Fix bugs in manipulation of large objects.

In v16 and up (since commit afbfc02), large object ownership
checking has been broken because object_ownercheck() didn't take care
of the discrepancy between our object-address representation of large
objects (classId == LargeObjectRelationId) and the catalog where their
ownership info is actually stored (LargeObjectMetadataRelationId).
This resulted in failures such as "unrecognized class ID: 2613"
when trying to update blob properties as a non-superuser.

Poking around for related bugs, I found that AlterObjectOwner_internal
would pass the wrong classId to the PostAlterHook in the no-op code
path where the large object already has the desired owner.  Also,
recordExtObjInitPriv checked for the wrong classId; that bug is only
latent because the stanza is dead code anyway, but as long as we're
carrying it around it should be less wrong.  These bugs are quite old.

In HEAD, we can reduce the scope for future bugs of this ilk by
changing AlterObjectOwner_internal's API to let the translation happen
inside that function, rather than requiring callers to know about it.

A more bulletproof fix, perhaps, would be to start using
LargeObjectMetadataRelationId as the dependency and object-address
classId for blobs.  However that has substantial risk of breaking
third-party code; even within our own code, it'd create hassles
for pg_dump which would have to cope with a version-dependent
representation.  For now, keep the status quo.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2650449.1702497209@sss.pgh.pa.us

Author: tglsfdc

src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c

@@ -4103,9 +4103,14 @@ object_ownercheck(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid)
 	if (superuser_arg(roleid))
 		return true;
 
+	/* For large objects, the catalog to consult is pg_largeobject_metadata */
+	if (classid == LargeObjectRelationId)
+		classid = LargeObjectMetadataRelationId;
+
 	cacheid = get_object_catcache_oid(classid);
 	if (cacheid != -1)
 	{
+		/* we can get the object's tuple from the syscache */
 		HeapTuple	tuple;
 
 		tuple = SearchSysCache1(cacheid, ObjectIdGetDatum(objectid));
@@ -4122,7 +4127,6 @@ object_ownercheck(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid)
 	else
 	{
 		/* for catalogs without an appropriate syscache */
-
 		Relation	rel;
 		ScanKeyData entry[1];
 		SysScanDesc scan;
@@ -4442,9 +4446,9 @@ recordExtObjInitPriv(Oid objoid, Oid classoid)
 
 		ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 	}
-	/* pg_largeobject_metadata */
-	else if (classoid == LargeObjectMetadataRelationId)
+	else if (classoid == LargeObjectRelationId)
 	{
+		/* For large objects, we must consult pg_largeobject_metadata */
 		Datum		aclDatum;
 		bool		isNull;
 		HeapTuple	tuple;

src/backend/catalog/pg_shdepend.c

@@ -1614,20 +1614,9 @@ shdepReassignOwned(List *roleids, Oid newrole)
 				case DatabaseRelationId:
 				case TSConfigRelationId:
 				case TSDictionaryRelationId:
-					{
-						Oid			classId = sdepForm->classid;
-						Relation	catalog;
-
-						if (classId == LargeObjectRelationId)
-							classId = LargeObjectMetadataRelationId;
-
-						catalog = table_open(classId, RowExclusiveLock);
-
-						AlterObjectOwner_internal(catalog, sdepForm->objid,
-												  newrole);
-
-						table_close(catalog, NoLock);
-					}
+					AlterObjectOwner_internal(sdepForm->classid,
+											  sdepForm->objid,
+											  newrole);
 					break;
 
 				default:

src/backend/commands/alter.c

@@ -918,9 +918,7 @@ ExecAlterOwnerStmt(AlterOwnerStmt *stmt)
 		case OBJECT_TSDICTIONARY:
 		case OBJECT_TSCONFIGURATION:
 			{
-				Relation	catalog;
 				Relation	relation;
-				Oid			classId;
 				ObjectAddress address;
 
 				address = get_object_address(stmt->objectType,
@@ -929,20 +927,9 @@ ExecAlterOwnerStmt(AlterOwnerStmt *stmt)
 											 AccessExclusiveLock,
 											 false);
 				Assert(relation == NULL);
-				classId = address.classId;
 
