Remove PROC_IN_SAFE_IC optimization

This optimization allowed concurrent index builds to ignore other indexes without expressions or predicates. With the new snapshot handling approach that periodically refreshes snapshots, this optimization is no longer necessary.

The change simplifies concurrent index build code by:
- removing the PROC_IN_SAFE_IC process status flag
- eliminating set_indexsafe_procflags() calls and related logic
- removing special case handling in GetCurrentVirtualXIDs()
- removing related test cases and injection points

Author: michail-nikolaev

src/backend/access/brin/brin.c

@@ -2893,11 +2893,9 @@ _brin_parallel_build_main(dsm_segment *seg, shm_toc *toc)
 	int			sortmem;
 
 	/*
-	 * The only possible status flag that can be set to the parallel worker is
-	 * PROC_IN_SAFE_IC.
+	 * There are no possible status flag that can be set to the parallel worker.
 	 */
-	Assert((MyProc->statusFlags == 0) ||
-		   (MyProc->statusFlags == PROC_IN_SAFE_IC));
+	Assert(MyProc->statusFlags == 0);
 
 	/* Set debug_query_string for individual workers first */
 	sharedquery = shm_toc_lookup(toc, PARALLEL_KEY_QUERY_TEXT, true);

src/backend/access/gin/gininsert.c

@@ -2106,11 +2106,9 @@ _gin_parallel_build_main(dsm_segment *seg, shm_toc *toc)
 	int			sortmem;
 
 	/*
-	 * The only possible status flag that can be set to the parallel worker is
-	 * PROC_IN_SAFE_IC.
+	 * There are no possible status flag that can be set to the parallel worker.
 	 */
-	Assert((MyProc->statusFlags == 0) ||
-		   (MyProc->statusFlags == PROC_IN_SAFE_IC));
+	Assert(MyProc->statusFlags == 0);
 
 	/* Set debug_query_string for individual workers first */
 	sharedquery = shm_toc_lookup(toc, PARALLEL_KEY_QUERY_TEXT, true);

src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtsort.c

@@ -1910,11 +1910,9 @@ _bt_parallel_build_main(dsm_segment *seg, shm_toc *toc)
 #endif							/* BTREE_BUILD_STATS */
 
 	/*
-	 * The only possible status flag that can be set to the parallel worker is
-	 * PROC_IN_SAFE_IC.
+	 * There are no possible status flag that can be set to the parallel worker.
 	 */
-	Assert((MyProc->statusFlags == 0) ||
-		   (MyProc->statusFlags == PROC_IN_SAFE_IC));
+	Assert(MyProc->statusFlags == 0);
 
 	/* Set debug_query_string for individual workers first */
 	sharedquery = shm_toc_lookup(toc, PARALLEL_KEY_QUERY_TEXT, true);

src/backend/commands/indexcmds.c

@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@ static bool ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt,
 										Oid relationOid,
 										const ReindexParams *params);
 static void update_relispartition(Oid relationId, bool newval);
-static inline void set_indexsafe_procflags(void);
 
 /*
  * callback argument type for RangeVarCallbackForReindexIndex()
@@ -418,10 +417,7 @@ CompareOpclassOptions(const Datum *opts1, const Datum *opts2, int natts)
  * lazy VACUUMs, because they won't be fazed by missing index entries
  * either.  (Manual ANALYZEs, however, can't be excluded because they
  * might be within transactions that are going to do arbitrary operations
- * later.)  Processes running CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY or REINDEX CONCURRENTLY
- * on indexes that are neither expressional nor partial are also safe to
- * ignore, since we know that those processes won't examine any data
- * outside the table they're indexing.
+ * later.)
  *
  * Also, GetCurrentVirtualXIDs never reports our own vxid, so we need not
  * check for that.
@@ -442,8 +438,7 @@ WaitForOlderSnapshots(TransactionId limitXmin, bool progress)
 	VirtualTransactionId *old_snapshots;
 
 	old_snapshots = GetCurrentVirtualXIDs(limitXmin, true, false,
-										  PROC_IS_AUTOVACUUM | PROC_IN_VACUUM
-										  | PROC_IN_SAFE_IC,
+										  PROC_IS_AUTOVACUUM | PROC_IN_VACUUM,
 										  &n_old_snapshots);
 	if (progress)
 		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_WAITFOR_TOTAL, n_old_snapshots);
@@ -463,8 +458,7 @@ WaitForOlderSnapshots(TransactionId limitXmin, bool progress)
 
