Papers by Ahmed I B R A H I M Razooqi
Ahmed Ibrahim RAZOOQI, 2022
In this paper, a cold multi-pass extrusion process for a 15mm in diameter solid 2024-T3 aluminum ... more In this paper, a cold multi-pass extrusion process for a 15mm in diameter solid 2024-T3 aluminum alloy rod was carried out using three dies to obtain three different diameters of 14mm, 13mm, and 12mm. The microstructure, hardness, and corrosion behavior were investigated before and after the extrusion process. Load-Displacement data were recorded during each extrusion process. The electrochemical corrosion test was made in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution using potentiostat instrument under static potentials test. Corrosion current was recorded to determine the corrosion rate for specimens. The results showed that the extrusion load increased with the number of extrusion passes, which is also seen in hardness test results. In addition, the corrosion rate decreased with the increase in the number of extrusion passes. This is due to severe plastic deformation, which generates a fine grain structure of (AlCu) and (AlCuMg) components.
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ahmed ibrahim razooqi, 2019
Effect of Solution heat treatment on microstructure and "pitting corrosion "of the austenitic sta... more Effect of Solution heat treatment on microstructure and "pitting corrosion "of the austenitic stainless steel (316 L) is actualized.Agreeing to "ASTM (G71-31)" a figure of samples for corrosion inspection were prepared with the dimensions of (15 * 15 * 3) mm then divided into sets and heated in electrical furnace at (1060C)for half hour some of them were quenched in distilled water and the other quench by distil water with (PVA)which added at different percentage(0.3,0.5,0.7,0.9%)gm/liter. Microstructure of all specimens were examined also the corrosion conduct using simulation body fluid. Results of microstructure examination show appearance of many phases. The corrosion rate of all specimens which subjected to solution heat treatment was higher comparing with the corrosion rate of base alloy. Solution heat treatment in distil water and in distil water with high percentage of PVA (0.7, 0.9) contributed in increases in corrosion rate but when decreases the percentage to (0.3,0.5) the corrosion rate was decreased due to the increases in cooling rate .
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Study the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir spot welding of carbon steel 1006 to aluminum alloy aa2024-t3
Friction stir spot welding-FSSW has been suggested as effectual process to welding difficult mate... more Friction stir spot welding-FSSW has been suggested as effectual process to welding difficult materials such as dissimilar materials and thin sheet of metal alloys. In this study, using dissimilar materials were welded carbon steel-1006 on upper plate and aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 on lower plate. Macrostructure, micro-structural analysis and mechanical properties of the joints are done. The effect of penetration depth, dwell time and spindle speed on tensile shear load are investigated with invariable of other parameter during welding process. The maximum tensile shear load (3.31KN) was occurred when using 0.4mm of penetration depth, 10 sec of dwell time and 1400 rpm of spindle speed. Also, two type of failure shape was observed interfacial fracture of carbon steel sheet and pull-out fracture of AA2024-T3 sheet.
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The experimental and numerical analysis was performed on pipes suffering large plastic deformatio... more The experimental and numerical analysis was performed on pipes suffering large plastic deformation through expanding them using rigid conical shaped mandrels, with three different cone angles (15 • , 25 • , 35 •) and diameters (15, 17, 20) mm. The experimental test for the strain results investigated the expanded areas. A numerical solution of the pipes expansion process was also investigated using the commercial finite element software ANSYS. The strains were measured for each case experimentally by stamping the mesh on the pipe after expanding, then compared with Ansys results. No cracks were generated during the process with the selected angles. It can be concluded that the strain decreased with greater angles of conical shape and an increase in expansion ratio results in an increase of expansion force and a decrease in the pipe thickness and length resulting in pipe thinning and shortening. Good agreement is evident between experimental and ANSYS results within discrepancy (16.90017%) in the X direction and (27.68698%) in the Y direction. Also, the stress distribution is investigated and it can be concluded that the case of Diameter (D o cone) = 35mm and (A) = α = 15° is the optimum.
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The influence of low temperature liquid nitriding as a surface heat treatment analogy with laser ... more The influence of low temperature liquid nitriding as a surface heat treatment analogy with laser peening treatment at the various of throbs on pitting corrosion of the " AISI 316L Austenitic stainless steel " is investigated in this paper. According to typical ASTM (G71-31) a number of corrosion examination samples are equipped with the measurements of (15 * 15 * 3) mm which distributed into the many groups. Three sets were exposed to liquid nit riding process at temperatures of (500, 400, 300) C o for one hour. The specimens (without coating) were exposed to a number of the throbs (1,2,3) by laser peening. Microstructure varia tions, compression residual stress, hardness, were inspected in this work. The corrosion and its variables (potential cell, current density) were also evaluated using the potential stat examination and applying the Tafel method using saltwater solution (3.5% NaCl). Tafle equation was used to compute the corrosion degree. The results revealed that the liquid nitriding participated to raise the corrosion rate at (500) C o , compared to the original metal because of chromium nitride and also leaser peening participated to the increase in the corrosion rate due to plastic deformation which led to the heterogeneity in the microstructure but liquid nitriding at temperature (400) o C gave the best result where it was closer to the parent metal's, also laser peening at one throb showed the lower corrosion rate.
