Fix window functions that sort by expressions involving aggregates.

In commit c1d9579, I changed things so
that the output of the Agg node that feeds the window functions would not
list any ungrouped Vars directly.  Formerly, for example, the Agg tlist
might have included both "x" and "sum(x)", which is not really valid if
"x" isn't a grouping column.  If we then had a window function ordering on
something like "sum(x) + 1", prepare_sort_from_pathkeys would find no exact
match for this in the Agg tlist, and would conclude that it must recompute
the expression.  But it would break the expression down to just the Var
"x", which it would find in the tlist, and then rebuild the ORDER BY
expression using a reference to the subplan's "x" output.  Now, after the
above-referenced changes, "x" isn't in the Agg tlist if it's not a grouping
column, so that prepare_sort_from_pathkeys fails with "could not find
pathkey item to sort", as reported by Bricklen Anderson.

The fix is to not break down Aggrefs into their component parts, but just
treat them as irreducible expressions to be sought in the subplan tlist.
This is definitely OK for the use with respect to window functions in
grouping_planner, since it just built the tlist being used on the same
basis.  AFAICT it is safe for other uses too; most of the other call sites
couldn't encounter Aggrefs anyway.

Author: tglsfdc

src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c

@@ -3533,7 +3533,13 @@ prepare_sort_from_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *lefttree, List *pathkeys,
 
 			if (!tle)
 			{
-				/* No matching tlist item; look for a computable expression */
+				/*
+				 * No matching tlist item; look for a computable expression.
+				 * Note that we treat Aggrefs as if they were variables; this
+				 * is necessary when attempting to sort the output from an Agg
+				 * node for use in a WindowFunc (since grouping_planner will
+				 * have treated the Aggrefs as variables, too).
+				 */
 				Expr	   *sortexpr = NULL;
 
 				foreach(j, ec->ec_members)
@@ -3546,7 +3552,7 @@ prepare_sort_from_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *lefttree, List *pathkeys,
 						continue;
 					sortexpr = em->em_expr;
 					exprvars = pull_var_clause((Node *) sortexpr,
-											   PVC_RECURSE_AGGREGATES,
+											   PVC_INCLUDE_AGGREGATES,
 											   PVC_INCLUDE_PLACEHOLDERS);
 					foreach(k, exprvars)
 					{

src/test/regress/expected/window.out

@@ -594,6 +594,26 @@ SELECT SUM(COUNT(f1)) OVER () FROM int4_tbl WHERE f1=42;
    0
 (1 row)
 
+-- window function with ORDER BY an expression involving aggregates (9.1 bug)
+select ten,
+  sum(unique1) + sum(unique2) as res,
+  rank() over (order by sum(unique1) + sum(unique2)) as rank
+from tenk1
+group by ten order by ten;
+ ten |   res    | rank 
+-----+----------+------
+   0 |  9976146 |    4
+   1 | 10114187 |    9
+   2 | 10059554 |    8
+   3 |  9878541 |    1
+   4 |  9881005 |    2
+   5 |  9981670 |    5
+   6 |  9947099 |    3
+   7 | 10120309 |   10
+   8 |  9991305 |    6
+   9 | 10040184 |    7
+(10 rows)
+
 -- test non-default frame specifications
 SELECT four, ten,
 	sum(ten) over (partition by four order by ten),

src/test/regress/sql/window.sql

@@ -138,6 +138,13 @@ SELECT empno, depname, salary, bonus, depadj, MIN(bonus) OVER (ORDER BY empno),
 -- window function over ungrouped agg over empty row set (bug before 9.1)
 SELECT SUM(COUNT(f1)) OVER () FROM int4_tbl WHERE f1=42;
 
+-- window function with ORDER BY an expression involving aggregates (9.1 bug)
+select ten,
+  sum(unique1) + sum(unique2) as res,
+  rank() over (order by sum(unique1) + sum(unique2)) as rank
+from tenk1
+group by ten order by ten;
+
 -- test non-default frame specifications
 SELECT four, ten,
 	sum(ten) over (partition by four order by ten),