 			newer_snapshots = GetCurrentVirtualXIDs(limitXmin,
 													true, false,
-													PROC_IS_AUTOVACUUM | PROC_IN_VACUUM
-													| PROC_IN_SAFE_IC,
+													PROC_IS_AUTOVACUUM | PROC_IN_VACUUM,
 													&n_newer_snapshots);
 			for (j = i; j < n_old_snapshots; j++)
 			{
@@ -578,7 +572,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 	amoptions_function amoptions;
 	bool		exclusion;
 	bool		partitioned;
-	bool		safe_index;
 	Datum		reloptions;
 	int16	   *coloptions;
 	IndexInfo  *indexInfo;
@@ -1181,10 +1174,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* Is index safe for others to ignore?  See set_indexsafe_procflags() */
-	safe_index = indexInfo->ii_Expressions == NIL &&
-		indexInfo->ii_Predicate == NIL;
-
 	/*
 	 * Report index creation if appropriate (delay this till after most of the
 	 * error checks)
@@ -1671,10 +1660,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/* Tell concurrent index builds to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-	if (safe_index)
-		set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 	/*
 	 * The index is now visible, so we can report the OID.  While on it,
 	 * include the report for the beginning of phase 2.
@@ -1729,9 +1714,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/* Tell concurrent index builds to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-	if (safe_index)
-		set_indexsafe_procflags();
 	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
 							 PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_WAIT_2);
 	/*
@@ -1761,10 +1743,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/* Tell concurrent index builds to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-	if (safe_index)
-		set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 	/*
 	 * Phase 3 of concurrent index build
 	 *
@@ -1790,9 +1768,7 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
-	/* Tell concurrent index builds to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-	if (safe_index)
-		set_indexsafe_procflags();
+
 	/*
 	 * Merge content of auxiliary and target indexes - insert any missing index entries.
 	 */
@@ -1809,9 +1785,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/* Tell concurrent index builds to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-	if (safe_index)
-		set_indexsafe_procflags();
 
 	/* We should now definitely not be advertising any xmin. */
 	Assert(MyProc->xmin == InvalidTransactionId);
@@ -1852,10 +1825,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/* Tell concurrent index builds to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-	if (safe_index)
-		set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
 							 PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_WAIT_5);
 	/* Now wait for all transaction to see auxiliary as "non-ready for inserts" */
@@ -1876,10 +1845,6 @@ DefineIndex(Oid tableId,
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/* Tell concurrent index builds to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-	if (safe_index)
-		set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
 							 PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_WAIT_6);
 	/* Now wait for all transaction to ignore auxiliary because it is dead */
@@ -3620,7 +3585,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		Oid			junkAuxIndexId;
 		Oid			tableId;
 		Oid			amId;
-		bool		safe;		/* for set_indexsafe_procflags */
 	} ReindexIndexInfo;
 	List	   *heapRelationIds = NIL;
 	List	   *indexIds = NIL;
@@ -3994,17 +3958,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		save_nestlevel = NewGUCNestLevel();
 		RestrictSearchPath();
 
-		/* determine safety of this index for set_indexsafe_procflags */
-		idx->safe = (RelationGetIndexExpressions(indexRel) == NIL &&
-					 RelationGetIndexPredicate(indexRel) == NIL);
-
-#ifdef USE_INJECTION_POINTS
-		if (idx->safe)
-			INJECTION_POINT("reindex-conc-index-safe", NULL);
-		else
-			INJECTION_POINT("reindex-conc-index-not-safe", NULL);
-#endif
-
 		idx->tableId = RelationGetRelid(heapRel);
 		idx->amId = indexRel->rd_rel->relam;
 
@@ -4070,7 +4023,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		newidx->indexId = newIndexId;
 		newidx->auxIndexId = auxIndexId;
 		newidx->junkAuxIndexId = junkAuxIndexId;
-		newidx->safe = idx->safe;
 		newidx->tableId = idx->tableId;
 		newidx->amId = idx->amId;
 
@@ -4171,11 +4123,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * Because we don't take a snapshot in this transaction, there's no need
-	 * to set the PROC_IN_SAFE_IC flag here.
-	 */
-
 	/*
 	 * Phase 2 of REINDEX CONCURRENTLY
 	 *
@@ -4207,10 +4154,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		 */
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		/* Tell concurrent indexing to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-		if (newidx->safe)
-			set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 		/* Build auxiliary index, it is fast - without any actual heap scan, just an empty index. */
 		index_concurrently_build(newidx->tableId, newidx->auxIndexId);
 
