Misc documentation fixes.

- Misc grammar and punctuation fixes.

- Stylistic cleanup: use spaces between function arguments and JSON fields
  in examples. For example "foo(a,b)" -> "foo(a, b)". Add semicolon after
  last END in a few PL/pgSQL examples that were missing them.

- Make sentence that talked about "..." and ".." operators more clear,
  by avoiding to end the sentence with "..". That makes it look the same
  as "..."

- Fix syntax description for HAVING: HAVING conditions cannot be repeated

Patch by Justin Pryzby, per Yaroslav Schekin's report. Backpatch to all
supported versions, to the extent that the patch applies easily.

Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20201005191922.GE17626%40telsasoft.com

Author: hlinnaka

doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml

@@ -1525,7 +1525,7 @@
       </para>
       <para>
        Role can log in. That is, this role can be given as the initial
-       session authorization identifier
+       session authorization identifier.
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 

doc/src/sgml/config.sgml

@@ -10168,8 +10168,8 @@ LOG:  CleanUpLock: deleting: lock(0xb7acd844) id(24688,24696,0,0,0,1)
       </term>
       <listitem>
        <para>
-        If set, do not trace locks for tables below this OID. (use to avoid
-        output on system tables)
+        If set, do not trace locks for tables below this OID (used to avoid
+        output on system tables).
        </para>
        <para>
         This parameter is only available if the <symbol>LOCK_DEBUG</symbol>

doc/src/sgml/dblink.sgml

@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ SELECT dblink_connect('myconn', 'fdtest');
  OK
 (1 row)
 
-SELECT * FROM dblink('myconn','SELECT * FROM foo') AS t(a int, b text, c text[]);
+SELECT * FROM dblink('myconn', 'SELECT * FROM foo') AS t(a int, b text, c text[]);
  a  | b |       c       
 ----+---+---------------
   0 | a | {a0,b0,c0}
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ dblink_exec(text sql [, bool fail_on_error]) returns text
       <para>
        The SQL command that you wish to execute in the remote database,
        for example
-       <literal>insert into foo values(0,'a','{"a0","b0","c0"}')</literal>.
+       <literal>insert into foo values(0, 'a', '{"a0","b0","c0"}')</literal>.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ SELECT dblink_connect('dbname=dblink_test_standby');
  OK
 (1 row)
 
-SELECT dblink_exec('insert into foo values(21,''z'',''{"a0","b0","c0"}'');');
+SELECT dblink_exec('insert into foo values(21, ''z'', ''{"a0","b0","c0"}'');');
    dblink_exec
 -----------------
  INSERT 943366 1
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ SELECT dblink_connect('myconn', 'dbname=regression');
  OK
 (1 row)
 
-SELECT dblink_exec('myconn', 'insert into foo values(21,''z'',''{"a0","b0","c0"}'');');
+SELECT dblink_exec('myconn', 'insert into foo values(21, ''z'', ''{"a0","b0","c0"}'');');
    dblink_exec
 ------------------
  INSERT 6432584 1

