Ejercicio 9 10 11 12
Ejercicio 9 10 11 12
Ejercicio 9 10 11 12
[−32 −2 −1
5 3 ]
AX=B
AXB
[
−3 −2 X 1 −1
2 5
∙
X2
=
3 ][ ] [ ]
1. Armo el sistema que debo comprobar.
[ 2 x1 + 5 x2
=
][ ]
−3 x1 −2 x 2 −1
3
Sistema :
−3 x 1−2 x 2=−1
2 x 1+5 x 2=3
(−3 )( 5 )− ( 2 )(−2 )
Det . A= [ −3 −2
2 5
¿] −14 +4
−11
[
A= −3 −2 A T = −3 2
2 5 ] [
−2 5 ]
c. Encuentre de la adjunta de la matriz transpuesta.
A =
T
[−3
−2 5 ]
2
→¿
a 11 [−3
−2 5 ]
2
=5
a 12
[−3
−2 5 ]
2
=−2
[ ]
a 21 −3 2 =2
−2 5
a 22
[−3
−2 5 ]
2
=−3
Adj AT =
[5 −(−2 )
−2 −3
=
5
−2
2
−3 ][ ]
T
Adj A −1
d. Encuentro la matriz inversa. A =
| A|
A
−1
=
Adj A
=
[ 5
−2
2
−3
T ]
| A| −11
[ ]
−1 −1
(5) (2)
¿−
1 5 2 ¿
11 −2 −3 −1 [
11
(−2)
11
−1
(−3)
]
11 11
[ ]
−5 −2
−1 11 11
A =
2 3
11 11
[ ][ ]
−3 −2 1 0 2 −1
F1 F 1 0
−3 −3 −3 −3 1 3 3
F2 F2
2 5 0 1 2 5 0 1
a 21=2→ 0 : F2−F 1 (2) Me queda:
[ ][ ]
2 −1
1 0 2 −1
3 3 1 0
F1 F 3 3
2 5 0 1 1
F2 F2 0 11 2
−4 2 1
−2 0 3 3
3 3
11 2
0 31 3
1
11 F /11
a 22= → 1: 2 Me queda:
3 3
[ ][
2 −1
]
1 0
3 3 −1
2 0
F1 11 2 F1 1 3
3
F2 0 3 3 1 F2 2 3
0 1
11 11 11 11 11 11
3 3 3 3
2 −2
a 12= → 0 : F 1 + F 2( ) Me queda:
3 3
[ ]
−1
2 0
1 3
[ ]
3
−4 −2 −5 −2
−2 F
F 1 F 2 0 3 33 11 1 1 0 11 11
¿¿ −5 −2 F 2 0 1 2 3
¿ 1 0
¿ 11 11 11 11
2 3
01
11 11
[ ]
−5 −2
−1 11 11
A =
2 3
11 11
Comprobación:
A ∙ A−1=M . I .
[ ][
−5 −2
[ −3 −2 ∙ 11
2 5 2 ] 11 = 1 0
3 0 1 ]
11 11
[ −3 −2 11
∙ ] 11
=
11 11
2 5 2
11
3
11
2
−5
11
+5( ) ( ) 2( −211 )+ 5( 113 )
2
11
[ ][
15 4 6 6
− −
11 11
= −10 10
+
11 11
−4 15
+
=
1 0
0 1 ]
11 11 11 11
−1
X =A ∙ B
[ ][ ]
−5 −2
[ ]
X1
X2
= 11
2
11
11 ∙ −1
3
11
3
[ ][ ] [ ][ ]
−5 −2 −1
(−1 ) ( 3)
X1 11 11 X1 11
= =
X2 2 +3 X2 7
(−1 ) (3 )
11 11 11
−1
X1=
11
7
X 2=
11
4. Comprobación en el sistema
−3 x 1−2 x 2=−1
→
−3 ( −111 )−2( 117 )=−1
2(
11 ) ( 11 )
2 x 1+5 x 2=3 −1 7
+5 =3
Ejercicio 10.
