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SQL/JSON: Validate values in ON ERROR/EMPTY clauses
Currently, the grammar allows any supported values in the ON ERROR and ON EMPTY clauses for SQL/JSON functions, regardless of whether the values are appropriate for the function. This commit ensures that during parse analysis, the provided value is checked for validity for the given function and throws a syntax error if it is not. While at it, this fixes some omissions in the documentation of the ON ERROR/EMPTY clauses for JSON_TABLE(). Reported-by: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxFgWGqpESSYzyJ6tSurr3vFYBSNEmCfkGyB_dMdptFnZQ%40mail.gmail.com
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7 files changed

+174
-14
lines changed

7 files changed

+174
-14
lines changed

‎doc/src/sgml/func.sgml

+3-3
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -18939,7 +18939,7 @@ DETAIL: Missing "]" after array dimensions.
1893918939
JSON_TABLE (
1894018940
<replaceable>context_item</replaceable>, <replaceable>path_expression</replaceable> <optional> AS <replaceable>json_path_name</replaceable> </optional> <optional> PASSING { <replaceable>value</replaceable> AS <replaceable>varname</replaceable> } <optional>, ...</optional> </optional>
1894118941
COLUMNS ( <replaceable class="parameter">json_table_column</replaceable> <optional>, ...</optional> )
18942-
<optional> { <literal>ERROR</literal> | <literal>EMPTY</literal> } <literal>ON ERROR</literal> </optional>
18942+
<optional> { <literal>ERROR</literal> | <literal>EMPTY</literal> <optional>ARRAY</optional>} <literal>ON ERROR</literal> </optional>
1894318943
)
1894418944

1894518945
<phrase>
@@ -18951,8 +18951,8 @@ where <replaceable class="parameter">json_table_column</replaceable> is:
1895118951
<optional> PATH <replaceable>path_expression</replaceable> </optional>
1895218952
<optional> { WITHOUT | WITH { CONDITIONAL | <optional>UNCONDITIONAL</optional> } } <optional> ARRAY </optional> WRAPPER </optional>
1895318953
<optional> { KEEP | OMIT } QUOTES <optional> ON SCALAR STRING </optional> </optional>
18954-
<optional> { ERROR | NULL | EMPTY { ARRAY | OBJECT } | DEFAULT <replaceable>expression</replaceable> } ON EMPTY </optional>
18955-
<optional> { ERROR | NULL | EMPTY { ARRAY | OBJECT } | DEFAULT <replaceable>expression</replaceable> } ON ERROR </optional>
18954+
<optional> { ERROR | NULL | EMPTY { <optional>ARRAY</optional> | OBJECT } | DEFAULT <replaceable>expression</replaceable> } ON EMPTY </optional>
18955+
<optional> { ERROR | NULL | EMPTY { <optional>ARRAY</optional> | OBJECT } | DEFAULT <replaceable>expression</replaceable> } ON ERROR </optional>
1895618956
| <replaceable>name</replaceable> <replaceable>type</replaceable> EXISTS <optional> PATH <replaceable>path_expression</replaceable> </optional>
1895718957
<optional> { ERROR | TRUE | FALSE | UNKNOWN } ON ERROR </optional>
1895818958
| NESTED <optional> PATH </optional> <replaceable>path_expression</replaceable> <optional> AS <replaceable>json_path_name</replaceable> </optional> COLUMNS ( <replaceable>json_table_column</replaceable> <optional>, ...</optional> )

‎src/backend/parser/parse_expr.c

+118-8
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -4300,14 +4300,124 @@ transformJsonFuncExpr(ParseState *pstate, JsonFuncExpr *func)
43004300
}
43014301

