Intergral Indefinida
Intergral Indefinida
Intergral Indefinida
xn+1
Z
2. xn dx = +c (n 6= 1)
n+1
Z
dx
3. = ln|x| + c (x 6= 0)
x
Z
4. ex dx = ex + c
ax
Z
5. ax dx = +c (a > 0 a 6= 1)
ln a
Z
6. sen x dx = −cos x + c
Z
7. cos x dx = sen x + c
Z
dx π
8. = tg x + c x 6= + π n, n ∈ Z
cos2 x 2
Z
dx
9. = −ctg x + c x 6= π n, n ∈ Z
sen2 x
Z
dx
10. √ = arcsen x + c (|x| < 1)
1 − x2
Z
dx x
11. √ = arcsen + c (|x| < |a|, a 6= 0)
2
a −x 2 2
Z
dx
12. = arctg x + c
1 + x2
Z
dx 1 x
13. = arctg + c (a 6= 0)
x2 + a2 a a
x−a
Z
dx 1
14. 2 2
= ln +c (a 6= 0, |x| < |a|)
x −a 2a x+a
Z
dx p
15. √ = ln x + x2 ± a2 + c (a 6= 0, |x| > |a|)
x2 ± a 2
Directas (integrales directas). El método para hallar las integrales directas, consiste en tratar
de descomponer el integrando como la suma algebraica de varias funciones y luego aplicar las
propiedades y formulas básicas de integración enunciadas. Este método es llamado "método
de integración por descomposición”. En ciertas funciones, descomponer la función en sumas
parciales no es tarea fácil, pues depende de la experiencia, habilidad y práctica del que calcula.
La íntegración se considerará entonces a partir de este punto como un procedimiento esen-
cialmente de ensayos. Por ello, para facilitar el trabajo, es conveniente que el alumno elabore
1
David Angel Huallata Choque
o adquiera una tabla de integrales ya conocidas (como las que se presentan). Esta tabla de
integrales inmediatas permitirá realizar alguna integración únicamente de la comparación de
la expresión diferencial que se desea obtener, con alguna en la tabla. Si se encuentra escrita„
entonces ya conocemos la integral. Si no es asi, probaremos algunas manipulaciones algebraicas
para reducirla a una de las fórmulas de las tablas.
Calcular las siguientes integrales idefinidas inmediatas:
Z
9.1. (x4 − 2x3 − 6x2 + 8x + 7)dx
Solución:
Z Z Z Z Z Z
(x4 − 2x3 − 6x2 + 8x + 7)dx = x4 dx − 2x3 dx − 6x2 dx + 8xdx + 7 dx
Z Z Z Z Z
= x4 dx − 2 x3 dx − 6 x2 dx + 8 xdx + 7 dx
7
Z Z Z Z Z
= 3x2 dx − 2xdx + 5dx − dx + 8x−2 dx
x
dx
Z Z Z Z Z
= 3 x2 dx − 2 xdx + 5 dx − 7 + 8 x−2 dx
x
x2+1 x1+1 x−2+1
=3 −2 + 5x − 7 ln x + 8 +c
2+1 1+1 −2 + 1
x3 x2 x−1
=3 −2 + 5x − 7 ln x + 8 +c
3 2 −1
3 3 2 2 1
= x − x + 5x − 7 ln x − 8 + c
3 2 x
8
= x3 − x2 + 5x − 7 ln x − +c
x
!
1
Z
2
9.3. x − 2x + 2 dx
x
Solución:
2
David Angel Huallata Choque
!
1
Z Z Z Z
2
x − 2x + 2 dx = x2 dx − 2xdx + x−2 dx
x
Z Z Z
= x2 dx − 2 xdx + x−2 dx
Solución:
Z Z
(a + bx) dx = (a2 + 2abx + b2 x2 )dx
2
Z Z Z
= a2 dx + 2abxdx + b2 x2 dx
Z Z Z
= a2 dx + 2ab xdx + b2 x2 dx
x1+1 x2+1
= a2 x + 2ab + b2
1+1 2+1
x2 x3
= a2 x + 2ab + b2
2 3
2ab 2 b3 3
= a2 x + x + x +c
2 3
3
2
ab 2 b 3
= a2 x + x + x +c
2
3
b3 3
= a2 x + abx2 + x +c
3
Z
9.5. (a − bx)3 dx
Solución:
Z Z
(a − bx)3 dx = (a3 − 3a2 bx + 3ab2 x2 − b3 x3 )dx
Z Z Z Z
= a3 dx − 3a2 bxdx + 3ab2 x2 dx − b3 x3 dx
Z Z Z Z
3 2 2 2 3
=a dx − 3a b xdx + 3ab x dx − b x3 dx
3
David Angel Huallata Choque
3a2 b 2 b3
= a3 x − x + ab2 x3 − x4 + c
2 4
x−2
Z
9.6. dx
x3
Solución:
x−2
Z Z Z
−3
dx = (x − 2)x dx = (x−2 − 2x−3 )dx
x3
Z Z Z Z
= x−2 dx − 2x−3 dx = x−2 dx − 2 x−3 dx
1 1 2
= x2 + 6 ln x + x − + c
6 3 x
!
