In the present work, the role of chemical compounds of one abundant vegetable waste, exhausted co... more In the present work, the role of chemical compounds of one abundant vegetable waste, exhausted coffee, on Cr(VI), Cu(II), and Ni(II) sorption has been investigated. For this purpose, exhausted coffee was subjected to sequential extractions by using dichloromethane (DCM), ethanol (EtOH), water, and NaOH 1 %. The raw and treated biomass resulting from the extractions were used for metal ions sorption. Sorption results were discussed taking into consideration polarity and functional groups of raw and treated biomass. In general, the successive removal of extractives led to an insignificant increase in the studied metal ions sorption after DCM, EtOH, and water. The sorption results using free-extractive materials showed that metal sorption can be effectively achieved without this non-structural fraction of the sorbent. Alkaline hydrolysis destroyed in part the structural compounds of the sorbent resulting in an insignificant decrease of chromium removal while a significant increase of copper and nickel sorption was observed. The determination of elemental ratios of exhausted coffee and all treated biomass evidenced the involvement of oxygen functional groups in copper and nickel sorption. FTIR analysis confirmed the involvement of lignin moieties in the chromium sorption by exhausted coffee. As a final remark, this study shows that the sequential extraction opens new expectations to the total valorisation of lignocellulosic-based biomasses. The extractives can be removed and used as a biosource of valuable compounds, and the resulting waste can be used as a sorbent for metal ions keeping the same capacity for metal sorption as the non-extracted biomass.
Abstract Diffusivity of a component in a binary mixture is affected by the presence of a second c... more Abstract Diffusivity of a component in a binary mixture is affected by the presence of a second component. The knowledge of the influence on each other component diffusivity is very useful for the prediction of sorption kinetics of binary mixtures. In this work kinetic studies of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) binary mixtures sorption onto exhausted coffee encapsulated in calcium alginate beads were carried out in both bench and pilot scale experiments. The spectroscopic analysis evidenced the complexity of the process since different mechanisms such as adsorption, redox reaction and ion exchange are involved. Experimental data were fitted to the Linear Adsorption Model (LAM). An empirical quadratic model was developed to estimate LAM parameters ( D e ) and α = C f /(C i − C f ) as a function of the initial concentration of metals in the mixture. The empirical model developed enables to estimate the LAM parameters ( D e and α ) of metal ions binary mixtures provided that the initial concentration of the metal ions is included in the range of concentrations studied. The estimated parameters introduced in LAM equation allow simulating the corresponding binary mixtures sorption kinetics. This study constitutes a fast and easy approach to the modelling of sorption kinetics of complex systems in which different processes take place simultaneously.
The present work aims at glimpsing the rate-determinant process parameters of TEMPO-mediated oxid... more The present work aims at glimpsing the rate-determinant process parameters of TEMPO-mediated oxidation of bleached kraft cellulose for developing kinetic models and real-time monitoring tools. This may contribute to the scaling up of this reaction, frequently used as precursor of the production of cellulose nanofibers. For this, the effect of temperature, TEMPO and NaBr contents, and surface area of the fibers was assessed by means of a total experimental batch of 18 combinations, monitoring the carboxyl content (CC) of the samples and the NaOH consumption during oxidation. The obtained data was used to calculate the kinetic constant as a function of the conditions, as well as correlating the CC with the NaOH consumption, obtaining a strong linear correlation between these parameters. It was found that similar correlations could be used regardless process conditions, except for the case of TEMPO, which was found to protect the fibers from depolymerization and, thus, having different...
More than half of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients develop central neuropathic pain (CNP), which... more More than half of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients develop central neuropathic pain (CNP), which is largely refractory to current treatments. Considering the preclinical evidence showing that polyphenolic compounds may exert antinociceptive effects, the present work aimed to study preventive effects on SCI-induced CNP development by repeated administration of two vegetal polyphenolic extracts: grape stalk extract (GSE) and coffee extract (CE). Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days postinjury. Then, gliosis, ERK phosphorylation and the expression of CCL2 and CX3CL1 chemokines and their receptors, CCR2 and CX3CR1, were analyzed in the spinal cord. Gliosis and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 expression were also analyzed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) since they are supraspinal structures involved in pain perception and modulation. GSE and CE treatments modulated pain behaviors accompanied by reduced gliosis in the...