[ ]
1 1 −1 7
4 −1 5 4
6 1 3 20
AX=B
AXB
[ ][ ] [ ]
1 1 −1 X 1 7
4 −1 5 ∙ X2 = 4
6 1 3 X3 20
[ ][ ]
1 x 1+1 x 2−1 x 3 7
4 x 1−1 x 2+5 x 3 = 4
6 x 1 +1 x 2 +3 x3 20
Sistema :
1 x1 +1 x 2−1 x 3=7
4 x 1−1 x 2 +5 x3 =4
6 x 1+ 1 x 2 +3 x3 =20
Det . A=¿
[ 01 1 2
0 3 ]
AX=B
AXB
[ ][ ] [ ]
0 1 X1
∙
1 0 X2
=
2
3
[ 0 x1 +1 x 2
][]
1 x 1 + 0 x2
=
2
3
Sistema :
0 x 1+ 1 x 2=2
1 x1 +0 x 2=3
( 0 )( 0 )−( 1 ) (1 )
Det . A= [ ]
0 1
1 0
¿ 0−1
−1
[ ]
AT = 0 1 → ¿
1 0
a 12
[ 01 10]=1
[ ]
a 21 0 1 =1
1 0
[ ]
a 22 0 1 =0
1 0
Adj AT =
[ 0
−(1)
−(1) = 0 −1
0 −1 0 ][ ]
T
−1 Adj A
d. Encuentro la matriz inversa. A =
| A|
A−1 =
Adj A
=
[ −1 0 ]
0 −1
T
| A| −1
[ ]
−1 −1
(0) (−1)
¿−
1 0 −1
1 −1 0
¿
[−1
1
(−1)
1
−1 ]
(0)
1 1
[ ]
A−1= 0 1
1 0
A=
[ 01 10] →[ 01 1 10
0 01 ]
Intercambio el orden de las filas.
Me queda:
[
F1 1 0 0 1
F 2 0 11 0 ]
A =
−1
[ 01 10]
Comprobación:
−1
A ∙ A =M . I .
[ 01 10] ∙[ 01 10 ]=[ 10 01 ]
−1
X =A ∙ B
[ ] [ ][ ]
X1
X2
=
0 1 2
∙
1 0 3
[ ][X1
X2
=
0 (2) 1 (3)
1 ( 2 ) +0 ( 3 ) ] [ ][]X1
X2
=
3
2
X 1 =3
X 2=2
4. Comprobación en el sistema
0 x 1+ 1 x 2=2 0 ( 3 ) +1 ( 2 ) =2
→
1 x1 +0 x 2=3 1 ( 3 ) +0 ( 2 )=3
Ejercicio 12.
[ ]
4 2 1 4
7 6 −3 11
0 −2 0 0
AX=B
AXB
[ ][ ] [ ]
4 2 1 X1 4
∙
7 6 −3 X 2 = 11
0 −2 0 X3 0
[ ][ ]
4 x 1 +2 x2 +1 x 3 4
7 x1 +6 x 2−3 x 3 = 11
0 x 1−2 x 2 +0 x 3 10
Sistema :
4 x 1 +2 x 2 +1 x3 =4
7 x 1+ 6 x2 −3 x 3=11
0 x 1−2 x2 +0 x 3=10
Det . A=¿
[ ] [ ]
4 2 1 4 7 0
A= 7 6 −3 AT = 2 6 −2
0 −2 0 1 −3 0
[ ]
4 7 0
T
A = 2 6 −2 → ¿
1 −3 0
[ ]
4 7 0
a 11 2 6 −2 →
1 −3 0
−3 0
=
−6[ ]
6 −2 ( 6 )( 0 )−(−3 ) (−2 )
[ ][
4 7 0
a 12 2 6 −2 →
1 −3 0
1 0
= ]
2 −2 ( 2 ) ( 0 )−( 1 ) (−2 )
2
[ ][
4 7 0
a 13 2 6 −2 →
1 −3 0
2 6
1 −3
=
−12]
(2 )(−3 ) −( 1 )( 6 )
[ ][
4 7 0
a 21 2 6 −2 → 7 0 =
1 −3 0
−3 0 ]
( 7 ) ( 0 )−(−3 )( 0 )
0
[ ][
4 7 0