1 2 3
Z
9.8. + + dx
x x2 x3
Solución:
! !
1 2 3 1
Z Z
+ + dx = + 2x−2 + 3x−3 dx
x x2 x3 x
dx
Z Z Z
= + 2x−2 dx + 3x−3 dx
x
4
David Angel Huallata Choque
dx
Z Z Z
−2
= +2 x dx + 3 x−3 dx
x
x−2+1 x−3+1
= ln | x | +2 +3 +c
−2 + 1 −3 + 1
x−1 x−2
= ln | x | +2 +3 +c
−1 −2
2 3
= ln | x | − − 2 + c
x 2x
!
1 3 5 7
Z
9.9. − + − dx
x2 x4 x6 x6
Solución:
!
1 3 5 7
Z Z
− + − dx = (x−2 − 3x−4 5x−6 − 7x−8 )dx
x2 x4 x6 x6
Z Z Z Z
= x dx − 3x dx + 5x dx − 7x−8 dx
−2 −4 −6
Z Z Z Z
= x−2 dx − 3 x−4 dx + 5 x−6 dx − 7 x−8 dx
5
David Angel Huallata Choque
!3 !
1 3 3 1
Z Z
1+ dx = 1+ + 2+ 3 dx
x x x x
!
3
Z
= 1 + + 3x−2 + x−3 dx
x
3dx
Z Z Z Z
= dx + + 3x−2 dx + x−3 dx
x
dx
Z Z Z Z
= dx + 3 + 3 x−2 dx + x−3 dx
x
x−2+1 x−3+1
= x + 3 ln | x | +3 + +c
−2 + 1 −3 + 1
x−1 x−2
= x + 3 ln | x | +3 + +c
−1 −2
3 1
= x + 3 ln | x | − − 2 + c
x 2x
9x5 + 12x4 − 6x3 + 7x2 − 4x + 2
Z
9.12. dx
x3
Solución:
9x5 + 12x4 − 6x3 + 7x2 − 4x + 2
Z Z
dx = (9x5 + 12x4 − 6x3 + 7x2 − 4x + 2)x−3 dx
x3
Z
= (9x2 + 12x − 6 + 7x−1 − 4x−2 + 2x−3 )dx
!
7
Z
2 −2 −3
= 9x + 12x − 6 + − 4x + 2x dx
x
7dx
Z Z Z Z Z Z
2
= 9x dx + 12xdx − 6dx + − 4x dx + 2x−3 dx
−2
x
dx
Z Z Z Z Z Z
= 9 x2 dx + 12 xdx − 6 dx + 7 − 4 x−2 dx + 2 x−3 dx
x
x2+1 x1+1 x−2+1 x−3+1
=9 + 12 − 6x + 7 ln | x | −4 +2 +c
2+1 1+1 −2 + 1 −3 + 1
x3 x2 x−1 x−2
=9 + 12 − 6x + 7 ln | x | −4 +2 +c
3 2 −1 −2
9 3 12 2 4 2
= x + x − 6x + 7 ln | x | + − 2 + c
3 2 x 2x
4 1
= 3x3 + 6x2 − 6x + 7 ln | x | + − 2 + c
x x
(x − 1)(x3 − 1)
Z
9.13. dx
x2
Solución:
(x − 1)(x3 − 1)
Z Z
dx = (x − 1)(x3 − 1)x−2 dx
x2
Z
= (x4 − x − x3 + 1)x−2 dx
Z
= (x2 − x−1 − x + x−2 )dx
6
David Angel Huallata Choque
!
1
Z
2 −2
= x − −x+x dx
x
dx
Z Z Z Z
2
= x dx − − xdx + x−2 dx
x
x2+1 x1+1 x−2+1
= − ln | x | − + +c
2+1 1 + 1 −2 + 1
x3 x2 x−1
= − ln | x | − + +c
3 2 −1
1 3 1 1
= x − ln | x | − x2 − + c
3 2 x
(x2 + x + 1)2
Z
9.14. dx
x3
Solución:
(x2 + x + 1)2
Z Z
dx = (x2 + x + 1)2 x−3 dx
x3
Z
= (x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x + 1)x−3 dx
Z
= (x + 2 + 3x−1 + 2x−2 + x−3 )dx
!
3
Z
−2 −3
= x + 2 + + 2x + x dx
x
3dx
Z Z Z Z Z
= xdx + 2dx + + 2x−2 dx + x−3 dx
x
dx
Z Z Z Z Z
= xdx + 2 dx + 3 + 2 x dx + x−3 dx
−2
x
x1+1 x−2+1 x−3+1
= + 2x + 3 ln | x | +2 + +c
1+1 −2 + 1 −3 + 1
x2 x−1 x−2
= + 2x + 3 ln | x | +2 + +c
2 −1 −2
1 2 2 1
= x + 2x + 3 ln | x | − − 2 + c
2 x 2x
x2 − 9
Z
9.15. dx
x+3
Solución:
Z 2 Z 2
x −9 x − 32 (x − 3)(x + 3)
Z
dx = dx = dx
x+3 x+3 x+3
(x − 3)
(x +
3)
Z Z
= dx = (x − 3)dx
x+
3
Z Z Z Z
= xdx − 3dx = xdx − 3 dx
x1+1 1
= − 3x + c = x2 − 3x + c
1+1 2
dx
Z
9.16.