Abstract Recently, the use of magnetic sorbents has gained a spread attention due to their eco-fr... more Abstract Recently, the use of magnetic sorbents has gained a spread attention due to their eco-friendly characteristic, ease of separation and low cost. Herein, a novel biocomposite sorbent magnetic pine cone gel beads (MPCB) was synthetized and investigated for the single and the simultaneous removal of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. Pine cones waste materials were first magnetized with Fe3O4 nanoparticles then were encapsulated in calcium gel beads. The physicochemical properties of the prepared MPCB were characterized via scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) analysis. The influences of pH, contact time and initial concentration of metal ions on the sorption process were examined. The adsorption mechanism was investigated; it mainly involved complexation/chelation with surface functional groups, electrostatic interaction and ion exchange. A physical model was adopted to attribute new physico-chemical interpretations of the adsorption mechanism. The kinetic results showed good correlation with pseudo second-order model and the equilibrium data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 68.64 and 212.22 mg g-1 for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) respectively. In the multi-components system, both competitive and synergistic effects were observed. An antagonism effect was exerted by Cu(II) ions on Cr(VI) sorption while Cu(II) adsorption was not affected and even slightly enhanced by the presence of Cr(V) ions. The competitive sorption behavior of metal ions was analyzed by the modified competitive Langmuir model which provides good fit for the Cu experimental data. This study proves that the MPCB hold great promise for using as effective sorbent for potentially toxic metals remediation.
Espresso extraction is generally carried out at a fixed temperature within the range 85-95°C. In ... more Espresso extraction is generally carried out at a fixed temperature within the range 85-95°C. In this work the extraction of the espressos was made in a new generation coffee machine that enables temperature profiling of the brewing water. The effect of using gradient of temperature to brew espressos on physicochemical and sensorial characteristics of the beverage has been investigated. Three different extraction temperature profiles were tested: updrawn gradient (88-93°C), downdrawn gradient (93-88°C) and fixed temperature (90°C). The coffee species investigated were Robusta, Arabica natural and Washed Arabica. Results proved that the use of gradient temperature for brewing espressos allows increasing or decreasing the extraction of some chemical compounds from coffee grounds. Moreover an appropriate gradient of temperature can highlight or hide some sensorial attributes. In conclusion, the possibility of programming gradient of temperature in the coffee machines recently introduce...
In this work the ability of some vegetable wastes from industrial processes such as cork and yohi... more In this work the ability of some vegetable wastes from industrial processes such as cork and yohimbe bark, grape stalks and olive pits, to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions has been investigated. The influence of pH, sodium chloride and metal concentration on Ni(II) and Cu(II) uptake was studied. Metal uptake showed in all the cases a pH-dependent profile. Maximum sorption was found at an initial pH around 5.0–6.0. In some cases an increase of sodium chloride concentration induced a decrease in metal removal. Adsorption isotherms at the optimum pH were expressed by the noncompetitive Langmuir adsorption model. When comparing the four materials, yohimbe bark waste was found to be the most efficient adsorbent for both metals studied.
It was recently shown that coffee polyphenolic extract exerts preventive effects on central neuro... more It was recently shown that coffee polyphenolic extract exerts preventive effects on central neuropathic pain development, but it is unknown whether its beneficial effects are associated with only one of its major polyphenolic compounds or if the whole extract is needed to exert such effects. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the separate administration of major polyphenols from coffee extract exerts preventive effects on the development of central neuropathic pain in mice compared with the effects of the whole coffee extract. Thus, spinal-cord-injured female ICR-CD1 mice were daily treated with either coffee extract or its major polyphenolic compounds during the first week, and reflexive and nonreflexive pain responses were evaluated within the acute phase of spinal cord injury. In addition, the injury-induced gliosis and dorsal horn sprouting were evaluated with immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the coffee extract prevented spinal cord injury-ind...
