This paper examines principle-based corporate governance (CG) and the economic performance of the... more This paper examines principle-based corporate governance (CG) and the economic performance of the Fijian economy. A comprehensive study for three public cooperations, namely the National Bank of Fiji (NBF), Fiji Sugar Cooperation (FSC), and Fiji National Provident Fund (FNPF), is undertaken. The economic assessment of the Fijian economy exists from the period 2017 to 2021, and immense discussion related to the GDP growth rate and export markets has been conducted. The research paper adopts a case study method, and reference has been made to company reports and existing literature to conclude on the compliance of CG virtues. The findings reveal that FNPF, NBF, and FSC experienced corporate collapse due to deficiencies, deception, and improper CG practice. The failure of NBF was a major blow on the Fijian economy, while large losses from FSC imposed risk on the stakeholders of the sugar industry. FNPF had also managed to overcome the write-off of 2010 with the help of good CG, but the wrong decisions by the relevant authorities had created fear among the retirement savers. The selected cooperations reveal important lessons for other Fijian companies. Although the research does not determine the CG index or compare the practice of CG between public and private firms, the achieved results point out the need to make companies follow the principles of CG and train personnel to instil ethical behaviours, transparency, and accountability.
International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2018
This study investigates the short run and long run relationship between real interest rate and in... more This study investigates the short run and long run relationship between real interest rate and investment for selected PICs using a PMG - Panel ARDL approach for the period 1980 to 2016. The study reveals a significant negative relationship between real interest rate and investment in long run while a positive relationship in short run across all PICs, except for Samoa. The PMG results further show that economic variables such as growth rate, communication, foreign investment, aid and real exchange rate are investment creating in the long run while savings rate is investment reducing. In the short run only foreign direct investment and economic growth is investment creating while all other variables are investment reducing. The speed of adjustment is also a good predictor and reflected that stability will be restored across all countries in the long run. The achieved results have important policy implication for the PICs.
Teaching and learning has become quite difficult at this time of era when students are showing mo... more Teaching and learning has become quite difficult at this time of era when students are showing more interest in communicational technologies such as Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp, published internet contents, mobile phones for instant messages and photographs, video games, television series, outdoor and fun activities and an environment bounded by less traditions and more of social freedom. These are the " new Millennials " , the current generation who are turning their focus away from books and libraries to a more digital environment which is believed to provide them with better knowledge and skills. Today, technology is indeed very important for improvements in teaching and learning, for enhanced productivity and for effective communication purposes. This paper discusses a few important strategies that teachers should ensure for effective delivery of the course content as well as a way to boost students performance in this modern era.
The Covid-19 pandemic wrecked international tourism, which went through a crisis of incomparable ... more The Covid-19 pandemic wrecked international tourism, which went through a crisis of incomparable proportions. The latest assessment released in December 2021 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) shows that it was tourism that "suffered the greatest crisis in 2020". International arrivals had plunged by 73 per cent. The Covid-19 pandemic led almost all nations to impose a wide range of restrictions on world travel, including border closures to tourists, some of which are still continuing.
Since the late 1990s, the funds remitted by migrant workers increased on a regular basis, mostly ... more Since the late 1990s, the funds remitted by migrant workers increased on a regular basis, mostly monthly, due to globalization and open economic policies. Though small in value at a given time, the total often exceeds those sent by other categories of overseas residents. The remittances were sent as a gift or help with no expectation of any return. IMF called these remittances as "unrequited transfers of funds" in the Balance of Payments until early 2000. The term "unrequited" means the absence of any quid-pro-quo element. The remitting person knew and wanted the recipient families to spend the remittances on food, shelter, children's education, medical services, and caring for the old, sickly, and the like.
This paper examines principle-based corporate governance (CG) and the economic performance of the... more This paper examines principle-based corporate governance (CG) and the economic performance of the Fijian economy. A comprehensive study for three public cooperations, namely the National Bank of Fiji (NBF), Fiji Sugar Cooperation (FSC), and Fiji National Provident Fund (FNPF), is undertaken. The economic assessment of the Fijian economy exists from the period 2017 to 2021, and immense discussion related to the GDP growth rate and export markets has been conducted. The research paper adopts a case study method, and reference has been made to company reports and existing literature to conclude on the compliance of CG virtues. The findings reveal that FNPF, NBF, and FSC experienced corporate collapse due to deficiencies, deception, and improper CG practice. The failure of NBF was a major blow on the Fijian economy, while large losses from FSC imposed risk on the stakeholders of the sugar industry. FNPF had also managed to overcome the write-off of 2010 with the help of good CG, but the wrong decisions by the relevant authorities had created fear among the retirement savers. The selected cooperations reveal important lessons for other Fijian companies. Although the research does not determine the CG index or compare the practice of CG between public and private firms, the achieved results point out the need to make companies follow the principles of CG and train personnel to instil ethical behaviours, transparency, and accountability.
International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2018
This study investigates the short run and long run relationship between real interest rate and in... more This study investigates the short run and long run relationship between real interest rate and investment for selected PICs using a PMG - Panel ARDL approach for the period 1980 to 2016. The study reveals a significant negative relationship between real interest rate and investment in long run while a positive relationship in short run across all PICs, except for Samoa. The PMG results further show that economic variables such as growth rate, communication, foreign investment, aid and real exchange rate are investment creating in the long run while savings rate is investment reducing. In the short run only foreign direct investment and economic growth is investment creating while all other variables are investment reducing. The speed of adjustment is also a good predictor and reflected that stability will be restored across all countries in the long run. The achieved results have important policy implication for the PICs.
Teaching and learning has become quite difficult at this time of era when students are showing mo... more Teaching and learning has become quite difficult at this time of era when students are showing more interest in communicational technologies such as Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp, published internet contents, mobile phones for instant messages and photographs, video games, television series, outdoor and fun activities and an environment bounded by less traditions and more of social freedom. These are the " new Millennials " , the current generation who are turning their focus away from books and libraries to a more digital environment which is believed to provide them with better knowledge and skills. Today, technology is indeed very important for improvements in teaching and learning, for enhanced productivity and for effective communication purposes. This paper discusses a few important strategies that teachers should ensure for effective delivery of the course content as well as a way to boost students performance in this modern era.
The Covid-19 pandemic wrecked international tourism, which went through a crisis of incomparable ... more The Covid-19 pandemic wrecked international tourism, which went through a crisis of incomparable proportions. The latest assessment released in December 2021 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) shows that it was tourism that "suffered the greatest crisis in 2020". International arrivals had plunged by 73 per cent. The Covid-19 pandemic led almost all nations to impose a wide range of restrictions on world travel, including border closures to tourists, some of which are still continuing.
Since the late 1990s, the funds remitted by migrant workers increased on a regular basis, mostly ... more Since the late 1990s, the funds remitted by migrant workers increased on a regular basis, mostly monthly, due to globalization and open economic policies. Though small in value at a given time, the total often exceeds those sent by other categories of overseas residents. The remittances were sent as a gift or help with no expectation of any return. IMF called these remittances as "unrequited transfers of funds" in the Balance of Payments until early 2000. The term "unrequited" means the absence of any quid-pro-quo element. The remitting person knew and wanted the recipient families to spend the remittances on food, shelter, children's education, medical services, and caring for the old, sickly, and the like.
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