43024302
/* OMIT QUOTES is meaningless when strings are wrapped. */
4303-
if (func->op == JSON_QUERY_OP &&
4304-
func->quotes == JS_QUOTES_OMIT &&
4305-
(func->wrapper == JSW_CONDITIONAL ||
4306-
func->wrapper == JSW_UNCONDITIONAL))
4307-
ereport(ERROR,
4308-
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4309-
errmsg("SQL/JSON QUOTES behavior must not be specified when WITH WRAPPER is used"),
4310-
parser_errposition(pstate, func->location));
4303+
if (func->op == JSON_QUERY_OP)
4304+
{
4305+
if (func->quotes == JS_QUOTES_OMIT &&
4306+
(func->wrapper == JSW_CONDITIONAL ||
4307+
func->wrapper == JSW_UNCONDITIONAL))
4308+
ereport(ERROR,
4309+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4310+
errmsg("SQL/JSON QUOTES behavior must not be specified when WITH WRAPPER is used"),
4311+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->location));
4312+
if (func->on_empty != NULL &&
4313+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_ERROR &&
4314+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_NULL &&
4315+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_EMPTY &&
4316+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_EMPTY_ARRAY &&
4317+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_EMPTY_OBJECT &&
4318+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT)
4319+
{
4320+
if (func->column_name == NULL)
4321+
ereport(ERROR,
4322+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4323+
errmsg("invalid ON EMPTY behavior"),
4324+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, EMPTY [ ARRAY ], EMPTY OBJECT, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON EMPTY for JSON_QUERY()."),
4325+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_empty->location));
4326+
else
4327+
ereport(ERROR,
4328+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4329+
errmsg("invalid ON EMPTY behavior for column \"%s\"",
4330+
func->column_name),
4331+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, EMPTY [ ARRAY ], EMPTY OBJECT, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON EMPTY for formatted columns."),
4332+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_empty->location));
4333+
}
4334+
if (func->on_error != NULL &&
4335+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_ERROR &&
4336+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_NULL &&
4337+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_EMPTY &&
4338+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_EMPTY_ARRAY &&
4339+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_EMPTY_OBJECT &&
4340+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT)
4341+
{
4342+
if (func->column_name == NULL)
4343+
ereport(ERROR,
4344+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4345+
errmsg("invalid ON ERROR behavior"),
4346+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, EMPTY [ ARRAY ], EMPTY OBJECT, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON ERROR for JSON_QUERY()."),
4347+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_error->location));
4348+
else
4349+
ereport(ERROR,
4350+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4351+
errmsg("invalid ON ERROR behavior for column \"%s\"",
4352+
func->column_name),
4353+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, EMPTY [ ARRAY ], EMPTY OBJECT, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON ERROR for formatted columns."),
4354+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_error->location));
4355+
}
4356+
}
4357+
4358+
/* Check that ON ERROR/EMPTY behavior values are valid for the function. */
4359+
if (func->op == JSON_EXISTS_OP &&
4360+
func->on_error != NULL &&
4361+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_ERROR &&
4362+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_TRUE &&
4363+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_FALSE &&
4364+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_UNKNOWN)
4365+
{
4366+
if (func->column_name == NULL)
4367+
ereport(ERROR,
4368+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4369+
errmsg("invalid ON ERROR behavior"),
4370+
errdetail("Only ERROR, TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN is allowed in ON ERROR for JSON_EXISTS()."),
4371+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_error->location));
4372+
else
4373+
ereport(ERROR,
4374+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4375+
errmsg("invalid ON ERROR behavior for column \"%s\"",
4376+
func->column_name),
4377+
errdetail("Only ERROR, TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN is allowed in ON ERROR for EXISTS columns."),
4378+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_error->location));
4379+
}
4380+
if (func->op == JSON_VALUE_OP)
4381+
{
4382+
if (func->on_empty != NULL &&
4383+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_ERROR &&
4384+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_NULL &&
4385+
func->on_empty->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT)
4386+
{
4387+
if (func->column_name == NULL)
4388+
ereport(ERROR,
4389+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4390+
errmsg("invalid ON EMPTY behavior"),
4391+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON EMPTY for JSON_VALUE()."),
4392+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_empty->location));
4393+
else
4394+
ereport(ERROR,
4395+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4396+
errmsg("invalid ON EMPTY behavior for column \"%s\"",
4397+
func->column_name),
4398+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON EMPTY for scalar columns."),
4399+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_empty->location));
4400+
}
4401+
if (func->on_error != NULL &&
4402+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_ERROR &&
4403+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_NULL &&
4404+
func->on_error->btype != JSON_BEHAVIOR_DEFAULT)
4405+
{
4406+
if (func->column_name == NULL)
4407+
ereport(ERROR,
4408+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4409+
errmsg("invalid ON ERROR behavior"),
4410+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON ERROR for JSON_VALUE()."),
4411+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_error->location));
4412+
else
4413+
ereport(ERROR,
4414+
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
4415+
errmsg("invalid ON ERROR behavior for column \"%s\"",
4416+
func->column_name),
4417+
errdetail("Only ERROR, NULL, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON ERROR for scalar columns."),
4418+
parser_errposition(pstate, func->on_error->location));
4419+
}
4420+
}
43114421

43124422
jsexpr = makeNode(JsonExpr);
43134423
jsexpr->location = func->location;

‎src/backend/parser/parse_jsontable.c

+1-1
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ transformJsonTable(ParseState *pstate, JsonTable *jt)
9292
ereport(ERROR,
9393
errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
9494
errmsg("invalid ON ERROR behavior"),
95-
errdetail("Only EMPTY or ERROR is allowed in the top-level ON ERROR clause."),
95+
errdetail("Only EMPTY [ ARRAY ] or ERROR is allowed in the top-level ON ERROR clause."),
9696
parser_errposition(pstate, jt->on_error->location));
9797

9898
cxt.pathNameId = 0;