doc/src/sgml/func.sgml

@@ -15034,7 +15034,7 @@ table2-mapping
         per <function>to_json</function> or <function>to_jsonb</function>.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>json_build_array(1,2,'foo',4,5)</literal>
+        <literal>json_build_array(1, 2, 'foo', 4, 5)</literal>
         <returnvalue>[1, 2, "foo", 4, 5]</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15061,7 +15061,7 @@ table2-mapping
         per <function>to_json</function> or <function>to_jsonb</function>.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>json_build_object('foo',1,2,row(3,'bar'))</literal>
+        <literal>json_build_object('foo', 1, 2, row(3,'bar'))</literal>
         <returnvalue>{"foo" : 1, "2" : {"f1":3,"f2":"bar"}}</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15093,7 +15093,7 @@ table2-mapping
         <literal>json_object('{a, 1, b, "def", c, 3.5}')</literal>
         <returnvalue>{"a" : "1", "b" : "def", "c" : "3.5"}</returnvalue>
        </para>
-        <para><literal>json_object('{{a, 1},{b, "def"},{c, 3.5}}')</literal>
+        <para><literal>json_object('{{a, 1}, {b, "def"}, {c, 3.5}}')</literal>
         <returnvalue>{"a" : "1", "b" : "def", "c" : "3.5"}</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15113,7 +15113,7 @@ table2-mapping
         the one-argument form.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>json_object('{a, b}', '{1,2}')</literal>
+        <literal>json_object('{a,b}', '{1,2}')</literal>
         <returnvalue>{"a": "1", "b": "2"}</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15504,7 +15504,7 @@ table2-mapping
         <literal>create type twoints as (a int, b int);</literal>
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>select * from json_populate_recordset(null::twoints, '[{"a":1,"b":2},{"a":3,"b":4}]')</literal>
+        <literal>select * from json_populate_recordset(null::twoints, '[{"a":1,"b":2}, {"a":3,"b":4}]')</literal>
         <returnvalue></returnvalue>
 <programlisting>
  a | b
@@ -15579,7 +15579,7 @@ table2-mapping
         for <function>json[b]_populate_record</function>.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>select * from json_to_recordset('[{"a":1,"b":"foo"},{"a":"2","c":"bar"}]') as x(a int, b text)</literal>
+        <literal>select * from json_to_recordset('[{"a":1,"b":"foo"}, {"a":"2","c":"bar"}]') as x(a int, b text)</literal>
         <returnvalue></returnvalue>
 <programlisting>
  a |  b
@@ -15617,11 +15617,11 @@ table2-mapping
         or at the end of the array if it is positive.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>jsonb_set('[{"f1":1,"f2":null},2,null,3]', '{0,f1}','[2,3,4]', false)</literal>
+        <literal>jsonb_set('[{"f1":1,"f2":null},2,null,3]', '{0,f1}', '[2,3,4]', false)</literal>
         <returnvalue>[{"f1": [2, 3, 4], "f2": null}, 2, null, 3]</returnvalue>
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>jsonb_set('[{"f1":1,"f2":null},2]', '{0,f3}','[2,3,4]')</literal>
+        <literal>jsonb_set('[{"f1":1,"f2":null},2]', '{0,f3}', '[2,3,4]')</literal>
         <returnvalue>[{"f1": 1, "f2": null, "f3": [2, 3, 4]}, 2]</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15713,7 +15713,7 @@ table2-mapping
         untouched.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>json_strip_nulls('[{"f1":1,"f2":null},2,null,3]')</literal>
+        <literal>json_strip_nulls('[{"f1":1, "f2":null}, 2, null, 3]')</literal>
         <returnvalue>[{"f1":1},2,null,3]</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15737,7 +15737,7 @@ table2-mapping
         as the <literal>@?</literal> and <literal>@@</literal> operators do.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>jsonb_path_exists('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2,"max":4}')</literal>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_exists('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2, "max":4}')</literal>
         <returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15759,7 +15759,7 @@ table2-mapping
         for <function>jsonb_path_exists</function>.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>jsonb_path_match('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', 'exists($.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max))', '{"min":2,"max":4}')</literal>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_match('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', 'exists($.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max))', '{"min":2, "max":4}')</literal>
         <returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15780,7 +15780,7 @@ table2-mapping
         for <function>jsonb_path_exists</function>.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>select * from jsonb_path_query('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2,"max":4}')</literal>
+        <literal>select * from jsonb_path_query('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2, "max":4}')</literal>
         <returnvalue></returnvalue>
 <programlisting>
  jsonb_path_query
@@ -15808,7 +15808,7 @@ table2-mapping
         for <function>jsonb_path_exists</function>.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>jsonb_path_query_array('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2,"max":4}')</literal>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query_array('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2, "max":4}')</literal>
         <returnvalue>[2, 3, 4]</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15830,7 +15830,7 @@ table2-mapping
         for <function>jsonb_path_exists</function>.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>jsonb_path_query_first('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2,"max":4}')</literal>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query_first('{"a":[1,2,3,4,5]}', '$.a[*] ? (@ >= $min &amp;&amp; @ &lt;= $max)', '{"min":2, "max":4}')</literal>
         <returnvalue>2</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -15902,7 +15902,7 @@ table2-mapping
         Converts the given JSON value to pretty-printed, indented text.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>jsonb_pretty('[{"f1":1,"f2":null},2]')</literal>
+        <literal>jsonb_pretty('[{"f1":1,"f2":null}, 2]')</literal>
         <returnvalue></returnvalue>
 <programlisting>
 [
@@ -26599,7 +26599,7 @@ BEGIN
                      obj.object_name,
                      obj.object_identity;
     END LOOP;
-END
+END;
 $$;
 CREATE EVENT TRIGGER test_event_trigger_for_drops
    ON sql_drop

doc/src/sgml/gin.sgml

@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@
     </para>
     <para>
      <varname>gin_pending_list_limit</varname> can be overridden for individual
-     GIN indexes by changing storage parameters, and which allows each
+     GIN indexes by changing storage parameters, which allows each
      GIN index to have its own cleanup threshold.
      For example, it's possible to increase the threshold only for the GIN
      index which can be updated heavily, and decrease it otherwise.

doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml

@@ -1502,7 +1502,7 @@ synchronous_standby_names = 'ANY 2 (s1, s2, s3)'
     Note that in this mode, the server will apply WAL one file at a
     time, so if you use the standby server for queries (see Hot Standby),
     there is a delay between an action in the primary and when the
-    action becomes visible in the standby, corresponding the time it takes
+    action becomes visible in the standby, corresponding to the time it takes
     to fill up the WAL file. <varname>archive_timeout</varname> can be used to make that delay
     shorter. Also note that you can't combine streaming replication with
     this method.

