Word ladder

Signed-off-by: begeekmyfriend <begeekmyfriend@gmail.com>

Author: begeekmyfriend

030_substring_with_concatenation_of_all_words/concatenation.c

@@ -20,16 +20,27 @@ static inline int BKDRHash(char *s, size_t size)
 
 static int find(char *word, struct word_hash *table, int size)
 {
-    int i, first = 1, hash = BKDRHash(word, size);
-    for (i = hash; first || i != hash; i = ++i % size) { 
-        first = 0;
+    int hash = BKDRHash(word, size);
+    int i = hash;
+    do {
         if (table[i].freq > 0 && !strcmp(table[i].word, word)) {
             return i;
         }
-    }
+        i = ++i % size;
+    } while (i != hash);
     return -1;
 }
 
+static void add(char *word, struct word_hash *table, int size)
+{
+    int i, hash = BKDRHash(word, size);
+    for (i = hash; table[i].freq > 0 && strcmp(table[i].word, word); i = ++i % size) {}
+        if (table[i].freq == 0) {
+            table[i].word = word;
+        }
+        table[i].freq++;
+}
+
 /**
  ** Return an array of size *returnSize.
  ** Note: The returned array must be malloced, assume caller calls free().
@@ -44,7 +55,7 @@ static int *findSubstring(char *s, char **words, int wordsSize, int *returnSize)
     int i, j, cap = 500, count = 0;
     char *start = s;
     struct word_node *wn;
-    int hash_size = wordsSize;
+    int hash_size = wordsSize * 2;
     int len = strlen(words[0]);
     char *word = malloc(len + 1);
     int *indexes = malloc(cap * sizeof(int));
@@ -53,12 +64,7 @@ static int *findSubstring(char *s, char **words, int wordsSize, int *returnSize)
 
     memset(table, 0, hash_size * sizeof(*table));
     for (i = 0; i < wordsSize; i++) {
-        int hash = BKDRHash(words[i], hash_size);
-        for (j = hash; table[j].freq > 0 && strcmp(table[j].word, words[i]); j = ++j % hash_size) {}
-        if (table[j].freq == 0) {
-            table[j].word = words[i];
-        }
-        table[j].freq++;
+        add(words[i], table, hash_size);
     }
 
     word[len] = '\0';

127_word_ladder/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+all:
+	gcc -O2 -o test word_ladder.c

127_word_ladder/word_ladder.c

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+struct hlist_node;
+
+struct hlist_head {
+    struct hlist_node *first;
+};
+
+struct hlist_node {
+    struct hlist_node *next, **pprev;
+};
+
+static inline void INIT_HLIST_HEAD(struct hlist_head *h) {
+    h->first = NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void INIT_HLIST_NODE(struct hlist_node *n) {
+    n->next = NULL;
+    n->pprev = NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void hlist_add_head(struct hlist_node *n, struct hlist_head *h)
+{
+    if (h->first != NULL) {
+        h->first->pprev = &n->next;
+    }
+    n->next = h->first;
+    n->pprev = &h->first;
+    h->first = n;
+}
+
+struct list_head {
+    struct list_head *next, *prev;
+};
+
+static inline void
+INIT_LIST_HEAD(struct list_head *list)
+{
+    list->next = list->prev = list;
+}
+
+static inline int
+list_empty(const struct list_head *head)
+{
+    return (head->next == head);
+}
+
+static inline void
+__list_add(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *prev, struct list_head *next)
+{
+    next->prev = new;
+    new->next = next;
+    new->prev = prev;
+    prev->next = new;
+}
+
+static inline void
+list_add(struct list_head *_new, struct list_head *head)
+{
+    __list_add(_new, head, head->next);
+}
+
+static inline void
+list_add_tail(struct list_head *_new, struct list_head *head)
+{
+    __list_add(_new, head->prev, head);
+}
+
+static inline void
+__list_del(struct list_head *entry)
+{
+    entry->next->prev = entry->prev;
+    entry->prev->next = entry->next;
+}
+
+static inline void
+list_del(struct list_head *entry)
+{
+    __list_del(entry);
+    entry->next = entry->prev = NULL;
+}
+
+#define container_of(ptr, type, member) \
+    ((type *)((char *)(ptr) - (size_t)&(((type *)0)->member)))
+
+#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
+    container_of(ptr, type, member)
+
+#define list_first_entry(ptr, type, field)  list_entry((ptr)->next, type, field)
+#define list_last_entry(ptr, type, field)  list_entry((ptr)->prev, type, field)
+
+#define list_for_each(p, head) \
+    for (p = (head)->next; p != (head); p = p->next)
+
+#define list_for_each_safe(p, n, head) \
+    for (p = (head)->next, n = p->next; p != (head); p = n, n = p->next)
+
+#define hlist_for_each(pos, head) \
+    for (pos = (head)->first; pos; pos = pos->next)
+
+#define hlist_for_each_safe(pos, n, head) \
+    for (pos = (head)->first; pos && ({ n = pos->next; true; }); pos = n)
+
+struct word_node {
+    int step;
+    char *word;
+    struct hlist_node node;
+    struct list_head link;
+};
+
+static int BKDRHash(char* str, int size)
+{
+    int seed = 131; // 31 131 1313 13131 131313 etc.. 
+    unsigned int hash = 0 ;
+    while (*str != '\0') {
+        hash = hash * seed + (*str++);
+    }
+    return hash % size;
+}
+
+static struct word_node *find(char *word, struct hlist_head *hhead, int size)
+{
+    struct hlist_node *p;
+    int hash = BKDRHash(word, size);
+    hlist_for_each(p, &hhead[hash]) {
+        struct word_node *node = list_entry(p, struct word_node, node);
+        if (node->step == 0 && !strcmp(node->word, word)) {
+            return node;
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int ladderLength(char* beginWord, char* endWord, char** wordList, int wordListSize)
+{
+    int i, len = strlen(beginWord);
+    char *word = malloc(len + 1);
+    struct list_head queue;
+    struct word_node *node;
+
+    struct hlist_head *hhead = malloc(wordListSize * sizeof(*hhead));
+    for (i = 0; i < wordListSize; i++) {
+        INIT_HLIST_HEAD(hhead + i);
+    }
+
+    /* Add into hash list */
+    for (i = 0; i < wordListSize; i++) {
+        node = malloc(sizeof(*node));
+        node->word = wordList[i];
+        node->step = 0;
+        int hash = BKDRHash(wordList[i], wordListSize);
+        hlist_add_head(&node->node, &hhead[hash]);
+    }
+
+    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue);
+    struct word_node *first = malloc(sizeof(*node));
+    first->word = beginWord;
+    first->step = 1;
+
+    while (strcmp(first->word, endWord)) {
+        strcpy(word, first->word);
+        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+            char c;
+            char o = word[i];
+            for (c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++) {
+                if (c == o) continue;
+                word[i] = c;
+                node = find(word, hhead, wordListSize);
+                if (node != NULL) {
+                    list_add_tail(&node->link, &queue);
+                    node->step = first->step + 1;
+                }
+            }
+            word[i] = o;
+        }
+
+        if (list_empty(&queue)) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            first = list_first_entry(&queue, struct word_node, link);
+            list_del(&first->link);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return first->step;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    if (argc < 3) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: ./test begin end dict...\n");
+        exit(-1);
+    }
+
+    printf("%d\n", ladderLength(argv[1], argv[2], argv + 3, argc - 3));
+    return 0;
+}