Fix unsafe access to BufferDescriptors

When considering a local buffer, the GetBufferDescriptor() call in
BufferGetLSNAtomic() would be retrieving a shared buffer with a bad
buffer ID.  Since the code checks whether the buffer is shared before
using the retrieved BufferDesc, this issue did not lead to any
malfunction.  Nonetheless this seems like trouble waiting to happen,
so fix it by ensuring that GetBufferDescriptor() is only called when
we know the buffer is shared.

Author: Tender Wang <tndrwang@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Xuneng Zhou <xunengzhou@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Guo <guofenglinux@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHewXNku-o46-9cmUgyv6LkSZ25doDrWq32p=oz9kfD8ovVJMg@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 13

Author: Richard Guo

src/backend/storage/buffer/bufmgr.c

@@ -3981,8 +3981,8 @@ BufferIsPermanent(Buffer buffer)
 XLogRecPtr
 BufferGetLSNAtomic(Buffer buffer)
 {
-	BufferDesc *bufHdr = GetBufferDescriptor(buffer - 1);
 	char	   *page = BufferGetPage(buffer);
+	BufferDesc *bufHdr;
 	XLogRecPtr	lsn;
 	uint32		buf_state;
 
@@ -3996,6 +3996,7 @@ BufferGetLSNAtomic(Buffer buffer)
 	Assert(BufferIsValid(buffer));
 	Assert(BufferIsPinned(buffer));
 
+	bufHdr = GetBufferDescriptor(buffer - 1);
 	buf_state = LockBufHdr(bufHdr);
 	lsn = PageGetLSN(page);
 	UnlockBufHdr(bufHdr, buf_state);