JSONML.java

package org.json;

/*
Copyright (c) 2008 JSON.org

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
*/

import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * This provides static methods to convert an XML text into a JSONArray or
 * JSONObject, and to covert a JSONArray or JSONObject into an XML text using
 * the JsonML transform.
 *
 * @author JSON.org
 * @version 2015-12-09
 */
public class JSONML {

    /**
     * Parse XML values and store them in a JSONArray.
     * 
     * @param x The XMLTokener containing the source string.
     * @param arrayForm true if array form, false if object form.
     * @param ja The JSONArray that is containing the current tag or null if we
     *            are at the outermost level.
     * @return A JSONArray if the value is the outermost tag, otherwise null.
     * @throws JSONException If something goes wrong
     */
    private static Object parse(final XMLTokener x, final boolean arrayForm,
        final JSONArray ja) throws JSONException
    {
        String attribute;
        char c;
        String closeTag = null;
        int i;
        JSONArray newja = null;
        JSONObject newjo = null;
        Object token;
        String tagName = null;

// Test for and skip past these forms:
//      <!-- ... -->
//      <![  ... ]]>
//      <!   ...   >
//      <?   ...  ?>

        while (true) {
            if (!x.more())
                throw x.syntaxError("Bad XML");
            token = x.nextContent();
            if (token == XML.LT) {
                token = x.nextToken();
                if (token instanceof Character) {
                    if (token == XML.SLASH) {

// Close tag </

                        token = x.nextToken();
                        if (!(token instanceof String))
                            throw new JSONException(
                                "Expected a closing name instead of '" + token
                                    + "'.");
                        if (x.nextToken() != XML.GT)
                            throw x.syntaxError("Misshaped close tag");
                        return token;
                    }
                    else if (token == XML.BANG) {

// <!

                        c = x.next();
                        if (c == '-') {
                            if (x.next() == '-')
                                x.skipPast("-->");
                            else
                                x.back();
                        }
                        else if (c == '[') {
                            token = x.nextToken();
                            if (token.equals("CDATA") && x.next() == '[') {
                                if (ja != null)
                                    ja.put(x.nextCDATA());
                            }
                            else
                                throw x.syntaxError("Expected 'CDATA['");
                        }
                        else {
                            i = 1;
                            do {
                                token = x.nextMeta();
                                if (token == null)
                                    throw x
                                        .syntaxError("Missing '>' after '<!'.");
                                else if (token == XML.LT)
                                    i += 1;
                                else if (token == XML.GT)
                                    i -= 1;
                            } while (i > 0);
                        }
                    }
                    else if (token == XML.QUEST)
                        x.skipPast("?>");
                    else
                        throw x.syntaxError("Misshaped tag");

// Open tag <

                }
                else {
                    if (!(token instanceof String))
                        throw x.syntaxError("Bad tagName '" + token + "'.");
                    tagName = (String)token;
                    newja = new JSONArray();
                    newjo = new JSONObject();
                    if (arrayForm) {
                        newja.put(tagName);
                        if (ja != null)
                            ja.put(newja);
                    }
                    else {
                        newjo.put("tagName", tagName);
                        if (ja != null)
                            ja.put(newjo);
                    }
                    token = null;
                    for (;;) {
                        if (token == null)
                            token = x.nextToken();
                        if (token == null)
                            throw x.syntaxError("Misshaped tag");
                        if (!(token instanceof String))
                            break;

// attribute = value

                        attribute = (String)token;
                        if (!arrayForm && ("tagName".equals(attribute)
                            || "childNode".equals(attribute)))
                            throw x.syntaxError("Reserved attribute.");
                        token = x.nextToken();
                        if (token == XML.EQ) {
                            token = x.nextToken();
                            if (!(token instanceof String))
                                throw x.syntaxError("Missing value");
                            newjo.accumulate(attribute,
                                XML.stringToValue((String)token));
                            token = null;
                        }
                        else
                            newjo.accumulate(attribute, "");
                    }
                    if (arrayForm && newjo.length() > 0)
                        newja.put(newjo);

// Empty tag <.../>

                    if (token == XML.SLASH) {
                        if (x.nextToken() != XML.GT)
                            throw x.syntaxError("Misshaped tag");
                        if (ja == null)
                            if (arrayForm)
                                return newja;
                            else
                                return newjo;

// Content, between <...> and </...>

                    }
                    else {
                        if (token != XML.GT)
                            throw x.syntaxError("Misshaped tag");
                        closeTag = (String)parse(x, arrayForm, newja);
                        if (closeTag != null) {
                            if (!closeTag.equals(tagName))
                                throw x.syntaxError("Mismatched '" + tagName
                                    + "' and '" + closeTag + "'");
                            tagName = null;
                            if (!arrayForm && newja.length() > 0)
                                newjo.put("childNodes", newja);
                            if (ja == null)
                                if (arrayForm)
                                    return newja;
                                else
                                    return newjo;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            else if (ja != null)
                ja.put(token instanceof String
                    ? XML.stringToValue((String)token) : token);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML string into a
     * JSONArray using the JsonML transform. Each XML tag is represented as a
     * JSONArray in which the first element is the tag name. If the tag has
     * attributes, then the second element will be JSONObject containing the
     * name/value pairs. If the tag contains children, then strings and
     * JSONArrays will represent the child tags. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and
     * <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code> are ignored.
     * 
     * @param string The source string.
     * @return A JSONArray containing the structured data from the XML string.
     * @throws JSONException If something goes wrong
     */
    public static JSONArray toJSONArray(final String string)
        throws JSONException
    {
        return toJSONArray(new XMLTokener(string));
    }