-				/*
-				 * XXX - get_object_address returns Oid of pg_largeobject
-				 * catalog for OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT because of historical
-				 * reasons.  Fix up it here.
-				 */
-				if (classId == LargeObjectRelationId)
-					classId = LargeObjectMetadataRelationId;
-
-				catalog = table_open(classId, RowExclusiveLock);
-
-				AlterObjectOwner_internal(catalog, address.objectId, newowner);
-				table_close(catalog, RowExclusiveLock);
+				AlterObjectOwner_internal(address.classId, address.objectId,
+										  newowner);
 
 				return address;
 			}
@@ -960,25 +947,32 @@ ExecAlterOwnerStmt(AlterOwnerStmt *stmt)
  * cases (won't work for tables, nor other cases where we need to do more than
  * change the ownership column of a single catalog entry).
  *
- * rel: catalog relation containing object (RowExclusiveLock'd by caller)
+ * classId: OID of catalog containing object
  * objectId: OID of object to change the ownership of
  * new_ownerId: OID of new object owner
+ *
+ * This will work on large objects, but we have to beware of the fact that
+ * classId isn't the OID of the catalog to modify in that case.
  */
 void
-AlterObjectOwner_internal(Relation rel, Oid objectId, Oid new_ownerId)
+AlterObjectOwner_internal(Oid classId, Oid objectId, Oid new_ownerId)
 {
-	Oid			classId = RelationGetRelid(rel);
-	AttrNumber	Anum_oid = get_object_attnum_oid(classId);
-	AttrNumber	Anum_owner = get_object_attnum_owner(classId);
-	AttrNumber	Anum_namespace = get_object_attnum_namespace(classId);
-	AttrNumber	Anum_acl = get_object_attnum_acl(classId);
-	AttrNumber	Anum_name = get_object_attnum_name(classId);
+	/* For large objects, the catalog to modify is pg_largeobject_metadata */
+	Oid			catalogId = (classId == LargeObjectRelationId) ? LargeObjectMetadataRelationId : classId;
+	AttrNumber	Anum_oid = get_object_attnum_oid(catalogId);
+	AttrNumber	Anum_owner = get_object_attnum_owner(catalogId);
+	AttrNumber	Anum_namespace = get_object_attnum_namespace(catalogId);
+	AttrNumber	Anum_acl = get_object_attnum_acl(catalogId);
+	AttrNumber	Anum_name = get_object_attnum_name(catalogId);
+	Relation	rel;
 	HeapTuple	oldtup;
 	Datum		datum;
 	bool		isnull;
 	Oid			old_ownerId;
 	Oid			namespaceId = InvalidOid;
 
+	rel = table_open(catalogId, RowExclusiveLock);
+
 	oldtup = get_catalog_object_by_oid(rel, Anum_oid, objectId);
 	if (oldtup == NULL)
 		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for object %u of catalog \"%s\"",
@@ -1026,7 +1020,8 @@ AlterObjectOwner_internal(Relation rel, Oid objectId, Oid new_ownerId)
 					snprintf(namebuf, sizeof(namebuf), "%u", objectId);
 					objname = namebuf;
 				}
-				aclcheck_error(ACLCHECK_NOT_OWNER, get_object_type(classId, objectId),
+				aclcheck_error(ACLCHECK_NOT_OWNER,
+							   get_object_type(catalogId, objectId),
 							   objname);
 			}
 			/* Must be able to become new owner */
@@ -1079,8 +1074,6 @@ AlterObjectOwner_internal(Relation rel, Oid objectId, Oid new_ownerId)
 		CatalogTupleUpdate(rel, &newtup->t_self, newtup);
 
 		/* Update owner dependency reference */
-		if (classId == LargeObjectMetadataRelationId)
-			classId = LargeObjectRelationId;
 		changeDependencyOnOwner(classId, objectId, new_ownerId);
 
 		/* Release memory */
@@ -1089,5 +1082,8 @@ AlterObjectOwner_internal(Relation rel, Oid objectId, Oid new_ownerId)
 		pfree(replaces);
 	}
 
+	/* Note the post-alter hook gets classId not catalogId */
 	InvokeObjectPostAlterHook(classId, objectId, 0);
+
+	table_close(rel, RowExclusiveLock);
 }

src/backend/libpq/be-fsstubs.c

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include "access/xact.h"
-#include "catalog/pg_largeobject_metadata.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_largeobject.h"
 #include "libpq/be-fsstubs.h"
 #include "libpq/libpq-fs.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ be_lo_unlink(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	 * relevant FDs.
 	 */
 	if (!lo_compat_privileges &&
-		!object_ownercheck(LargeObjectMetadataRelationId, lobjId, GetUserId()))
+		!object_ownercheck(LargeObjectRelationId, lobjId, GetUserId()))
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
 				 errmsg("must be owner of large object %u", lobjId)));