a 22 2 6 −2 → 4
1 −3 0
1 0 ]
0 =( 4 ) ( 0 ) −( 1 )( 0 )
0
[ ][
4 7 0
a 23 2 6 −2 → 4 7 =
1 −3 0
1 −3 −19]
( 4 )(−3 )−( 1 )( 7 )
[ ][
4 7 0
a 31 2 6 −2 → 7 0 =
1 −3 0
6 −2 −14 ]
(7 )(−2 )−( 6 ) ( 0 )
[ ][
4 7 0
a 32 2 6 −2 → 4 0 =
1 −3 0
2 −2 −8]
( 4 ) (−2 )−( 2 ) ( 0 )
[ ][
4 7 0
a 33 2 6 −2 →
1 −3 0
2 6
= ]
4 7 ( 4 )( 6 )−( 2 ) ( 7 )
10
[ ][ ]
−6 −(2) −12 −6 −2 −12
T
Adj A = 0 0 −(−19) = 0 0 19
−14 −(−8) 10 −14 8 10
T
Adj A
−1
d. Encuentro la matriz inversa. A =
| A|
[ ]
−6 −2 −12
0 0 19
−1 Adj A
T
−14 8 10
A = =
| A| −38
[ ]
−1 −1 −1
(−6 ) (−2 ) (−12 )
[ ]
38 38 38
−6 −2 −12
1 −1 −1 −1
¿− 0 0 19 ¿ ( 0) (0 ) (19 )
38 38 38 38
−14 8 10
−1 −1 −1
(−14 ) (8 ) (10 )
38 38 38
[ ]
6 2 12
38 38 38
−19
¿ 0 0
38
14 −8 −10
38 38 38
[ ]
3 1 6
19 19 19
−1
A−1=¿ 0 0
2
7 −4 −5
19 19 19
[ ][ ]
4 2 1 4 2 1 1 0 0
A= 7 6 −3 → 7 6 −3 0 1 0
0 −2 0 0 −2 0 0 0 1
F1
a 11=4 → 1: Me queda:
4
[ ][ ]
4 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
F1 F1 1 0 0
4 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4
F2 F2
7 6 −3 0 1 0 7 6 −3 0 1 0
F3 0 −2 0 0 0 1 F 3 0 −2 0 0 0 1
a 21=7→ 0 : F 2−F1 ( 7 )
[ ]
1 1 1
1 0 0
[ ]
2 4 4
F1 7 1 1 1
6 −3 0 1 0 F 1 0 0
¿ 1 2 4 4
¿ −7 −7 −7
F 2 −7 2 4 4
0 0 F2
0
5 −19 −7
1 0
¿
F3 2 4 4
F3 0 5 −19 −7
1 0 0 −2 0 0 0 1
2 4 4
0 −2 0 0 0 1
5 F
a 22= → 1 : 2
2 5 Me queda:
2
[ ][
1 1 1
]
1 0 0
2 4 4 1 1 1
1 0 0
F1 5 −19 −7 F1 2 4 4
F2 0 2 4 4 1 0 F2 −19 −7 2
0 1 0
F3 5 5 5 5 5 5 F3 10 10 5
2 2 2 2 2 2 0 −2 0 0 0 1
0 −2 0 0 0 1
a 32 =−2→ 0 : F3 + F 2 ( 2 ) Me queda:
[ []
1 1 1
]
1 0 0
4 2 4
1 1 1
F1 0 1 −19 −7 2 1 0 0
0 2 4 4
¿ 10 10 5 F1
F 2 0 −2 −19 −7 2
0 0 0 1 F2 0 1 0
¿ 10 10 5
−19 −7 4
0 F3
¿
F3 0 2 5 5 5 0 0
−19 −7 4
1
5 5 5
−19 −7 4
0 0 1
5 5 5
1 1
a 12= → 0 : F1 −F 2 ( ) Me queda:
2 2
[ ]
1 1 1
1 0 0
[ ]
2 4 4
