Creational Design Patterns are focused on the creation of objects in a flexible and efficient manner.
Instead of instantiating objects directly with new, creational patterns abstract the instantiation process, giving you more control over:
- What is created
- How it is created
- When it is created
Look for these signs:
- Direct use of
newis avoided in most places. - Object creation is centralized or delegated.
- There's a need for:
- Controlling how many instances of a class are created.
- Selecting among multiple concrete implementations.
- Delaying or customizing object creation.
- Reusing previously created instances.
- Promote loose coupling between classes.
- Encapsulate object creation logic.
- Improve flexibility and scalability.
- Help with testability (e.g., mocking dependencies).
| Pattern Name | What It Does | When to Use |
|---|---|---|
| Singleton | Ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global access point | When you need one (and only one) instance of a class |
| Factory Method | Creates objects without exposing the instantiation logic to the client | When you have a supertype with multiple subtypes |
| Abstract Factory | Provides an interface to create families of related objects | When your system needs to be independent of the way its objects are created |
| Builder | Constructs complex objects step by step | When object creation requires many steps or configurations |
| Prototype | Creates new objects by copying an existing object (cloning) | When object creation is expensive and similar objects are needed repeatedly |
- 🧍 Singleton: "I need exactly one instance globally shared."
- 🏭 Factory Method: "I need to return different subtypes based on input."
- 🧩 Abstract Factory: "I need to return related groups of objects together."
- 🏗️ Builder: "I need to build an object step-by-step with optional values."
- 🧬 Prototype: "I need to duplicate existing instances instead of building from scratch."
Creational Patterns help you create objects in a smart way — controlling how they're built, what they contain, and how many exist.
You often see these patterns combined.
For example:
🔄 Builder + Singleton → a single builder object that configures different complex instances.
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