6.55 6.51
Puebla 5.36 5.26 5.47 5.66 6.39 5.80 5.77 5.70 5.68 5.81 6.16
Queretaro 4.54 4.83 5.59 6.34 6.64 6.74 6.57 6.15 6.44 6.34 6.46
Quintana Roo 4.37 4.88 4.92 5.11 6.34 5.79 5.71 6.01 5.51 6.06 6.22
San Luis Potosi 4.99 5.01 5.21 5.52 5.78 5.83 6.00 5.80 6.07 6.54 6.63
Sinaloa 4.78 4.90 5.29 5.50 5.72 5.81 5.79 6.04 6.15 6.67 6.75
Sonora 5.22 5.50 5.61 5.78 5.79 6.24 6.30 6.32 6.58 6.76 6.97
Tabasco 3.55 3.91 4.24 5.16 5.14 5.19 5.24 5.34 5.54 6.09 5.99
Tamaulipas 5.71 5.62 6.47 6.87 7.04 6.49 6.42 6.35 6.87 6.81 7.06
Tlaxcala 3.67 4.20 5.01 5.40 5.29 5.74 6.06 5.79 5.71 5.88 6.06
Veracruz 4.85 4.98 5.21 5.31 5.91 5.78 6.97 5.98 9.49 6.51 6.56
Yucatan 4.84 5.36 6.00 5.67 6.30 5.87 6.45 6.08 7.09 7.35 7.47
Zacatecas 4.72 4.75 5.08 5.31 5.94 5.74 5.82 5.96 6.11 7.20 7.32
Precio Prom. Ponderado 4.76 4.94 5.19 5.53 5.84 5.83 5.86 6.07 6.16 6.58 6.75
Fuente: Agricultura-SIAP
37
Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor de productos lácteos 2011-2021
(Índice base segunda quincena de diciembre 2018 = 100, datos a diciembre de cada año)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
INPC General 77.79 80.57 83.77 87.19 89.05 92.04 98.27 103.02 105.93 109.27 117.31
INPC Alimentos 72.08 77.27 80.44 85.70 87.69 91.47 98.71 104.03 107.01 113.26 125.83
Leche pasteurizada y fresca 74.27 80.21 83.21 85.68 87.44 90.90 97.44 102.11 106.63 113.18 122.24
Leche en polvo 76.58 80.21 82.25 86.36 88.28 94.20 98.87 103.39 106.92 112.22 118.15
Leche evap., cond. y maternizada 77.79 80.57 83.77 87.19 89.05 92.04 98.27 103.02 104.27 116.72 122.14
Yogurt 74.10 78.27 83.09 86.35 88.76 93.41 99.42 101.78 107.87 116.10 125.01
Queso fresco 75.75 81.39 83.72 86.11 87.65 90.97 97.45 102.36 107.46 115.25 123.94
Otros quesos 71.94 74.83 76.98 81.67 81.77 87.36 94.94 101.85 107.41 115.30 121.36
Queso Oaxaca o asadero 76.06 79.53 83.26 84.46 85.39 89.62 97.12 102.23 106.23 113.08 122.74
Crema de leche 69.79 75.09 76.36 83.04 81.90 88.25 97.26 103.52 106.99 115.85 125.41
Queso manchego o Chihuahua 73.82 77.86 79.22 81.73 82.00 87.03 94.22 102.59 107.18 115.11 123.92
Helados 70.01 76.60 78.54 81.12 81.15 90.44 98.16 100.97 107.58 112.77 122.44
Mantequilla 68.05 71.14 75.69 77.83 76.48 85.55 95.06 103.29 108.55 115.70 121.15
Queso amarillo 79.75 84.84 84.78 85.08 86.24 90.31 100.27 102.96 106.14 115.35 123.20
Fuente: INEGI
Fuente: USDA-WASDE
38
Precios internacionales de productos lácteos 2020
(Dólares por tonelada)
Ene Feb Mar Abr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic Prom
Mantequilla (82% grasa butírica)
Oceanía 4,096 4,169 4,273 4,210 3,824 3,641 3,639 3,440 3,414 3,672 3,861 4,264 3,875
Europa occidental 4,045 3,938 3,626 2,602 2,579 3,056 3,857 4,063 4,092 4,064 4,044 4,069 3,670
Lactosa
EEUU (centro y este) 696 713 806 910 964 806 806 910 964 1,018 1,140 1,132 1,115
Caseína (renina)
EEUU 9,092 9,889 9,951 9,708 8,947 8,531 8,033 7,807 7,741 7,719 7,674 7,672 8,564
Caseína (ácida)
EEUU 8,079 8,232 8,384 8,814 8,553 8,513 8,488 8,488 8,295 8,156 8,044 7,887 8,328