−1 19 7 −1 6 3 −1
0 0 1 0 0
2 20 20 5 5 5 5
¿ F1 F1
6 3 −1 −19 −7 2
¿F 2 1 0 0 F2 0 1 0
5 5 5 10 10 5
F3 −19 −7 2 F3 −19 −7 4
0 1 0 0 0 1
10 10 5 5 5 5
−19 −7 4
0 0 1
5 5 5
−19 F3
a 33 = →1 :
5 −19
5
[ ]
6 3 −1
1 0 0
5 5 5
F1 −19 −7 2
¿
0 1 0
10 10 5
F2
¿ −19 −7 4
F3 0 0 5 5 5 1
−19 −19 −19 −19 −19 −19
5 5 5 5 5 5
Me queda:
[ ]
6 3 −1
1 0 0
F1 5 5 5
−19 −7 2
F2 0 1 0
10 10 5
F3 7 −4 −5
0 0 1
19 19 19
−19 19
a 23 = →0 : F 2+ F 3 ( ) Me queda:
10 10
[ ]
6 3 −1
1 0 0
[ ]
5 5 5
−19 −7 2 6 3 −1
0 1 0 1 0 0
F1 F2 10 10 5 5 5 5
F1
¿¿ 19 7 −2 −1 −1
¿ 0 0 F2 0 1 0 0 0
¿ 10 10 5 2 2
F3 −1 F3 7 −4 −5
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
2 19 19 19
7 −4 −5
0 0 1
19 19 19
6 6
a 13 = → 0: F 1−F 3 ( ) Me queda:
5 5
[ ]
6 3 −1
1 0 0
[ ]
5 5 5
−6 −42 24 6 3 1 6
0 0 1 0 0
F1 F2 5 95 95 19 F 19 19 19
1
¿¿ 3 1 6 −1
¿ 1 0 0 F 0 1 0 0 0
¿ 19 19 19 2 2
F3 −1 F 3 7 −4 −5
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
2 19 19 19
7 −4 −5
0 0 1
19 19 19
[ ]
3 1 6
19 19 19
−1 −1
A = 0 0
2
7 −4 −5
19 19 19
Comprobación:
−1
A ∙ A =M . I .
[ ][
3 1 6
[ ] ]
19 19 19
4 2 1 1 0 0
−1
7 6 −3 ∙ 0 0 =0 1 0
2
0 −2 0 0 0 1
7 −4 −5
19 19 19
[ ]
3 1 6
[ ]
19 19 19
4 2 1
−1
7 6 −3 . 0 0 =¿
2
0 −2 0
7 −4 −5
19 19 19
[ ]
1 0 0
=0 1 0
0 0 1
3. Resolver la ecuación matricial
−1
[ ][ ]
X =A ∙ B
3 1 6
[]
X1 19 19 19
4
−1
X2 = 0 0 ∙ 11
2
X3 10
7 −4 −5
19 19 19
[ ] []
3 +1
+6 83
(4 ) ( 11 )
( 10 )
19 19
19 19
[ ]
X1
X2
= 0 ( 4 ) +0 ( 11 )
7 −4
−1
2
−5
( 10 )
[ ] X1
X2
=
−10
2
−66
(4 ) ( 11 ) ( 10 )
19 19 19 19
83
X 1=
19
−10
X 2=
2
−66
X3=
19
4. Comprobación en el sistema
4 x +2 x +1 x =4
( 1 9 ) ( 2 ) ( 19 )
83
+2
−10
4 +1
−66
=4
7 x + 6 x −3 x =11 → 7 ( ) +6 (
2 ) ( 19 )
1 2 3
83 −10 −66
−3 =11
1 2
193
0 x −2 x +0 x =10
0 ( ) −2 (
2 ) ( 19 )
1 2 3
83 −10 −66
+0 =10
19