@@ -4219,11 +4162,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * Because we don't take a snapshot in this transaction, there's no need
-	 * to set the PROC_IN_SAFE_IC flag here.
-	 */
-
 	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
 								 PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_WAIT_2);
 	/*
@@ -4248,10 +4186,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		 */
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		/* Tell concurrent indexing to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-		if (newidx->safe)
-			set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 		/*
 		 * Update progress for the index to build, with the correct parent
 		 * table involved.
@@ -4271,11 +4205,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * Because we don't take a snapshot or Xid in this transaction, there's no
-	 * need to set the PROC_IN_SAFE_IC flag here.
-	 */
-
 	pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
 								 PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_WAIT_3);
 	WaitForLockersMultiple(lockTags, ShareLock, true);
@@ -4297,10 +4226,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		 */
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		/* Tell concurrent indexing to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-		if (newidx->safe)
-			set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 		/*
 		 * Updating pg_index might involve TOAST table access, so ensure we
 		 * have a valid snapshot.
@@ -4336,10 +4261,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		 */
 		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-		/* Tell concurrent indexing to ignore us, if index qualifies */
-		if (newidx->safe)
-			set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 		/*
 		 * Update progress for the index to build, with the correct parent
 		 * table involved.
@@ -4367,9 +4288,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 		 * interesting tuples.  But since it might not contain tuples deleted
 		 * just before the latest snap was taken, we have to wait out any
 		 * transactions that might have older snapshots.
-		 *
-		 * Because we don't take a snapshot or Xid in this transaction,
-		 * there's no need to set the PROC_IN_SAFE_IC flag here.
 		 */
 		pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
 									 PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_WAIT_4);
@@ -4391,13 +4309,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 	INJECTION_POINT("reindex_relation_concurrently_before_swap", NULL);
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * Because this transaction only does catalog manipulations and doesn't do
-	 * any index operations, we can set the PROC_IN_SAFE_IC flag here
-	 * unconditionally.
-	 */
-	set_indexsafe_procflags();
-
 	forboth(lc, indexIds, lc2, newIndexIds)
 	{
 		ReindexIndexInfo *oldidx = lfirst(lc);
@@ -4453,12 +4364,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * While we could set PROC_IN_SAFE_IC if all indexes qualified, there's no
-	 * real need for that, because we only acquire an Xid after the wait is
-	 * done, and that lasts for a very short period.
-	 */
-
 	/*
 	 * Phase 5 of REINDEX CONCURRENTLY
 	 *
@@ -4522,12 +4427,6 @@ ReindexRelationConcurrently(const ReindexStmt *stmt, Oid relationOid, const Rein
 	CommitTransactionCommand();
 	StartTransactionCommand();
 
-	/*
-	 * While we could set PROC_IN_SAFE_IC if all indexes qualified, there's no
-	 * real need for that, because we only acquire an Xid after the wait is
-	 * done, and that lasts for a very short period.
-	 */
-
 	/*
 	 * Phase 6 of REINDEX CONCURRENTLY
 	 *
@@ -4795,36 +4694,3 @@ update_relispartition(Oid relationId, bool newval)
 	table_close(classRel, RowExclusiveLock);
 }
 
-/*
- * Set the PROC_IN_SAFE_IC flag in MyProc->statusFlags.
- *
- * When doing concurrent index builds, we can set this flag
- * to tell other processes concurrently running CREATE
- * INDEX CONCURRENTLY or REINDEX CONCURRENTLY to ignore us when
- * doing their waits for concurrent snapshots.  On one hand it
- * avoids pointlessly waiting for a process that's not interesting
- * anyway; but more importantly it avoids deadlocks in some cases.
- *
- * This can be done safely only for indexes that don't execute any
- * expressions that could access other tables, so index must not be
- * expressional nor partial.  Caller is responsible for only calling
- * this routine when that assumption holds true.
- *
- * (The flag is reset automatically at transaction end, so it must be
- * set for each transaction.)
- */
-static inline void
-set_indexsafe_procflags(void)
-{
-	/*
-	 * This should only be called before installing xid or xmin in MyProc;
-	 * otherwise, concurrent processes could see an Xmin that moves backwards.
-	 */
-	Assert(MyProc->xid == InvalidTransactionId &&
-		   MyProc->xmin == InvalidTransactionId);
-
-	LWLockAcquire(ProcArrayLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
-	MyProc->statusFlags |= PROC_IN_SAFE_IC;
-	ProcGlobal->statusFlags[MyProc->pgxactoff] = MyProc->statusFlags;
-	LWLockRelease(ProcArrayLock);
-}