src/backend/storage/large_object/inv_api.c

@@ -221,11 +221,10 @@ inv_create(Oid lobjId)
 	/*
 	 * dependency on the owner of largeobject
 	 *
-	 * The reason why we use LargeObjectRelationId instead of
-	 * LargeObjectMetadataRelationId here is to provide backward compatibility
-	 * to the applications which utilize a knowledge about internal layout of
-	 * system catalogs. OID of pg_largeobject_metadata and loid of
-	 * pg_largeobject are same value, so there are no actual differences here.
+	 * Note that LO dependencies are recorded using classId
+	 * LargeObjectRelationId for backwards-compatibility reasons.  Using
+	 * LargeObjectMetadataRelationId instead would simplify matters for the
+	 * backend, but it'd complicate pg_dump and possibly break other clients.
 	 */
 	recordDependencyOnOwner(LargeObjectRelationId,
 							lobjId_new, GetUserId());

src/include/commands/alter.h

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include "catalog/dependency.h"
 #include "catalog/objectaddress.h"
 #include "nodes/parsenodes.h"
-#include "utils/relcache.h"
 
 extern ObjectAddress ExecRenameStmt(RenameStmt *stmt);
 
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ extern Oid	AlterObjectNamespace_oid(Oid classId, Oid objid, Oid nspOid,
 									 ObjectAddresses *objsMoved);
 
 extern ObjectAddress ExecAlterOwnerStmt(AlterOwnerStmt *stmt);
-extern void AlterObjectOwner_internal(Relation rel, Oid objectId,
+extern void AlterObjectOwner_internal(Oid classId, Oid objectId,
 									  Oid new_ownerId);
 
 #endif							/* ALTER_H */

src/test/regress/expected/largeobject.out

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 \getenv abs_builddir PG_ABS_BUILDDIR
 -- ensure consistent test output regardless of the default bytea format
 SET bytea_output TO escape;
--- Test ALTER LARGE OBJECT OWNER, GRANT, COMMENT
+-- Test ALTER LARGE OBJECT OWNER
 CREATE ROLE regress_lo_user;
 SELECT lo_create(42);
  lo_create 
@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ SELECT lo_create(42);
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER LARGE OBJECT 42 OWNER TO regress_lo_user;
+-- Test GRANT, COMMENT as non-superuser
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_lo_user;
 GRANT SELECT ON LARGE OBJECT 42 TO public;
 COMMENT ON LARGE OBJECT 42 IS 'the ultimate answer';
+RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
 -- Test psql's \lo_list et al (we assume no other LOs exist yet)
 \lo_list
                Large objects

src/test/regress/expected/largeobject_1.out

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 \getenv abs_builddir PG_ABS_BUILDDIR
 -- ensure consistent test output regardless of the default bytea format
 SET bytea_output TO escape;
--- Test ALTER LARGE OBJECT OWNER, GRANT, COMMENT
+-- Test ALTER LARGE OBJECT OWNER
 CREATE ROLE regress_lo_user;
 SELECT lo_create(42);
  lo_create 
@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ SELECT lo_create(42);
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER LARGE OBJECT 42 OWNER TO regress_lo_user;
+-- Test GRANT, COMMENT as non-superuser
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_lo_user;
 GRANT SELECT ON LARGE OBJECT 42 TO public;
 COMMENT ON LARGE OBJECT 42 IS 'the ultimate answer';
+RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
 -- Test psql's \lo_list et al (we assume no other LOs exist yet)
 \lo_list
                Large objects

src/test/regress/sql/largeobject.sql

@@ -9,13 +9,19 @@
 -- ensure consistent test output regardless of the default bytea format
 SET bytea_output TO escape;
 
--- Test ALTER LARGE OBJECT OWNER, GRANT, COMMENT
+-- Test ALTER LARGE OBJECT OWNER
 CREATE ROLE regress_lo_user;
 SELECT lo_create(42);
 ALTER LARGE OBJECT 42 OWNER TO regress_lo_user;
+
+-- Test GRANT, COMMENT as non-superuser
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_lo_user;
+
 GRANT SELECT ON LARGE OBJECT 42 TO public;
 COMMENT ON LARGE OBJECT 42 IS 'the ultimate answer';
 
+RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
+
 -- Test psql's \lo_list et al (we assume no other LOs exist yet)
 \lo_list
 \lo_list+