In the present work, the role of chemical compounds of one abundant vegetable waste, exhausted co... more In the present work, the role of chemical compounds of one abundant vegetable waste, exhausted coffee, on Cr(VI), Cu(II), and Ni(II) sorption has been investigated. For this purpose, exhausted coffee was subjected to sequential extractions by using dichloromethane (DCM), ethanol (EtOH), water, and NaOH 1 %. The raw and treated biomass resulting from the extractions were used for metal ions sorption. Sorption results were discussed taking into consideration polarity and functional groups of raw and treated biomass. In general, the successive removal of extractives led to an insignificant increase in the studied metal ions sorption after DCM, EtOH, and water. The sorption results using free-extractive materials showed that metal sorption can be effectively achieved without this non-structural fraction of the sorbent. Alkaline hydrolysis destroyed in part the structural compounds of the sorbent resulting in an insignificant decrease of chromium removal while a significant increase of copper and nickel sorption was observed. The determination of elemental ratios of exhausted coffee and all treated biomass evidenced the involvement of oxygen functional groups in copper and nickel sorption. FTIR analysis confirmed the involvement of lignin moieties in the chromium sorption by exhausted coffee. As a final remark, this study shows that the sequential extraction opens new expectations to the total valorisation of lignocellulosic-based biomasses. The extractives can be removed and used as a biosource of valuable compounds, and the resulting waste can be used as a sorbent for metal ions keeping the same capacity for metal sorption as the non-extracted biomass.
Abstract Diffusivity of a component in a binary mixture is affected by the presence of a second c... more Abstract Diffusivity of a component in a binary mixture is affected by the presence of a second component. The knowledge of the influence on each other component diffusivity is very useful for the prediction of sorption kinetics of binary mixtures. In this work kinetic studies of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) binary mixtures sorption onto exhausted coffee encapsulated in calcium alginate beads were carried out in both bench and pilot scale experiments. The spectroscopic analysis evidenced the complexity of the process since different mechanisms such as adsorption, redox reaction and ion exchange are involved. Experimental data were fitted to the Linear Adsorption Model (LAM). An empirical quadratic model was developed to estimate LAM parameters ( D e ) and α = C f /(C i − C f ) as a function of the initial concentration of metals in the mixture. The empirical model developed enables to estimate the LAM parameters ( D e and α ) of metal ions binary mixtures provided that the initial concentration of the metal ions is included in the range of concentrations studied. The estimated parameters introduced in LAM equation allow simulating the corresponding binary mixtures sorption kinetics. This study constitutes a fast and easy approach to the modelling of sorption kinetics of complex systems in which different processes take place simultaneously.
The present work aims at glimpsing the rate-determinant process parameters of TEMPO-mediated oxid... more The present work aims at glimpsing the rate-determinant process parameters of TEMPO-mediated oxidation of bleached kraft cellulose for developing kinetic models and real-time monitoring tools. This may contribute to the scaling up of this reaction, frequently used as precursor of the production of cellulose nanofibers. For this, the effect of temperature, TEMPO and NaBr contents, and surface area of the fibers was assessed by means of a total experimental batch of 18 combinations, monitoring the carboxyl content (CC) of the samples and the NaOH consumption during oxidation. The obtained data was used to calculate the kinetic constant as a function of the conditions, as well as correlating the CC with the NaOH consumption, obtaining a strong linear correlation between these parameters. It was found that similar correlations could be used regardless process conditions, except for the case of TEMPO, which was found to protect the fibers from depolymerization and, thus, having different...
More than half of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients develop central neuropathic pain (CNP), which... more More than half of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients develop central neuropathic pain (CNP), which is largely refractory to current treatments. Considering the preclinical evidence showing that polyphenolic compounds may exert antinociceptive effects, the present work aimed to study preventive effects on SCI-induced CNP development by repeated administration of two vegetal polyphenolic extracts: grape stalk extract (GSE) and coffee extract (CE). Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days postinjury. Then, gliosis, ERK phosphorylation and the expression of CCL2 and CX3CL1 chemokines and their receptors, CCR2 and CX3CR1, were analyzed in the spinal cord. Gliosis and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 expression were also analyzed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) since they are supraspinal structures involved in pain perception and modulation. GSE and CE treatments modulated pain behaviors accompanied by reduced gliosis in the...