40
Precios internacionales de productos lácteos 2021
(Dólares por tonelada)
Ene Feb Mar Abr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic Prom
Mantequilla (82% grasa butírica)
Oceanía 4,720 5,138 5,679 5,753 5,088 4,673 4,507 4,682 4,855 4,982 5,639 5,829 5,129
Europa occidental 4,130 4,381 4,796 4,875 5,039 5,073 4,677 4,692 4,876 5,527 6,080 6,332 5,040
Lactosa
EEUU (centro y este) 901 914 950 991 992 996 1,011 1,000 973 936 910 893 955
Caseína (renina)
EEUU 7,752 8,044 8,143 8,207 8,369 10,009 10,614 10,657 10,559 10,582 10,642 10,734 9,526
Caseína (ácida)
EEUU 8,036 8,495 9,238 9,345 9,557 10,202 10,365 10,532 10,797 11,009 11,654 11,803 10,086
41
Costos de producción de leche en los Estados Unidos 2011-2021
(Centavos de dólar por libra de leche producida)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Valor bruto de producción
Leche 19.67 18.64 19.88 23.76 17.02 16.17 18.32 16.79 19.26 18.87 19.34
Ganado 1.38 1.57 1.60 2.10 2.00 1.44 1.37 1.24 1.23 1.27 1.39
Otros ingresos 0.96 0.98 0.90 0.91 0.84 0.69 0.50 0.50 0.53 0.51 0.60
Total, valor bruto de producción 22.01 21.19 22.38 26.77 19.86 18.30 20.19 18.53 21.02 20.65 21.33
Costos de operación:
Alimentación--
Alimento comprado 8.08 8.36 10.39 10.82 10.20 9.80 5.73 6.76 7.20 6.93 10.50
Alimento cosechado en finca 4.82 5.72 6.33 5.85 4.95 4.34 4.65 3.08 3.33 3.11 3.47
Alimento de pastoreo 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07
Total, costo alimentación 12.99 14.17 16.82 16.76 15.26 14.24 10.50 9.92 10.60 10.11 14.04
Otros--
Veterinario y medicinas 0.77 0.79 0.80 0.84 0.88 0.90 0.83 0.76 0.78 0.78 0.80
Echaderos y parideros 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.24 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.21
Comercialización 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.19
Servicios personalizados 0.54 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.61 0.62 0.58 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.69
Combustibles, lubricantes y electricidad 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.53 0.47 0.51 0.67 0.69 0.58 0.59
Reparaciones 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.62 0.63 0.56 0.64 0.66 0.67 0.74
Otros costos de operación 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Intereses sobre capital de operación 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.14 0.14 0.03 0.01
Total, costo operatativo 16.15 17.38 20.08 20.12 18.44 17.43 13.49 13.17 13.93 13.22 17.27
Gastos fijos:
Mano de obra contratada 1.49 1.54 1.58 1.61 1.69 1.75 1.64 1.99 2.10 2.20 2.31
Costo de oportunidad de m. de o. familiar 2.11 2.16 2.22 2.25 2.28 2.31 2.46 1.82 1.88 1.92 1.99
Reposición de maquinaria y equipo 3.34 3.50 3.57 3.68 3.73 3.75 3.80 4.00 4.10 4.13 4.62
Costo de oportunidad de la tierra (renta) 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02
Impuestos y seguros 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19
Gastos fijos generales 0.59 0.61 0.61 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.62