4x2−9
Solución:
7
David Angel Huallata Choque
3
Z
dx
Z
dx 1
Z
dx 1
Z
dx 1 1 x−
2
2
= != 2
= !2 = · ln +c
4x − 9 9 4 3 4 3 4 3 3
4 x2 − x2 − 2 x2 − 2· x+
4 2 2 2 2
2x − 3
1 1 2 1 1 (x − 3)2 1 (x − 3)2 1 x−3
= · ln + c = · ln +c= ln +c= ln +c
4 3 2x + 3 4 3 2(x + 3) 12 2(x + 3) 12 x+3
·
2
2
2
dx
Z
9.17.
5 − x2
Solución:
√
dx dx dx dx dx 1 x− 5
Z Z Z Z Z
= = =− =− √ = − √ ln √ +c
5 − x2 −x2 + 5 −(x2 − 5) x2 − 5 x2 − ( 5 )2 2 5 x+ 5
dx
Z
9.18. 2
2x + 8
Solución:
dx dx 1 dx 1 dx 1 1 x 1 x
Z Z Z Z
2
= 2
= 2
= 2 2
= · arctg + c = arctg + c
2x + 8 2(x + 4) 2 x + 4 2 x + 2 2 2 2 4 2
dx
Z
9.19.
4x2 + 1
Solución:
dx dx 1 dx 1 dx 1 dx 1 1 x
Z Z Z Z Z
= != = 2
= !2 = · arctg + c
4x2 + 1 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 1
4 x2 + x2 + x2 + 2 x2 +
4 4 2 2 2 2
1 2 2x 2 1
· arctg
= + c = arctg 2x + c = arctg 2x + c
4 1 1 4 2
Z 3
x + 9x − 2
9.20. dx
x2 + 9
Solución:
Z 3 !
x + 9x − 2 3 3dx dx
Z Z Z Z Z
dx = x+ 2 dx = xdx + = xdx + 3
x2 + 9 x +9 2
x +9 x + 32
2
x1+1 1 x x2 3 x 1 1 x
= +3· arctg + c = + arctg + c = x2 + arctg + c
1+1 2·3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3
x2 + 4
Z
9.21. dx
x2 − 1
Solución:
Z 2 !
x +4 5 5dx dx dx
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z
dx = 1+ 2 dx = dx + = dx + 5 = dx + 5
x2 − 1 x −1 2
x −1 2
x −1 x − 12
2
1 x−1 5 x−1
=x+5· ln + c = x + ln +c
2·1 x+1 2 x+1
x2
Z
9.22. dx
x2 + 1
Solución:
!
x2 1 dx dx 1 x
Z Z Z Z Z Z
dx = 1− 2 dx = dx − = dx − =x− arctg + c
x2 + 1 x +1 x2 + 1 x2 + 1 2 2·1 1
8
David Angel Huallata Choque
1
=x− arctg x + c
2
x2
Z
9.23. dx
x2 − 1
Solución:
!
x2 1 dx dx 1 x−1
Z Z Z Z
dx = 1+ 2 dx = dx + 2 = dx + 2 =x+ ln +c
x2 − 1 x −1 x −1 x − 12 2·1 x+1
1 x−1
=x+ ln +c
2 x+1
x4
Z
9.24. dx
x2 + 1
Solución:
!
x4 1 dx x2+1 1 x
Z Z Z Z Z
2
dx = x −1+ 2 dx = x2 dx − dx + = −x+ arctg + c
x2 + 1 x +1 2
x +1 2+1 2·1 1
1 3 1
= x − x + arctg x + c
3 2
x2
Z
9.25. dx
x2 − a2
Solución:
!
x2 a2 a2 dx dx
Z Z Z Z Z Z
dx = 1+ 2 dx = dx + = dx + a2
x2 − a2 x − a2 x − a2
2 x2 − a2
a x−a
=x+ ln +c
2 x+a
2 − x4
Z
9.26. dx
1 + x2
Solución:
!
2 − x4 − x4 + 2 − (x4 − 2)
Z 4
x −2 1
Z Z Z Z
2
dx = dx = dx = − dx = − x −1− 2 dx
1 + x2 x2 + 1 x2 + 1 x2 + 1 x +1
! !
dx x2+1 1 x
Z Z Z
2
=− x dx − dx − =− −x− arctg +c
x2 + 1 2+1 2·1 1
!
x3 1 1 1
=− − x − arctg x + c = − x3 + x + arctg x + c
3 2 3 2
1 + 2x2
Z
9.27. dx
x2 (1 + x2 )
Solución:
!