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In this work the design and manufacturing of slotted cylinder springs are made. The manufacturing... more In this work the design and manufacturing of slotted cylinder springs are made. The manufacturing process is complicated compared to the conventional one, It need five axis CNC machine which is not found here, so the manufacturing of the slotted cylinder springs was done in the conventional manner using milling and lathe machines .Hence the products were perfect. Static and dynamic tests have been done. Several cases are studied with different slots ,first case the two, three, four and five slots with circular cross section and the second case an elliptical cross section also with two, three, four and five slots and the third case the circular cross section of the slotted cylinder spring with three and four slots and with different sizes.
The main aim of this work is to investigate the behavior and strength of the slotted cylinder spring experimentally and by using finite element method via ANSYS software. All cases are analyzed to consider the influence of the number of slots, cross section shape, and number of slotted cylinder spring sections. It can be deduced from the static analysis that the stiffness of the slotted cylinder spring in case of four slots is more than three slots, but the distribution of the deflection along the spring is the same. From modal analysis, it can be deduced that the natural frequency of four slotted cylinder springs is higher than that of three slots. ANSYS results have been compared with theoretical results and found to be having good agreement. The Comparison with the helical and slotted cylinder springs the slotted cylinder spring has been deduced to have lesser stress and has the most stiffness value. It can be deduced that the stiffness of spring for the slotted cylinder spring is much larger than that of helical spring and the stiffness of slotted cylinder spring increases with the number of slots per section.
Results indicate that the type of slotted spring can withstand more load than the helical classic of one to five sizes with different slots (three and four) examined experimentally with more than 2 ton loading and it was found that slotted cylinder spring with diameter 43.3 mm had no crack while the others were cracked. Detection shows that the three slot spring failed while the four slots spring remained with no failure. The natural frequency of the slotted cylinder spring are determine experimentally and Ansys. Good agreements are evident with lowest error. The response at the bottom of the slotted spring is zero and increases toward the top of the spring for each case but generally the response of the spring with three slots is more than that of four slots.
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Abstract
Slotted cylinder spring (SCS) is a unique and unusual spring with special properties and... more Abstract
Slotted cylinder spring (SCS) is a unique and unusual spring with special properties and configuration. There is a little or even no literature on its behavior under static and dynamic modes of stresses. In this research an attempt was made to study the characteristics of such a spring under both static and dynamic loading using a finite element method with the aid of ANSYS11 program. Two cases were studied, one with three slots and the other with four slots. Five modes shapes of each case were employed. The transient analysis due to impact and static loadings were presented.
The results showed that the SCS are more complicated in compression with the conventional helical compression springs regarding the deflection resulted from applying static or dynamic loads. The SCS is capable of absorbing loads to such a range which is impossible in the case of conventional spring. It is very clear that the stiffness of a four slots springs was higher than that of three slots, even through the distribution of the deflection along the spring was the same. The natural frequency of the four slots spring is much higher than that of three slots spring. In the case of the impact loading, the results showed that the response at the bottom of the spring is zero and gradually increased toward the top of the spring. This was more obvious in the case of three slots spring.
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CERTIFICATION
Ahmed Ibrahim Razooqi(Technical College Engineering Baghdad)
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Helical and slotted cylinder springs are indispensable elements in mechanical engineering. This p... more Helical and slotted cylinder springs are indispensable elements in mechanical engineering. This paper investigates helical and slotted cylinder springs subjected to axial loads under static and dynamic conditions. The objective is to determine the stiffness of a circular cross-section helical coil compression spring and slotted cylinder springs with five sizes and dynamic characteristics. A theoretical and finite element models are developed and presented in order to describe the various steps undertaken to calculate the spring’s stiffnesses. Five cases of the spring’s geometric are presented. A finite element model was generated using ANSYS software and the stiffness matrix evaluated by applying a load along the spring’s axis, then calculating the corresponding changes in deformation. The stiffness is obtained by solving the changes of load and deformation. The natural frequencies, mode shapes and transient response of springs are also determined. Finally, a comparison of the stiffnesses are obtained using the theoretical methods and those obtained from the finite element analysis were made and good agreement are evident and it can be found that the stiffness of spring for the slotted cylinder spring is much larger than that for helical spring and the stiffness for slotted cylinder spring increases with the number of slots per section. Natural frequencies, mode shape and transient response of helical spring and slotted cylinder spring have been represented in ANSYS software and results have been compared and it found that the natural frequency has also increased in the same proportion of stiffness because the natural frequency is directly proportional to the stiffness for all the cases that have been studied.
Keywords: ANSYS, Finite Element Analysis, Helical Spring, Slotted Cylinder Spring, Stiffness.