Total, gastos fijos aplicables 7.73 8.01 8.19 8.38 8.56 8.67 8.79 8.57 8.85 9.03 9.75
Total de costos 23.88 25.39 28.27 28.50 27.00 26.10 22.27 21.74 22.78 22.25 27.02
Valor de producción menos costos totales -1.87 -4.20 -5.89 -1.73 -7.14 -7.80 -0.05 -3.21 -1.76 -1.60 -5.69
Vaor de producción menos costos operativos 5.86 3.81 2.30 6.65 1.42 0.87 7.90 5.36 7.09 7.43 4.06
Información de soporte:
Vacas lecheras (cabezas por establo) 182 183 183 183 183 183 245 245 245 245 245
Producción por vaca (libras) 20,711 20,724 20,724 20,724 20,724 20,724 21,698 21,698 21,698 21,698 21,698
42
Coeficiente de Protección Nominal al Productor (CPNP) de leche por países,
2011-2020
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Países de la OCDE
Australia 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Canadá 1.74 1.93 1.68 1.54 1.94 1.81 1.63 1.53 1.41 1.60
Chile 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Colombia 1.32 1.50 1.28 1.32 1.25 1.23 1.30 1.60 1.23 1.21
Costa Rica 1.50 1.09 1.06 1.00 1.17 1.02 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Islandia 1.91 2.11 1.69 2.31 3.16 3.06 2.55 2.50 2.50 2.57
Israel 1.26 1.45 1.19 1.42 1.99 1.68 1.39 1.44 1.42 1.61
Japón 2.15 2.74 1.82 2.01 2.42 2.79 2.15 2.29 2.11 1.89
Corea 1.76 2.10 2.03 2.06 2.42 2.57 2.20 2.19 1.98 1.86
México 1.00 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.16 1.04 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.01
Nueva Zelanda 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Noruega 1.58 1.94 1.47 1.73 2.24 1.97 2.11 2.34 1.73 1.61
Suiza 1.27 1.40 1.16 1.49 1.78 1.71 1.34 1.48 1.29 1.43
Turquía 1.27 1.16 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.02 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Reino Unido .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.04
Estados Unidos 1.07 1.16 1.06 1.16 1.22 1.25 1.25 1.29 1.21 1.05
Unión Europea (28 países) 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.03 1.01 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.04
Total OCDE 1.10 1.14 1.07 1.10 1.16 1.16 1.13 1.14 1.11 1.09
Países fuera de la OCDE
Argentina 0.78 0.84 0.77 0.72 0.83 1.01 1.00 0.64 0.76 0.73
Brasil 1.07 1.10 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.08 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
China (República Popular de) 1.15 1.38 1.36 1.33 1.82 1.94 1.56 1.54 1.46 1.52
India 0.63 0.70 0.50 0.78 1.04 0.89 0.76 0.76 0.72 0.77
Indonesia 0.84 0.95 0.73 0.80 1.25 1.17 1.53 0.93 1.11 1.19
Kasajastán 1.01 1.04 1.01 1.01 1.22 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.02
Rusia 1.25 1.19 1.32 1.04 1.28 1.38 1.27 1.44 1.06 1.08
Sudáfrica 1.00 1.11 1.00 1.00 1.18 1.04 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ucrania 0.82 0.89 0.84 0.77 0.89 0.93 0.88 0.99 0.98 0.97
Nota: El Coeficiente Nominal de Protección al Productor es la relación entre el precio recibido por los productores internos y
el precio equivalente al internacional, medidos ambos a nivel de finca.