1 + 2x2 1 + x2 + x2 1 + x2 x2
Z Z Z
dx = dx = + dx
x2 (1 + x2 ) x2 (1 + x2 ) x2 (1 + x2 ) x2 (1 + x2 )
! !
2 2
1+x x 1 1
Z Z
= 2 + dx = + dx
x2
(1
+x ) x2 (1 + x2 ) x2 1 + x2
9
David Angel Huallata Choque
!
1 dx
Z Z Z
−2
= x + dx = x−2 dx +
1 + x2 1 + x2
x−2+1 x−1
= + arctg x + c = + arctg x + c
−2 + 1 −1
1
= − + arctg x + c
x
√
Z
9.28. (3x − x )2 dx
Solución:
√ √ √
Z Z Z Z
1 3
(3x − x )2 dx = (3x)2 − 2 · 3x x + ( x )2 dx = (9x2 − 6x · x 2 + x)dx = (9x2 − 6x 2 + x)dx
3
x2+1 x 2 +1
Z Z Z Z Z Z
3 3
= 9x2 dx − 6x 2 dx + xdx = 9 x2 dx − 6 x 2 dx + xdx = 9 −6 3 +x+c
2+1 2 +1
5
x3 x2 9 12√ 5 12 2 √
=9 − 6 5 + x + c = x3 − x + x + c = 3x3 − x x+x+c
3 2
3 5 5
Z
√ √
9.29. (2 3 x + 3x − 5)dx
Solución:
Z
√ √ Z
√ √ √ Z
√
Z √
√
Z
(2 3 x + 3x − 5)dx = (2 3 x + 3 x − 5)dx = 2 3 xdx + 3 xdx − 5dx
Z
√ √ Z √ Z Z
1 √ Z 1 Z
=2 3
xdx + 3 xdx − 5 dx = 2 x 3 dx + 3 x 2 dx − 5 dx
1 1 4 3
x 3 +1 √ x 2 +1 x3 √ x2
=2 1 + 3 1 − 5x + c = 2 4 + 3 3 − 5x + c
3 +1 2 +1 3 2
√ √
6√3 2 3√ 3 3 √ 2 3 √
= x4 + x − 5x + c = x 3 x + x x − 5x + c
√ ! 4 3 2 3
3 x x
Z
9.30. √ + dx
x 3
Solución:
√ ! 1
! 3
! Z 32
3 x x x · x2
3 x x dx
Z Z Z 2
Z
1
−2 − 21
√ + dx = 1 + dx = 3x + dx = 3x dx +
x 3 x 2 3 3 3
1 3 1 5
1 x− 2 +1 1 x 2 +1 x2 1 x2
Z Z
− 12 3
= 3 x dx + x dx = 3 · 1
2 + · +c=3· 1 + · 5 +c
3 − 2 + 1 3 32 + 1 2
3 2
6√ 3 2 √ 5 √ 2 2√
= x + x + c = 6x x + x x+c
1 15 15
√ √
Z
9.31. ( x + 3 x )dx
Solución:
1 1 3 4
√ √ x 2 +1 x 3 +1 x2 x3
Z Z Z Z
1 1 1 1
( x + 3 x )dx = (x 2 + x 3 )dx = x 2 dx + x 3 dx = 1 + 1 +c= 3 + 4 +c
2 +1 3 +1 2 3
2√ 3 3 √ 3 2 √ 3 √
=
x + x4 + c = x x + x 3 x + c
3 ! 4 3 4
1 1
Z
9.32. √ − √
4
dx
x x3
10
David Angel Huallata Choque
Solución:
! !
1 1 1 1
Z Z Z Z Z
1 3 1 3
√ − √ 4
dx = 1 − 3 dx = (x− 2 − x− 4 )dx = x− 2 dx − x− 4 dx
x x3 x 2 x 4
1 3 1 1
x− 2 +1 x− 4 +1 x2 x4 2√ 4√ √ √
= 1 − 3 +c= 1 − 1 +c= x− 4x+c=2 x−44x+x
−2 + 1 −4 + 1 2 4
1 1
√
( 3 x + 1)3
Z
9.33. dx
x
Solución:
Z √
( 3 x + 1)3 √ √ √ √
Z Z
dx = ( 3 x + 1)3 x−1 dx = ( 3 x )3 + 3 · ( 3 x )2 · 1 + 3 · 3 x · 12 + 13 x−1 dx
x
Z √ √
Z
2 1
= (x + 3 x2 + 3 3 x + 1)x−1 dx = (x + 3x 3 + 3x 3 + 1)x−1 dx
3
Z Z Z Z Z
− 13 − 23 −1 − 13 − 32
= (1 + 3x + 3x +x )dx = dx + 3x dx + 3x dx + x−1 dx
1 2
dx x− 3 +1 x− 3 +1
Z Z Z Z
− 13 − 23
= dx + 3 x dx + 3 x dx + =x+3 1 +3 2 + ln|x| + c
x −3 + 1 −3 + 1
2 1
x3 x3 9√3 9√
=x+3 2 +3 1 + ln|x| + c = x + x2 + 3 x + ln|x| + c
3 3
2 1
9√3 √
=x+ x2 + 9 3 x + ln|x| + c
2
x+1
Z
9.34. √3
dx
x2
Solución:
x+1 x+1
Z Z Z Z Z Z
− 23 1
− 32 1 2
√
3
dx = 2 dx = (x + 1)x dx = (x + x )dx = x dx + x− 3 dx
3 3
x 2 x 3
1 2 4 1
x 3 +1 x− 3 +1 x3 x3 3√3 3√ 3√3 √
= 1 2 +c= 4 + 1 +c= x2 + 3 x + c = x2 + 3 3 x + c
3 + 1−3 + 1 3 3
4 1 4
!