    /**
     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML string into a
     * JSONArray using the JsonML transform. Each XML tag is represented as a
     * JSONArray in which the first element is the tag name. If the tag has
     * attributes, then the second element will be JSONObject containing the
     * name/value pairs. If the tag contains children, then strings and
     * JSONArrays will represent the child content and tags. Comments, prologs,
     * DTDs, and <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code> are ignored.
     * 
     * @param x An XMLTokener.
     * @return A JSONArray containing the structured data from the XML string.
     * @throws JSONException If something goes wrong
     */
    public static JSONArray toJSONArray(final XMLTokener x)
        throws JSONException
    {
        return (JSONArray)parse(x, true, null);
    }

    /**
     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML string into a
     * JSONObject using the JsonML transform. Each XML tag is represented as a
     * JSONObject with a "tagName" property. If the tag has attributes, then the
     * attributes will be in the JSONObject as properties. If the tag contains
     * children, the object will have a "childNodes" property which will be an
     * array of strings and JsonML JSONObjects. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and
     * <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code> are ignored.
     * 
     * @param x An XMLTokener of the XML source text.
     * @return A JSONObject containing the structured data from the XML string.
     * @throws JSONException If something goes wrong
     */
    public static JSONObject toJSONObject(final XMLTokener x)
        throws JSONException
    {
        return (JSONObject)parse(x, false, null);
    }

    /**
     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML string into a
     * JSONObject using the JsonML transform. Each XML tag is represented as a
     * JSONObject with a "tagName" property. If the tag has attributes, then the
     * attributes will be in the JSONObject as properties. If the tag contains
     * children, the object will have a "childNodes" property which will be an
     * array of strings and JsonML JSONObjects. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and
     * <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code> are ignored.
     * 
     * @param string The XML source text.
     * @return A JSONObject containing the structured data from the XML string.
     * @throws JSONException If something goes wrong
     */
    public static JSONObject toJSONObject(final String string)
        throws JSONException
    {
        return toJSONObject(new XMLTokener(string));
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the JSONML transformation, making an XML text from a JSONArray.
     * 
     * @param ja A JSONArray.
     * @return An XML string.
     * @throws JSONException If something goes wrong
     */
    public static String toString(final JSONArray ja) throws JSONException {
        int i;
        JSONObject jo;
        String key;
        Iterator<String> keys;
        int length;
        Object object;
        final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        String tagName;
        String value;

// Emit <tagName

        tagName = ja.getString(0);
        XML.noSpace(tagName);
        tagName = XML.escape(tagName);
        sb.append('<');
        sb.append(tagName);

        object = ja.opt(1);
        if (object instanceof JSONObject) {
            i = 2;
            jo = (JSONObject)object;

// Emit the attributes

            keys = jo.keys();
            while (keys.hasNext()) {
                key = keys.next();
                XML.noSpace(key);
                value = jo.optString(key);
                if (value != null) {
                    sb.append(' ');
                    sb.append(XML.escape(key));
                    sb.append('=');
                    sb.append('"');
                    sb.append(XML.escape(value));
                    sb.append('"');
                }
            }
        }
        else
            i = 1;

// Emit content in body

        length = ja.length();
        if (i >= length) {
            sb.append('/');
            sb.append('>');
        }
        else {
            sb.append('>');
            do {
                object = ja.get(i);
                i += 1;
                if (object != null)
                    if (object instanceof String)
                        sb.append(XML.escape(object.toString()));
                    else if (object instanceof JSONObject)
                        sb.append(toString((JSONObject)object));
                    else if (object instanceof JSONArray)
                        sb.append(toString((JSONArray)object));
                    else
                        sb.append(object.toString());
            } while (i < length);
            sb.append('<');
            sb.append('/');
            sb.append(tagName);
            sb.append('>');
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the JSONML transformation, making an XML text from a JSONObject.
     * The JSONObject must contain a "tagName" property. If it has children,
     * then it must have a "childNodes" property containing an array of objects.
     * The other properties are attributes with string values.
     * 
     * @param jo A JSONObject.
     * @return An XML string.
     * @throws JSONException If something goes wrong
     */
    public static String toString(final JSONObject jo) throws JSONException {
        final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int i;
        JSONArray ja;
        String key;
        Iterator<String> keys;
        int length;
        Object object;
        String tagName;
        String value;

//Emit <tagName

        tagName = jo.optString("tagName");
        if (tagName == null)
            return XML.escape(jo.toString());
        XML.noSpace(tagName);
        tagName = XML.escape(tagName);
        sb.append('<');
        sb.append(tagName);

//Emit the attributes

        keys = jo.keys();
        while (keys.hasNext()) {
            key = keys.next();
            if (!"tagName".equals(key) && !"childNodes".equals(key)) {
                XML.noSpace(key);
                value = jo.optString(key);
                if (value != null) {
                    sb.append(' ');
                    sb.append(XML.escape(key));
                    sb.append('=');
                    sb.append('"');
                    sb.append(XML.escape(value));
                    sb.append('"');
                }
            }
        }

//Emit content in body

        ja = jo.optJSONArray("childNodes");
        if (ja == null) {
            sb.append('/');
            sb.append('>');
        }
        else {
            sb.append('>');
            length = ja.length();
            for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
                object = ja.get(i);
                if (object != null)
                    if (object instanceof String)
                        sb.append(XML.escape(object.toString()));
                    else if (object instanceof JSONObject)
                        sb.append(toString((JSONObject)object));
                    else if (object instanceof JSONArray)
                        sb.append(toString((JSONArray)object));
                    else
                        sb.append(object.toString());
            }
            sb.append('<');
            sb.append('/');
            sb.append(tagName);
            sb.append('>');
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}