IPv4

Longitud de 32 bits
Identificar nodos y subredes en la RED
IDENTIFICAR UNA SUB-RED
IDENTIFICAR UN HOST

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
oct-1 oct-2
0 - 255 0 - 255
oct1.oct2
11.0.
0.0.0.0 -> SAL
SUB-RED MSB(<-
HOST LSB(MSB
MSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
1 - 255
1.0
1.255.
FULL

CLASE
A
Ips FUNCIONALES B
C
PROTOCOLOS D
I+D E

RESERVADA - NR INICIA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
IP HOST Ips Validas
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
RESERVADA - BC FINAL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

mascara d
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
CLASE A 255 0
RED HOST

NOMBRE SUB RED

CLASE A Ips Validas

 CLASE A Ips Validas

BROADCAST SUB RED

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16

IP 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
MSK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
AND LOGICO 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

mascara d
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CLASE B 255 255
RED RED

NOMBRE SUB RED

CLASE B Ips Validas

BROADCAST SUB RED

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16

IP 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
MSK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
AND LOGICO 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0

mascara d
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CLASE C 255 255
RED RED

NOMBRE SUB RED

CLASE C Ips Validas

BROADCAST SUB RED

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16

IP 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
MSK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
AND LOGICO 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
 CLASES DE DIRECC
CLASE RANGO
A 10.0.0.0
B 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.0.0
C 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.0

SUB NETTING - SUB

Robar bit de host

255.255.255.0 SUB NE
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128

IP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

126
62 62
30 30

200.8
2
Formar u

Nombre de RED
 SR1 SR2 SR3 SR4
NR 0 8 16 24
1ra 1 9 17 25
2da 2 10 18 26

Ips VALIDAS
3ra 3 11 19 27
4ta 4 12 20 28
5ta 5 13 21 29
6ta 6 14 22 30
BC 7 15 23 31

IP
Servidor 1 200.87.100.9
Servidor 2 200.87.100.10
Servidor 3 200.87.100.11
Servidor 4 200.87.100.12
Servidor 5 200.87.100.13
Servidor 6 200.87.100.14

IP
Servidor 1 200.87.100.21
Servidor 2 200.87.100.21
Servidor 3 200.87.100.21
Servidor 4 200.87.100.22
Servidor 5 200.87.100.22
Servidor 6 200.87.100.22

255.255.0.0 SUB NE
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128

IP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 255.0.0.0 SUB NE
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128

IP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
Pertenece a A

`
VLSM - Variable Length S
 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
oct-2 oct-3 oct-4
0 - 255 0 - 255 0 - 255
oct1.oct2.oct3.oct4
11.0.255.13
0.0.0.0 -> SALIR AL UNIVERSO
MSB(<-) 1
LSB(MSB->) 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LSB NOMINAL REFERENCIA
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1.0.0.0 16777216
1.255.255.255
FULL CLASS

CLASE TIPO APLICACION RANGO DE DIRECCIONES NUMERO DE REDES NUMERO D

A Redes Gigantes 1.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255 127 16,777,2
B Redes Medianas 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255 4,095 65,53
C Redes LAN 192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.255 2,097,151 254
D Multicast 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 PROTOCO
E Investigacion I+D 240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.254 NACIO MU

191.255.0.0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 nombre red
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Primera IP valida
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 Ultima IP valida
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Broadcast red

mascara de sub red A

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 4.7.8.9
HOST HOST HOST 255.0.0.0

OMBRE SUB RED 2.0.0.0

2.0.0.1 16777214 No Host
Ips Validas
 Ips Validas
2.255.255.254
OADCAST SUB RED 2.255.255.255

8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2.0.0.1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255.0.0.0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0.0.0

1.0.0.0 X 2.0.0.0

mascara de sub red B

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
255 0 0
RED HOST HOST

OMBRE SUB RED 190.37.0.0

190.37.0.1 65534 No Host
Ips Validas
190.37.255.254
OADCAST SUB RED 190.37.255.255

8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 190.37.16.3
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255.255.0.0
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 190.37.0.0

190.37.0.0 X 190.38.0.0

mascara de sub red C

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
255 255 0
RED RED HOST

OMBRE SUB RED 200.87.100.0

200.87.100.1 254 No Host
Ips Validas
200.87.100.254
OADCAST SUB RED 200.87.100.255