Z √ 1
9.35. x7 + √3
dx
x5
Solución:
Z √ ! Z ! 7 5
1 1 x 2 +1 x− 3 +1
Z Z Z
7 7
− 53 7
− 35
x7 + √
3
= x + 2
5 dx = (x + x
2 )dx = x dx +
2 x dx = 7 + 5 +c
x5 x3 2 +1 −3 + 1
9 2
x2 x− 3 2 9 3 1 2√ 9 3 1 2 √ 3
= 9 + 2 + c = x2 − · 2 + c = x − · √ + c = x4 x − √ +c
2 −3 9 2 x3 9 2 3 x2 9 3
2 x2
!2
√ 1
Z
9.36. x+ √ dx
3
x
Solución:
√
!2 !2 !
√ 1 √ √ 1 1 2 x 1
Z Z Z
x+ √ dx = ( x )2 + 2 · x · √ + √ dx = x+ √ + √
3
dx
3
x 3
x 3
x 3
x x2
1
!
2x 2 1
Z Z Z
1 1 2 1 2
= x+ 1 + 2 dx = (x + 2x 2 · x− 3 + x− 3 )dx = (x + 2x 6 + x− 3 )dx
x 3 x 3
11
David Angel Huallata Choque
Z Z Z Z Z Z
1 2 1 2
= xdx + 2x 6 dx + x− 3 dx = xdx + 2 x 6 dx + x− 3 dx
1 2 7 1
x1+1 x 6 +1 x− 3 +1 x2 x6 x3
= +2 1 + 2 +c= +2 7 + 1 +c
1+1 6 +1 −3 + 1 2 6 3
1 2 12 √6 3√ 1 12 √ √
= x + x7 + 3 x + c = x2 + x6x+33x+c
2 7 1 2 7
!2
√ 3
Z
9.37. 2 x+ dx
x
Solución:
√
!2 !2 !
√ 3 √ √ 3 3 12 x 9
Z Z Z
2 x+ dx = (2 x )2 + 2 · 2 x · + dx = 4x + + 2 dx
x x x x x
Z Z
1 1
−1 −2
= (4x + 12x · x 2 + 9x )dx = (4x + 12x− 2 + 9x−2 )dx
Z Z Z Z Z Z
1 1
= 4xdx + 12x− 2 dx + 9x−2 dx = 4 xdx + 12 x− 2 dx + 9 x−2 dx
1 1
x1+1 x− 2 +1 x−2+1 x2 x2 x−1
=4 + 12 1 +9 +c=4 + 12 1 + 9 +c
1+1 −2 + 1 −2 + 1 2 2
−1
4 2 24 1 1 √ 9
= x + x 2 − 9 + c = 2x2 + 24 x − + c
2 1 x x
(1 − xn )2
Z
9.38. √ dx
x
Solución:
(1 − xn )2
Z 2
1 − 2 · 1 · xn + (xn )2
Z Z
1
√ dx = 1 dx = (1 − 2xn + x2n )x− 2 dx
x x2
Z Z Z Z
1 2n−1 4n−1 1 2n−1 4n−1
= (x− 2 − 2x 2 + x 2 )dx = x− 2 dx − 2x 2 dx + x 2 dx
1 2n−1 4n−1
x− 2 +1 x 2 +1 x 2 +1
Z Z Z
2n−1 4n−1
− 12
= x dx − 2 x 2 dx + x 2 dx = 1 − 2 2n−1 + 4n−1 +c
−2 + 1 2 +1 2 +1
1 2n+1 4n+1
x2 x 2 x 2 2 1 4 2n+1 2 4n+1
= 1 −2 2n+1 + 4n+1 +c= x2 − x 2 + x 2 +c
2 2 2
1 2n + 1 4n + 1
41 2n 1 2 4n 1 1 4 1 2 1
= 2x 2 − x 2 +2 + x 2 + 2 + c = 2x 2 − xn · x 2 + x2n · x 2 + c
2n + 1 4n + 1 2n + 1 4n + 1
1 1
!
1 4xn · x 2 2x2n · x 2 1 4xn 2x2n
= 2x 2 − + + c = x2 2 − + +c
2n + 1 4n + 1 2n + 1 4n + 1
!