Abstract Recently, the use of magnetic sorbents has gained a spread attention due to their eco-fr... more Abstract Recently, the use of magnetic sorbents has gained a spread attention due to their eco-friendly characteristic, ease of separation and low cost. Herein, a novel biocomposite sorbent magnetic pine cone gel beads (MPCB) was synthetized and investigated for the single and the simultaneous removal of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. Pine cones waste materials were first magnetized with Fe3O4 nanoparticles then were encapsulated in calcium gel beads. The physicochemical properties of the prepared MPCB were characterized via scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) analysis. The influences of pH, contact time and initial concentration of metal ions on the sorption process were examined. The adsorption mechanism was investigated; it mainly involved complexation/chelation with surface functional groups, electrostatic interaction and ion exchange. A physical model was adopted to attribute new physico-chemical interpretations of the adsorption mechanism. The kinetic results showed good correlation with pseudo second-order model and the equilibrium data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 68.64 and 212.22 mg g-1 for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) respectively. In the multi-components system, both competitive and synergistic effects were observed. An antagonism effect was exerted by Cu(II) ions on Cr(VI) sorption while Cu(II) adsorption was not affected and even slightly enhanced by the presence of Cr(V) ions. The competitive sorption behavior of metal ions was analyzed by the modified competitive Langmuir model which provides good fit for the Cu experimental data. This study proves that the MPCB hold great promise for using as effective sorbent for potentially toxic metals remediation.
Espresso extraction is generally carried out at a fixed temperature within the range 85-95°C. In ... more Espresso extraction is generally carried out at a fixed temperature within the range 85-95°C. In this work the extraction of the espressos was made in a new generation coffee machine that enables temperature profiling of the brewing water. The effect of using gradient of temperature to brew espressos on physicochemical and sensorial characteristics of the beverage has been investigated. Three different extraction temperature profiles were tested: updrawn gradient (88-93°C), downdrawn gradient (93-88°C) and fixed temperature (90°C). The coffee species investigated were Robusta, Arabica natural and Washed Arabica. Results proved that the use of gradient temperature for brewing espressos allows increasing or decreasing the extraction of some chemical compounds from coffee grounds. Moreover an appropriate gradient of temperature can highlight or hide some sensorial attributes. In conclusion, the possibility of programming gradient of temperature in the coffee machines recently introduce...
In this work the ability of some vegetable wastes from industrial processes such as cork and yohi... more In this work the ability of some vegetable wastes from industrial processes such as cork and yohimbe bark, grape stalks and olive pits, to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions has been investigated. The influence of pH, sodium chloride and metal concentration on Ni(II) and Cu(II) uptake was studied. Metal uptake showed in all the cases a pH-dependent profile. Maximum sorption was found at an initial pH around 5.0–6.0. In some cases an increase of sodium chloride concentration induced a decrease in metal removal. Adsorption isotherms at the optimum pH were expressed by the noncompetitive Langmuir adsorption model. When comparing the four materials, yohimbe bark waste was found to be the most efficient adsorbent for both metals studied.
It was recently shown that coffee polyphenolic extract exerts preventive effects on central neuro... more It was recently shown that coffee polyphenolic extract exerts preventive effects on central neuropathic pain development, but it is unknown whether its beneficial effects are associated with only one of its major polyphenolic compounds or if the whole extract is needed to exert such effects. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the separate administration of major polyphenols from coffee extract exerts preventive effects on the development of central neuropathic pain in mice compared with the effects of the whole coffee extract. Thus, spinal-cord-injured female ICR-CD1 mice were daily treated with either coffee extract or its major polyphenolic compounds during the first week, and reflexive and nonreflexive pain responses were evaluated within the acute phase of spinal cord injury. In addition, the injury-induced gliosis and dorsal horn sprouting were evaluated with immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the coffee extract prevented spinal cord injury-ind...
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