8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 200.87.100.10
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255.255.255.0
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200.87.100.0
 200.87.100.0 X 200.87.101.0

CLASES DE DIRECCIONES IP "PRIVADAS"

RANGO MASCARA SUB RED 167
10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 maskA, maskB, maskC 10.8.2.4
16.0.0 - 172.31.0.0 255.255.0.0 maskB, maskC 255.0.0.0
8.0.0 - 192.168.255.0 255.255.255.0 maskC 10.0.0.0

SUB NETTING - SUB REDES

Robar bit de host Los bits que estan en CERO los llevamos a UNO

SUB NETEO PARA Ips DE CLASE "C"

64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 DEC No Host No Ips
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 254 256
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 126 128
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 62 64
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 224 30 32
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 240 14 16
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 248 6 8
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 252 2 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 254 0 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255 -1 1

254
126 126
62 62 62
30 30 30 30 30 30

200.87.100.220 "C"
255.255.255.0 1 red con 254 HOST
Formar una red de 5 servidores 14
Servers 8
DESPERDICIO 6

200.87.100.0
 255.255.255.248

SR5 SR6 SR7 SR8 SR9 SR10 SR11 SR12 SR13 SR14 SR15 SR16 SR17 SR18 SR19 SR20 SR21 SR22 SR23 SR24 SR25 SR26 SR27 SR28
32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128 136 144 152 160 168 176 184 192 200 208 216
33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105 113 121 129 137 145 153 161 169 177 185 193 201 209 217
34 42 50 58 66 74 82 90 98 106 114 122 130 138 146 154 162 170 178 186 194 202 210 218
35 43 51 59 67 75 83 91 99 107 115 123 131 139 147 155 163 171 179 187 195 203 211 219
36 44 52 60 68 76 84 92 100 108 116 124 132 140 148 156 164 172 180 188 196 204 212 220
37 45 53 61 69 77 85 93 101 109 117 125 133 141 149 157 165 173 181 189 197 205 213 221
38 46 54 62 70 78 86 94 102 110 118 126 134 142 150 158 166 174 182 190 198 206 214 222
39 47 55 63 71 79 87 95 103 111 119 127 135 143 151 159 167 175 183 191 199 207 215 223

IP MSK 200.87.100.15
200.87.100.9 255.255.255.248 SR2
200.87.100.10 255.255.255.248
200.87.100.11 255.255.255.248
200.87.100.12 255.255.255.248
200.87.100.13 255.255.255.248
200.87.100.14 255.255.255.248

IP MSK
200.87.100.217 255.255.255.248 200.87.100.220
200.87.100.218 255.255.255.248 SR28
200.87.100.219 255.255.255.248
200.87.100.220 255.255.255.248
200.87.100.221 255.255.255.248
200.87.100.222 255.255.255.248

SUB NETEO PARA Ips DE CLASE "B"

64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 DEC No Host No Ips
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65534 65536
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 32766 32768
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 16382 16384
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 224 8190 8192
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 240 4094 4096
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 248 2046 2048
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 252 1022 1024
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 254 510 512
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 254 256
Pertenece a C
 SUB NETEO PARA Ips DE CLASE "A"
64 32 16 8 4 2 1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 DEC No Host No Ips
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16777214 16777216
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 8388606 8388608
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 4194302 4194304
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 224 2097150 2097152
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 240 1048574 1048576
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 248 524286 524288
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 252 262142 262144
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 254 131070 131072
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 65534
Pertenece a B Pertenece a C

SM - Variable Length Subnet Mask - Mascara de Sub red de longitud variable

 NOMINAL REFERENCIA

16777216

NUMERO DE HOST MASCARA SUB RED

16,777,216 255.0.0.0
65,534 255.255.0.0
254 255.255.255.0
PROTOCOLOS
NACIO MUERTO

191.255.0.0 4294967296

ombre red
rimera IP valida
ltima IP valida
roadcast red

4.7.8.9 IP
255.0.0.0 MSK

No Host
 2.0.0.1
255.0.0.0
2.0.0.0

No Host

190.37.16.3
255.255.0.0
190.37.0.0

No Host

200.87.100.10
255.255.255.0
200.87.100.0
 16777214 65534 254
10.8.2.4 IP 10.8.2.4 IP 10.8.2.4
255.0.0.0 MSKa 255.255.0.0 MSKb 255.255.255.0
10.0.0.0 NR 10.8.0.0 NR 10.8.2.0