√ 4xn 2x2n
= x 2− + +c
2n + 1 4n + 1
Z √
9.39. 3ax dx (a > 0)
Solución:
Z √ Z √ 1 3
√ √ Z √ √ Z 1 √ x 2 +1 √ x2
3ax dx = 3a x dx = 3a x dx = 3a x 2 dx = 3a 1 + c = 3a 3 + c
2 +1 2
√ 2 3 2√ √ 3 2√ √
= 3a · x 2 + c = 3a x + c = 3a x x + c
3 3 3
12
David Angel Huallata Choque
dx
Z
9.40. √
2 − 3x2
Solución:
dx dx dx 1 dx
Z Z Z Z
√ = v = v =√ v
2 − 3x2 u ! u !2
3 u √ !2
t3 2 − x2
r
u √ u 2 u 2
3 −x2 √ − x2
u u
3 t t
3 3
√
1 x 1 3x
= √ arcsen √ + c = √ arcsen √ + c
3 √ 2 3 2
3
!
3 7
Z
9.41. 2
−√ dx
1+x 1 − x2
Solución:
!
3 7 3dx 7dx dx dx
Z Z Z Z Z
2
−√ dx = 2
− √ =3 2
−7 √
1+x 1−x 2 1+x 1−x 2 1+x 1 − x2
= 3 arctg x − 7 arcsen x + c
!
5 7
Z
9.42. 2
−√ dx
2+x 2 − x2
Solución:
! !
5 7 5 7 5 7
Z Z Z
− √ dx = −√ dx = √ −q√ dx
2 + x2 2 − x2 x2 + 2 2 − x2 x2 + ( 2 )2 2 2
( 2) − x
5dx 7dx dx dx
Z Z Z Z
= √ − q√ =5 √ −7 q √
x2 + ( 2 )2 ( 2) 2 − x2 x 2 + ( 2 )2
( 2) 2 − x2
1 x 1 x 5 x 7 x
= 5 · √ arctg √ − 7 · √ arcsen √ + c = √ arctg √ − √ arcsen √ + c
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
!
2 8
Z
9.43. √ + dx
1 − x2 1 + x2
Solución:
!
2 8 2dx 8dx dx dx
Z Z Z Z Z
√ + 2
dx = √ + 2
=2 √ +8
1−x 2 1 + x 1−x 2 1 + x 1−x 2 1 + x2
= 2 arcsen x + 8 arctg x + c
√
3+ 1− x2
Z
9.44. √ dx
1 − x2
Solución:
√ √ ! √ !
3 + 1 − x2 3 1 − x2 3 1−x2
Z Z Z
√ dx = √ +√ dx = √ +√ dx
1 − x2 1 − x2 1 − x2 1 − x2 1−x2
!
3 3dx
Z Z Z
= √ + 1 dx = √ + dx
1 − x2 1 − x2
dx
Z Z
=3 √ + dx = 3 arcsen x + x + c
1 − x2
√
5 − 1 + x2
Z
9.45. √ dx
1 + x2
13
David Angel Huallata Choque
Solución:
√ √ ! √ !
5 − 1 + x2 5 1 + x2 5 1+x2
Z Z Z
√ dx = √ −√ dx = √ −√ dx
1 + x2 1 + x2 1 + x2 1 + x2 1+x2
!
5 5dx
Z Z Z
= √ − 1 dx = √ − dx
1 + x2 1 + x2
dx
Z Z p
=5 √ − dx = 5 ln|x + 1 + x2 | + x + c
1+x 2
Z √ √
3 − x + 3 + x2
2
9.46. √ dx
9 − x4
Solución:
Z √ √ Z √ √ Z √ √
3 − x2 + 3 + x2 3 − x2 + 3 + x2 3 − x2 + 3 + x2
√ dx = p dx = p dx
9 − x4 32 − (x2 )2 (3 − x2 )(3 + x2 )
Z √ √ √ √ !
3 − x2 + 3 + x2 3 − x2 3 + x2
Z
= √ √ dx = √ √ +√ √ dx
3 − x2 3 + x2 3 − x2 3 + x2 3 − x2 3 + x2
√ √ ! !
3−x2 3+x2 1 1
Z Z
= √ √ +√ √ dx = √ +√ dx
3−x2 3 + x2 3 − x2 3+x2 3 + x2 3 − x2
dx dx dx dx
Z Z Z Z
= √ + √ = √ + √
3+ x2 3− x2
+3 3 − x2 x2
Z
dx
Z
dx
q √ x
= q √ + q√ = ln x + x2 + ( 3 )2 + arcsen √ + c
x2 + ( 3 )2 ( 3 )2 − x2 3
p x
= ln x + x2 + 3 + arcsen √ + c
3
!
3e−x
Z
x
9.47. e 5+ 4 dx
x
Solución:
!