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work local by Ahmed I B R A H I M Razooqi
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Papers by Ahmed I B R A H I M Razooqi
The main aim of this work is to investigate the behavior and strength of the slotted cylinder spring experimentally and by using finite element method via ANSYS software. All cases are analyzed to consider the influence of the number of slots, cross section shape, and number of slotted cylinder spring sections. It can be deduced from the static analysis that the stiffness of the slotted cylinder spring in case of four slots is more than three slots, but the distribution of the deflection along the spring is the same. From modal analysis, it can be deduced that the natural frequency of four slotted cylinder springs is higher than that of three slots. ANSYS results have been compared with theoretical results and found to be having good agreement. The Comparison with the helical and slotted cylinder springs the slotted cylinder spring has been deduced to have lesser stress and has the most stiffness value. It can be deduced that the stiffness of spring for the slotted cylinder spring is much larger than that of helical spring and the stiffness of slotted cylinder spring increases with the number of slots per section.
Results indicate that the type of slotted spring can withstand more load than the helical classic of one to five sizes with different slots (three and four) examined experimentally with more than 2 ton loading and it was found that slotted cylinder spring with diameter 43.3 mm had no crack while the others were cracked. Detection shows that the three slot spring failed while the four slots spring remained with no failure. The natural frequency of the slotted cylinder spring are determine experimentally and Ansys. Good agreements are evident with lowest error. The response at the bottom of the slotted spring is zero and increases toward the top of the spring for each case but generally the response of the spring with three slots is more than that of four slots.
Slotted cylinder spring (SCS) is a unique and unusual spring with special properties and configuration. There is a little or even no literature on its behavior under static and dynamic modes of stresses. In this research an attempt was made to study the characteristics of such a spring under both static and dynamic loading using a finite element method with the aid of ANSYS11 program. Two cases were studied, one with three slots and the other with four slots. Five modes shapes of each case were employed. The transient analysis due to impact and static loadings were presented.
The results showed that the SCS are more complicated in compression with the conventional helical compression springs regarding the deflection resulted from applying static or dynamic loads. The SCS is capable of absorbing loads to such a range which is impossible in the case of conventional spring. It is very clear that the stiffness of a four slots springs was higher than that of three slots, even through the distribution of the deflection along the spring was the same. The natural frequency of the four slots spring is much higher than that of three slots spring. In the case of the impact loading, the results showed that the response at the bottom of the spring is zero and gradually increased toward the top of the spring. This was more obvious in the case of three slots spring.
Keywords: ANSYS, Finite Element Analysis, Helical Spring, Slotted Cylinder Spring, Stiffness.
work local by Ahmed I B R A H I M Razooqi
The main aim of this work is to investigate the behavior and strength of the slotted cylinder spring experimentally and by using finite element method via ANSYS software. All cases are analyzed to consider the influence of the number of slots, cross section shape, and number of slotted cylinder spring sections. It can be deduced from the static analysis that the stiffness of the slotted cylinder spring in case of four slots is more than three slots, but the distribution of the deflection along the spring is the same. From modal analysis, it can be deduced that the natural frequency of four slotted cylinder springs is higher than that of three slots. ANSYS results have been compared with theoretical results and found to be having good agreement. The Comparison with the helical and slotted cylinder springs the slotted cylinder spring has been deduced to have lesser stress and has the most stiffness value. It can be deduced that the stiffness of spring for the slotted cylinder spring is much larger than that of helical spring and the stiffness of slotted cylinder spring increases with the number of slots per section.
Results indicate that the type of slotted spring can withstand more load than the helical classic of one to five sizes with different slots (three and four) examined experimentally with more than 2 ton loading and it was found that slotted cylinder spring with diameter 43.3 mm had no crack while the others were cracked. Detection shows that the three slot spring failed while the four slots spring remained with no failure. The natural frequency of the slotted cylinder spring are determine experimentally and Ansys. Good agreements are evident with lowest error. The response at the bottom of the slotted spring is zero and increases toward the top of the spring for each case but generally the response of the spring with three slots is more than that of four slots.
Slotted cylinder spring (SCS) is a unique and unusual spring with special properties and configuration. There is a little or even no literature on its behavior under static and dynamic modes of stresses. In this research an attempt was made to study the characteristics of such a spring under both static and dynamic loading using a finite element method with the aid of ANSYS11 program. Two cases were studied, one with three slots and the other with four slots. Five modes shapes of each case were employed. The transient analysis due to impact and static loadings were presented.
The results showed that the SCS are more complicated in compression with the conventional helical compression springs regarding the deflection resulted from applying static or dynamic loads. The SCS is capable of absorbing loads to such a range which is impossible in the case of conventional spring. It is very clear that the stiffness of a four slots springs was higher than that of three slots, even through the distribution of the deflection along the spring was the same. The natural frequency of the four slots spring is much higher than that of three slots spring. In the case of the impact loading, the results showed that the response at the bottom of the spring is zero and gradually increased toward the top of the spring. This was more obvious in the case of three slots spring.
Keywords: ANSYS, Finite Element Analysis, Helical Spring, Slotted Cylinder Spring, Stiffness.