RED.RED.RED.HOST
MASCARAS DE SUB RED No Redes
255.255.255.0 1
255.255.255.128 2
255.255.255.192 4
255.255.255.224 8
255.255.255.240 16
255.255.255.248 32
255.255.255.252 64
255.255.255.254 128
255.255.255.255 256

RED.RED.RED.DEC
SR29 SR30 SR31 SR32
224 232 240 248
225 233 241 249
226 234 242 250
227 235 243 251
228 236 244 252
229 237 245 253
230 238 246 254
231 239 247 255

RED.RED.DEC.HOST
MASCARAS DE SUB RED No Redes
255.255.0.0 1
255.255.128.0 2
255.255.192.0 4
255.255.224.0 8
255.255.240.0 16
255.255.248.0 32
255.255.252.0 64
255.255.254.0 128
255.255.255.0
255.255.DEC.0
 RED.DEC.HOST.HOST
MASCARAS DE SUB RED No Redes
255.0.0.0 1
255.128.0.0 2
255.192.0.0 4
255.224.0.0 8
255.240.0.0 16
255.248.0.0 32
255.252.0.0 64
255.254.0.0 128

255.DEC.0.0
 254
10.8.2.4 IP
255.255.255.0 MSKc
10.8.2.0 NR
 166.114.102.0
62 255.255.255.192 SR1 4
30 255.255.255.224 SR2 8
14 255.255.255.240 SR3 12
SR4 14
SR1: 166.11
SR1 SR2 SR3 SR4 IP
NR 0 16 32 48 PC1 166.114.102.3
1ra 1 17 33 49 PC2 166.114.102.8
2da 2 18 34 50 PC3 166.114.102.12
3ra 3 19 35 51 PC4 166.114.102.14
4ta 4 20 36 52 Ips de re
5ta 5 21 37 53 IP
6ta 6 22 38 54 1 166.114.102.1
7ma 7 23 39 55 2 166.114.102.2
8va 8 24 40 56 3 166.114.102.4
9na 9 25 41 57 4 166.114.102.5
10ma 10 26 42 58 5 166.114.102.6
11ma 11 27 43 59 6 166.114.102.7
12ma 12 28 44 60 7 166.114.102.9
13ra 13 29 45 61 8 166.114.102.10
14ta 14 30 46 62 9 166.114.102.11
BC 15 31 47 63

SR2: 166.114
IP
PC1 166.114.102.17
PC2 166.114.102.18
PC3 166.114.102.20
PC4 166.114.102.21
PC5 166.114.102.23
PC6 166.114.102.24
PC7 166.114.102.27
PC8 166.114.102.28

SR3: 166.114
IP
PC1 166.114.102.34
PC2 166.114.102.35
PC3 166.114.102.36
PC4 166.114.102.37
PC5 166.114.102.38
PC6 166.114.102.39
PC7 166.114.102.40
PC8 166.114.102.41
PC9 166.114.102.42
PC10 166.114.102.43
PC11 166.114.102.44
PC12 166.114.102.45

SR4: 166.114
IP
PC1 166.114.102.49
PC2 166.114.102.50
PC3 166.114.102.51
PC4 166.114.102.52
PC5 166.114.102.53
PC6 166.114.102.54
PC7 166.114.102.55
PC8 166.114.102.56
PC9 166.114.102.57
PC10 166.114.102.58
PC11 166.114.102.59
PC12 166.114.102.60
PC13 166.114.102.61
PC14 166.114.102.62
 SR1: 166.114.102.0
IP MSK
166.114.102.3 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.8 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.12 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.14 255.255.255.240
Ips de reserva
IP MSK
166.114.102.1 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.2 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.4 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.5 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.6 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.7 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.9 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.10 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.11 255.255.255.240

SR2: 166.114.102.16
IP MSK
166.114.102.17 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.18 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.20 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.21 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.23 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.24 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.27 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.28 255.255.255.240

SR3: 166.114.102.32
IP MSK
166.114.102.34 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.35 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.36 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.37 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.38 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.39 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.40 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.41 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.42 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.43 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.44 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.45 255.255.255.240

SR4: 166.114.102.48
IP MSK
166.114.102.49 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.50 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.51 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.52 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.53 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.54 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.55 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.56 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.57 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.58 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.59 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.60 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.61 255.255.255.240
166.114.102.62 255.255.255.240