‎src/test/regress/expected/sqljson_jsontable.out

+24-2
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE('[]', 'strict $.a' COLUMNS (js2 int PATH '$') DEFAULT 1
99
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior
1010
LINE 1: ...BLE('[]', 'strict $.a' COLUMNS (js2 int PATH '$') DEFAULT 1 ...
1111
^
12-
DETAIL: Only EMPTY or ERROR is allowed in the top-level ON ERROR clause.
12+
DETAIL: Only EMPTY [ ARRAY ] or ERROR is allowed in the top-level ON ERROR clause.
1313
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE('[]', 'strict $.a' COLUMNS (js2 int PATH '$') NULL ON ERROR);
1414
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior
1515
LINE 1: ...BLE('[]', 'strict $.a' COLUMNS (js2 int PATH '$') NULL ON ER...
1616
^
17-
DETAIL: Only EMPTY or ERROR is allowed in the top-level ON ERROR clause.
17+
DETAIL: Only EMPTY [ ARRAY ] or ERROR is allowed in the top-level ON ERROR clause.
1818
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE('[]', 'strict $.a' COLUMNS (js2 int PATH '$') EMPTY ON ERROR);
1919
js2
2020
-----
@@ -1072,3 +1072,25 @@ SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int exists empty object on em
10721072
ERROR: syntax error at or near "empty"
10731073
LINE 1: ...sonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int exists empty object on empty));
10741074
^
1075+
-- Test ON ERROR / EMPTY value validity for the function and column types;
1076+
-- all fail
1077+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int) NULL ON ERROR);
1078+
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior
1079+
LINE 1: ... * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int) NULL ON ER...
1080+
^
1081+
DETAIL: Only EMPTY [ ARRAY ] or ERROR is allowed in the top-level ON ERROR clause.
1082+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int true on empty));
1083+
ERROR: invalid ON EMPTY behavior for column "a"
1084+
LINE 1: ...T * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int true on em...
1085+
^
1086+
DETAIL: Only ERROR, NULL, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON EMPTY for scalar columns.
1087+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int omit quotes true on error));
1088+
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior for column "a"
1089+
LINE 1: ...N_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int omit quotes true on er...
1090+
^
1091+
DETAIL: Only ERROR, NULL, EMPTY [ ARRAY ], EMPTY OBJECT, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON ERROR for formatted columns.
1092+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int exists empty object on error));
1093+
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior for column "a"
1094+
LINE 1: ...M JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int exists empty obje...
1095+
^
1096+
DETAIL: Only ERROR, TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN is allowed in ON ERROR for EXISTS columns.

‎src/test/regress/expected/sqljson_queryfuncs.out

+16
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1353,3 +1353,19 @@ SELECT JSON_QUERY(jsonb 'null', '$xyz' PASSING 1 AS xyz);
13531353
1
13541354
(1 row)
13551355

1356+
-- Test ON ERROR / EMPTY value validity for the function; all fail.
1357+
SELECT JSON_EXISTS(jsonb '1', '$' DEFAULT 1 ON ERROR);
1358+
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior
1359+
LINE 1: SELECT JSON_EXISTS(jsonb '1', '$' DEFAULT 1 ON ERROR);
1360+
^
1361+
DETAIL: Only ERROR, TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN is allowed in ON ERROR for JSON_EXISTS().
1362+
SELECT JSON_VALUE(jsonb '1', '$' EMPTY ON ERROR);
1363+
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior
1364+
LINE 1: SELECT JSON_VALUE(jsonb '1', '$' EMPTY ON ERROR);
1365+
^
1366+
DETAIL: Only ERROR, NULL, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON ERROR for JSON_VALUE().
1367+
SELECT JSON_QUERY(jsonb '1', '$' TRUE ON ERROR);
1368+
ERROR: invalid ON ERROR behavior
1369+
LINE 1: SELECT JSON_QUERY(jsonb '1', '$' TRUE ON ERROR);
1370+
^
1371+
DETAIL: Only ERROR, NULL, EMPTY [ ARRAY ], EMPTY OBJECT, or DEFAULT expression is allowed in ON ERROR for JSON_QUERY().

‎src/test/regress/sql/sqljson_jsontable.sql

+7
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -521,3 +521,10 @@ DROP TABLE s;
521521

522522
-- Prevent ON EMPTY specification on EXISTS columns
523523
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int exists empty object on empty));
524+
525+
-- Test ON ERROR / EMPTY value validity for the function and column types;
526+
-- all fail
527+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int) NULL ON ERROR);
528+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int true on empty));
529+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int omit quotes true on error));
530+
SELECT * FROM JSON_TABLE(jsonb '1', '$' COLUMNS (a int exists empty object on error));

‎src/test/regress/sql/sqljson_queryfuncs.sql

+5
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -459,3 +459,8 @@ SELECT json_value('"aaa"', path RETURNING json) FROM jsonpaths;
459459
SELECT JSON_QUERY(jsonb 'null', '$xyz' PASSING 1 AS xy);
460460
SELECT JSON_QUERY(jsonb 'null', '$xy' PASSING 1 AS xyz);
461461
SELECT JSON_QUERY(jsonb 'null', '$xyz' PASSING 1 AS xyz);
462+
463+
-- Test ON ERROR / EMPTY value validity for the function; all fail.
464+
SELECT JSON_EXISTS(jsonb '1', '$' DEFAULT 1 ON ERROR);
465+
SELECT JSON_VALUE(jsonb '1', '$' EMPTY ON ERROR);
466+
SELECT JSON_QUERY(jsonb '1', '$' TRUE ON ERROR);

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