3e−x
Z Z Z
x
e 5+ 4 dx = ex (5 + 3e−x x−4 )dx = (5ex + 3ex · e−x x−4 )dx
x
Z Z
= (5ex + 3ex−x x−4 )dx = (5ex + 3e0 x−4 )dx
Z Z
= (5ex + 3 · 1 · x−4 )dx = (5ex + 3x−4 )dx
Z Z Z Z
−4
= x
5e dx + 3x dx = 5 x
e dx + 3 x−4 dx
x−4+1 x−3
= 5e2 + 3 + c = 5e2 + 3 +c
−4 + 1 −3
3 1 1
= 5e2 − · 3 + c = 5e2 − 3 + c
! 3 x x
e−x
Z
9.48. ex 1− dx
x3
Solución:
!
e−x
Z Z Z
e 1 − 3 dx = ex (1 − e−x x−3 )dx = (ex − ex · e−x x−3 )dx
x
x
14
David Angel Huallata Choque
Z Z
= (ex − ex−x x−3 )dx = (ex − e0 x−3 )dx
Z Z
= (ex − 1 · x−3 )dx = (ex − x−3 )dx
x−3+1
Z Z
= ex dx − x−3 dx = ex − +c
−3 + 1
x−2 1
= ex − + c = ex + 2 + c
−2 2x
e2x − 1
Z
9.49. dx
ex − 1
Solución:
Z 2x
e −1 (ex )2 − 12 (ex − 1)(ex + 1)
Z Z
dx = dx = dx
ex − 1 ex − 1 ex − 1
(ex−1)(ex + 1)
Z Z
(ex + 1)dx
= dx =
ex
−1
Z Z
= e dx + dx = ex + x + c
x
Z
9.50. 2x · 32x · 53x dx
Solución:
Z Z Z
2 · 3 · 5 dx = (2 · 3 · 5 ) dx = (2 · 9 · 25)x dx
x 2x 3x 2 3 x
2250x
Z
= 2250x dx = +c
ln 2250
Z
9.51. e3x · 3x dx
Solución:
(e3 3)x
Z Z
e · 3 dx = (e3 3)x dx =
3x x
+c
ln e3 3
e3x 3x e3x 3x
= + c = +c
ln e3 + ln 3 3ln e + ln 3
e3x 3x e3x 3x
= +c= +c
3 · 1 + ln 3 3 + ln 3
Z 2x
3 − 5x
9.52. dx
3x
Solución:
Z 2x ! x ! x
3 − 5x 32x 5x 32
5
Z Z
dx = dx = − x − dx
3x 3x 3 3 3
Z x x ! x !
9 5 5
Z
x
= − dx = 3 − dx
3 3 3
x
5
Z x x
5 3
Z
3
= 3x dx − dx = − +c
3 ln 3 5
ln
3
Z x+2
5 + 7x+1
9.53. dx
35x
15
David Angel Huallata Choque
Solución:
Z x+2
+ 7x+1
Z x 2
5 5 + 7x 7
Z x 2
5 5 5 + 7x 7
dx = dx = dx
35x (5 · 7)x 5x 7x
! !
5x 52 7x 7 5x 2
5 x
7 7
Z Z
= + dx = x x+ x dx
5x 7x 5x 7x 5
7 5 7x
!
52 7
Z Z
= + dx = (52 · 7−x + 7 · 5−x )dx
7x 5x
Z Z Z
25(7−1 )x + 7(5−1 )x dx = 25(7−1 )x dx + 7(5−1 )x dx
=
(7−1 )x (5−1 )x
Z Z
= 25 (7−1 )x dx + 7 (5−1 )x dx = 25 + 7 +c
ln 7−1 ln 5−1
1 1
7−x 5−x x x
= 25 +7 + c = −25 7 − 7 5 + c
−1 · ln 7 −1 · ln 5 ln 7 ln 5
1 1 25 7
= −25 −7 x +c=− x − x +c
7x ln 7 5 ln 5 7 ln 7 5 ln 5
2x−1 + 3x+1
Z
9.54. dx
15x
Solución:
Z x −1 !
2x 2−1 3x 3
Z x−1
2 + 3x+1 2 2 + 3x 3
Z
dx = dx = + x dx
15x 15x 15x 15
! !
2x 1 3x 3 1 2 x 3x 3
Z Z
= · + dx = + x x dx
15x 2 (3 · 5)x 2 15 3 5
! !
1 2 x x
1 2 x
3 3 3
Z Z
= + x x dx = + x dx
2 15 3 5
2 15 5
! !
1 2 x 1 2 x
Z Z
−x −1 x
= +3·5 dx = + 3(5 ) dx
2 15 2 15
Z x Z x
1 2 1 2
Z Z
= dx + 3(5−1 )x dx = dx + 3 (5−1 )x dx
2 15 2 15
x x
2 2
−1 x
1 15 (5 ) 15 3 · 5−x
= · +3 −1
+c= + +c
2 2 ln 5 2 −1 · ln 5
ln 2 ln
15 15
x
2
15 3
= − x +c
2 5 ln 5
2 ln
15
!
2−x
Z
x
9.55. 2 1− √ dx
x5
Solución:
! !