43
Indicadores básicos de los programas de Liconsa 2011-2022
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022*
Abasto Social de Leche
Recursos fiscales (millones $) 1/ 1,180.0 1,050.0 1,086.8 1,128.1 1,166.4 1,202.5 1,203.5 1,260.1 1,240.8 1,240.8 1,240.8 1,287.3
Familias beneficiadas (miles) 3,056.4 3,064.8 3,370.0 3,301.0 3,338.4 3,366.5 3,350.3 3,340.7 3,244.3 3,291.9 3,022.3 2,921.5
Personas beneficiadas (miles) 5,922.5 5,950.3 6,490.2 6,430.9 6,432.8 6,403.6 6,376.9 6,370.3 6,212.6 6,345.3 5,563.3 5,414.9
Municipios atendidos 1,892 1,875 1,950 1,961 1,960 1,984 2,083 2,083 2,114 2,128 2,072 2,080
Localidades atendidas 5,497 5,153 6,184 6,495 6,444 6,485 6,678 6,678 6,650 6,822 6,040 6,222
Puntos de atención 9,938 9,457 10,898 11,385 11,164 11,266 11,377 11,377 11,364 11,578 10,391 10,747
Leche distribuida (millones l) 1,001.8 977.5 961.2 993.8 980.1 946.7 965.8 926.1 455.4 909.7 664.6 170.3
Precio de abasto comunitario ($/l) 2/ 4.00 4.50 4.50 4.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50
Precio en Chis., Gro. y Oax. ($/l) 2/ 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50
Precio mpios. alta marginación ($/l) 3/ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.50 2.50 2.50
Compra de Leche Nacional
Recursos fiscales (millones $) 1/ 1,738.6 1,688.5 1,687.1 2,783.2 2,286.0 1,702.4 1,641.7 1,950.1 1,768.9 1,768.9 1,768.9 3,269.1
Leche captada (millones l) 4/ 707 713 698 778 865 688 499 398 579 759 522 750
Productores beneficiados 10,542 10,542 11,008 11,121 11,124 11,124 8,086 8,086 6,533 8,585 3,620 4,084
Precio máximo de compra ($/l) 5/ 5.00 5.60 6.20 6.20 6.20 6.20 6.20 7.20 8.20 8.20 8.20 10.00
44
Esquema de precios y estímulos pagados por Liconsa, 2022 (Pesos por litro)
Aplica para pequeños y medianos
productores (menores de 100 cabezas)
Leche fría Leche caliente
Precio base 7.90 7.75
Estos datos son con fines inforativos, los precios oficiales son los que de manera formal
se comunican a los productores a traves de las agencias estatales y los centros de acopio
de Liconsa.
Fuente: Liconsa.
45
Gasto promedio mensual en leche y derivados por deciles de ingresos 2020
(Pesos por hogar)
Total I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X
Leche 280.9 183.7 211.4 221.2 243.6 247.6 256.7 297.6 304.2 345.8 437.9
Derivados lácteos 254.0 167.2 190.0 199.6 215.2 223.4 241.9 252.4 273.5 310.0 412.7
Total leche y derivados 534.9 350.9 401.4 420.9 458.8 471.0 498.6 550.0 577.6 655.8 850.6
Fuente: INEGI. Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares 2020, tabulados 2022
En 2020 el 38% del gasto de los hogares mexicanos fue en alimentos y bebidas (A y B), el 33%
dentro del hogar, y dentro de ese gasto, el realizado en leche y sus derivados representó el 9%
Alimentos y
Bebidas dentro
del hogar
33%
Resto
91%
Alimentos y Bebidas
fuera del hogar
5%
En gasto en leche y derivados es altamente sensible al nivel de ingresos, el decil con mayores ingresos más que
duplica el gasto en estos productos respecto al decil más bajo.
Gasto promedio mensual de los hogares en leche y derivados dentro del hogar (pesos), 2020
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X
Leche Derivados lácteos
46
48