doc/src/sgml/hstore.sgml

@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ b
         Does <type>hstore</type> contain key?
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>exist('a=&gt;1','a')</literal>
+        <literal>exist('a=&gt;1', 'a')</literal>
         <returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ b
         for key?
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>defined('a=&gt;NULL','a')</literal>
+        <literal>defined('a=&gt;NULL', 'a')</literal>
         <returnvalue>f</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ b
         Deletes pair with matching key.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2','b')</literal>
+        <literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2', 'b')</literal>
         <returnvalue>"a"=&gt;"1"</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ b
         Deletes pairs with matching keys.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2,c=&gt;3',ARRAY['a','b'])</literal>
+        <literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2,c=&gt;3', ARRAY['a','b'])</literal>
         <returnvalue>"c"=&gt;"3"</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ b
         Deletes pairs matching those in the second argument.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2','a=&gt;4,b=&gt;2'::hstore)</literal>
+        <literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2', 'a=&gt;4,b=&gt;2'::hstore)</literal>
         <returnvalue>"a"=&gt;"1"</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>

doc/src/sgml/indexam.sgml

@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ amgettuple (IndexScanDesc scan,
    will pass the caller's snapshot test.  On success, <function>amgettuple</function>
    must also set <literal>scan-&gt;xs_recheck</literal> to true or false.
    False means it is certain that the index entry matches the scan keys.
-   true means this is not certain, and the conditions represented by the
+   True means this is not certain, and the conditions represented by the
    scan keys must be rechecked against the heap tuple after fetching it.
    This provision supports <quote>lossy</quote> index operators.
    Note that rechecking will extend only to the scan conditions; a partial

doc/src/sgml/isn.sgml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
   hard-coded list of prefixes; this list of prefixes is also used to hyphenate
   numbers on output.  Since new prefixes are assigned from time to time, the
   list of prefixes may be out of date.  It is hoped that a future version of
-  this module will obtained the prefix list from one or more tables that
+  this module will obtain the prefix list from one or more tables that
   can be easily updated by users as needed; however, at present, the
   list can only be updated by modifying the source code and recompiling.
   Alternatively, prefix validation and hyphenation support may be

doc/src/sgml/ltree.sgml

@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ Europe & Russia*@ & !Transportation
         position <parameter>end</parameter>-1 (counting from 0).
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>subltree('Top.Child1.Child2',1,2)</literal>
+        <literal>subltree('Top.Child1.Child2', 1, 2)</literal>
         <returnvalue>Child1</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ Europe &amp; Russia*@ &amp; !Transportation
         the end of the path.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>subpath('Top.Child1.Child2',0,2)</literal>
+        <literal>subpath('Top.Child1.Child2', 0, 2)</literal>
         <returnvalue>Top.Child1</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ Europe &amp; Russia*@ &amp; !Transportation
         from the end of the path.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>subpath('Top.Child1.Child2',1)</literal>
+        <literal>subpath('Top.Child1.Child2', 1)</literal>
         <returnvalue>Child1.Child2</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ Europe &amp; Russia*@ &amp; !Transportation
         <parameter>a</parameter>, or -1 if not found.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>index('0.1.2.3.5.4.5.6.8.5.6.8','5.6')</literal>
+        <literal>index('0.1.2.3.5.4.5.6.8.5.6.8', '5.6')</literal>
         <returnvalue>6</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ Europe &amp; Russia*@ &amp; !Transportation
         start <parameter>-offset</parameter> labels from the end of the path.
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>index('0.1.2.3.5.4.5.6.8.5.6.8','5.6',-4)</literal>
+        <literal>index('0.1.2.3.5.4.5.6.8.5.6.8', '5.6', -4)</literal>
         <returnvalue>9</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ Europe &amp; Russia*@ &amp; !Transportation
         (up to 8 arguments are supported).
        </para>
        <para>
-        <literal>lca('1.2.3','1.2.3.4.5.6')</literal>
+        <literal>lca('1.2.3', '1.2.3.4.5.6')</literal>
         <returnvalue>1.2</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>

doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml

@@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@ ERROR:  could not serialize access due to read/write dependencies among transact
         <para>
          The <literal>FOR UPDATE</literal> lock mode
          is also acquired by any <command>DELETE</command> on a row, and also by an
-         <command>UPDATE</command> that modifies the values on certain columns.  Currently,
+         <command>UPDATE</command> that modifies the values of certain columns.  Currently,
          the set of columns considered for the <command>UPDATE</command> case are those that
          have a unique index on them that can be used in a foreign key (so partial
          indexes and expressional indexes are not considered), but this may change

doc/src/sgml/parallel.sgml

@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM pgbench_accounts WHERE filler LIKE '%x%';
   </para>
 
   <para>
-    The following operations are always parallel restricted.
+    The following operations are always parallel restricted:
   </para>
 
   <itemizedlist>