2−x 2−x
Z Z Z
5
x
2 1− √ dx = 2x 1− 5 dx = 2x (1 − 2−x · x− 2 )dx
x5 x 2
16
David Angel Huallata Choque
Z Z
5 5
= (2x − 2x · 2−x · x− 2 )dx = (2x − 2x−x · x− 2 )dx
Z Z
5 5
= (2x − 20 · x− 2 )dx = (2x − 1 · x− 2 )dx
Z Z Z
5 5
= (2x − x− 2 )dx = 2x dx − x− 2 dx
5 3
2x x− 2 +1 2x x− 2
= − 5 +c= − 3 +c
ln 2 − 2 + 1 ln 2 −2
2x 2 1 2x 2 1
= + · 3 +c= + · √ +c
ln 2 3 x 2 ln 2 3 x3
2x 2 1 2x 2
= + · √ +c= + √ +c
ln 2 3 x x ln 2 3x x
!
a−x
Z
9.56. ax 1+ √
4
dx
x3
Solución:
! !
a−x a−x
Z Z Z
3
x
a 1+ √ 4
dx = a 1 + 3 dx = ax (1 + a−x · x− 4 )dx
x
x 3 x4
Z Z
3 3
= (ax + ax · a−x · x− 4 )dx = (ax + ax−x · x− 4 )dx
Z Z
3 3
= (ax + a0 · x− 4 )dx = (ax + 1 · x− 4 )dx
Z Z Z
3 3
= (ax + x− 4 )dx = ax dx + x− 4 dx
3 1
ax x− 4 +1 ax x4
= + 3 +c= + 1 +c
ln a − 4 + 1 ln a 4
ax 4 1 ax √
= + · x4 + c = +44x+c
ln a 1 ln a
x
Z
9.57. cos2 dx
2
Solución:
Z
x 1 + cos x
Z Z
1 cos x
cos2 dx = dx = + dx
2 2 2 2
1 1
Z Z Z Z
dx cos x dx
= + = dx + cos x dx
2 2 2 2
1 1
= x + sen x + c
Z 2 2
9.58. tg 2 x dx
Solución:
Z Z Z Z
2 1 dx
tg x dx = − 1 dx = − dx = tg x − x + c
cos2 x cos2 x
Z
9.59. ctg 2 x dx
Solución:
Z Z Z Z
1 dx
ctg 2 x dx = − 1 dx = − dx = −ctg x − x + x
sen2 x sen2 x
17
David Angel Huallata Choque
Z
9.60. (3 sen x − 4 cos x)dx
Solución:
Z Z Z Z Z
(3 sen x − 4 cos x)dx = 3 sen x dx − 4 cos x dx = 3 sen x dx − 4 cos x dx
18
David Angel Huallata Choque
Z Z Z
1 1 1 1 dx dx
= − dx = −
2 sen2 x cos2 x 2 sen2 x cos2 x
1 1 1
= − ctg x − tg x + c = − ctg x − tg x + c
2 2 2
Z
9.66. (x2 + 2 sen x − 3ex )dx
Solución:
Z Z Z Z
(x + 2 sen x − 3e )dx = x dx + 2 sen x dx − 3ex dx
2 x 2
Z Z Z
2
= x dx + 2 sen x dx − 3 ex dx
x2+1
= + 2(−cos x) − 3ex + c
2+1
1
= x3 − 2 cos x − 3ex + c
3
3tg 2 x + 4
Z
9.67. dx
sen2 x
Solución:
2
Z 2 Z 2
Z 3 sen x
3tg x + 4 3tg x 4 cos2x 4
dx = + dx = + dx
sen2 x sen2 x sen2 x sen2 x sen2 x
2
Z 3 sen x
3sen2 x
Z
cos 2x 4 4
= + dx = + dx
sen2 x sen2 x sen2 x cos2 x sen2 x
Z
3 2
sen x 4
Z
3 4
= 2 + dx = + dx
sen
x cos2 x sen2 x cos2 x sen2 x
Z Z Z Z
3dx 4dx dx dx
= + =3 +4
cos2 x sen2 x cos2 x sen2 x
= 3 tg x + 4(−ctg x) + c = 3 tg x − 4 ctg x + c
Z
2
9.68. + 3 sen x − 5 dx
sen2 x
Solución:
Z Z Z Z
2 2dx
+ 3 sen x − 5 dx = + 3 sen x dx − 5dx
sen2 x sen2 x
Z Z Z
dx
=2 + 3 sen x dx − 5 dx
sen2 x
= 2(−ctg x) + 3(−cos x) − 5x + c
= − 2ctg x − 3 cos x − 5x + c
1 + cos2 x
Z
9.69. dx
1 + cos 2x
Solución:
1 + cos2 x 1 + cos2 x 1 + cos2 x
Z Z Z
1
dx = dx = dx
1 + cos 2x 2 cos2 x 2 cos2 x
cos2 x
Z Z
1 1 1 1
= + dx = + 1 dx
2 cos2 x cos2 x 2 cos2 x
Z Z
1 dx 1
= + dx = (tg x + x) + c
2 cos2 x 2
19
David Angel Huallata Choque
1 1
= tg x + x + c
Z 2 2
dx
9.70.
1 + cos 2x
Solución:
Z Z Z
dx dx 1 dx 1
= = = tg x + c
1 + cos 2x 2 cos2 x 2 cos2 x 2
20