The recent rise in large scale trials of mobile software us- ing ‘app stores’ has moved current r... more The recent rise in large scale trials of mobile software us- ing ‘app stores’ has moved current researcher practice be- yond available ethical guidelines. By surveying this recent and growing body of literature, as well as established pro- fessional principles adopted in psychology, we propose a set of ethical guidelines for large scale HCI user trials. These guidelines come in two parts: a set of general principles and a framework into which individual app store-based trials can be assessed and ethical concerns exposed. We categorise exist- ing literature using our scheme, and explain how researchers could use our framework to classify their future user trials to determine ethical responsibility, and the steps required to meet these obligations.
We apply a statistical modelling-based approach to exploring, analysing and predicting behavioura... more We apply a statistical modelling-based approach to exploring, analysing and predicting behavioural patterns of users of mobile software. The technique employed represents the behaviour of each user through a weighted mixture over data-generating distributions. In the described pilot study, we show how we have modelled the behaviour of over a hundred users of an iOS game. We illustrate how this modelling approach can be used to determine user play strategies and learning rates and show how this affects the length of time users keep returning to play the game. We describe our ongoing work, including feeding results of the modelling into the design process.
“Future applications of ubicomp should be driven by both the expressed and observed needs of user... more “Future applications of ubicomp should be driven by both the expressed and observed needs of users.[...] Users' control of such systems should be maximised and, given the heterogeneity of likely patterns of use, such systems must also be tailorable by the user. It is not possible to predict the social conventions governing the modes of use of ubiquitous computing that will come into being, so empirical studies of new applications [are] essential.”
Abstract We use an increasing number and variety of systems to present information. Many of the e... more Abstract We use an increasing number and variety of systems to present information. Many of the early visualisation systems concentrated on scientific information where dimensions were low in number, objective and orthogonal eg in visualising fluid flow over a turbine, or population density over a nation. Recently, however, more complex information has been the subject of spatial models, for example databases of documents, patterns of economic and financial data, and design spaces for electronic circuits.
Abstract The recent rise in popularity of 'app store'markets on a number of different mobile plat... more Abstract The recent rise in popularity of 'app store'markets on a number of different mobile platforms has provided a means for researchers to run worldwide trials of ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) applications with very large numbers of users. This opportunity raises challenges, however, as more traditional methods of running trials and gathering data for analysis might be infeasible or fail to scale up to a large, globally-spread user base.
Abstract This paper investigates emergent practices around'microblogging', changing and sharing s... more Abstract This paper investigates emergent practices around'microblogging', changing and sharing status within a social group. We present results from a trial of'Connecto', a phone based status and location sharing application that allows a group to'tag'areas and have individuals' locations shared automatically on a mobile phone. In use the system moved beyond being an awareness tool to a way of continuing the ongoing'story'of conversations within the group.
Abstract This work investigates current attitudes towards the involvement of others during weight... more Abstract This work investigates current attitudes towards the involvement of others during weight-management (WM). It is prompted by ongoing attempts to harness social influence within system design so as to promote an increase in physical activity, with obesity often cited as a motivation. Through in-depth interviews, we have found that the complexities of sharing information in existing WM practices are not reflected in current system designs.
Digital libraries are collections of information that have associated services delivered to user ... more Digital libraries are collections of information that have associated services delivered to user communities using a variety of technologies. The collections of information can be scientific, business or personal data, and can be represented as digital text, image, audio, video, or other media. This information can be digitised paper or born digital material and the services offered on such information can be varied, ranging from content operations to rights management and can be offered to individuals or user communities.
Abstract: This paper presents an architecture and software infrastructure for collaborative ubiqu... more Abstract: This paper presents an architecture and software infrastructure for collaborative ubiquitous systems based around the EQUIP data sharing system. A peer-to-peer approach is used between mobile systems, such that peers are discovered and messages are passed between different system components without the need for a central server.
Abstract. New pervasive games draw upon the location of players and objects as well as the availa... more Abstract. New pervasive games draw upon the location of players and objects as well as the availability of several mobile players to create an appealing experience in a large game site. The games include support for interaction other players as well as with location. The advances in games research is of benefit for specific mobile work where a vast site is both topic and resource to get the job done.
ABSTRACT Sharing events with others is an important part of many enjoyable experiences. While mos... more ABSTRACT Sharing events with others is an important part of many enjoyable experiences. While most existing co-presence systems focus on work tasks, in this paper we describe a lightweight mobile system designed for sharing leisure. This system allows city visitors to share their experiences with others both far and near, through tablet computers which share photographs, voice and locations. A collaborative filtering algorithm uses historical data of previous visits to recommend photos, web pages and places to visitors.
Abstract: The application of self-monitoring technologies to the problem of promoting health-rela... more Abstract: The application of self-monitoring technologies to the problem of promoting health-related behavioural change has been an active area of research for many years. This paper reports on our investigations into health-related behavioural change within the context of a cardiac rehabilitation programme, and considers the role that selfmonitoring currently plays and may play in the future. We carried out semi-structured interviews with nineteen cardiac rehabilitation participants.
We focus on visualisation techniques used in genome browsers and report on a new technique, Carto... more We focus on visualisation techniques used in genome browsers and report on a new technique, CartoonPlus, which improves the visual representation of data. We describe our use of smooth zooming and panning, and a new scaling algorithm and focus on options. CartoonPlus allows the users to see data not in original size but scaled, depending on the data type which is interactively chosen by the users. In VisGenome we have chosen genes as the basis for scaling.
Abstract Visualisation systems consisting of a set of components through which data and interacti... more Abstract Visualisation systems consisting of a set of components through which data and interaction commands flow have been explored by a number of researchers. Such hybrid and multistage algorithms can be used to reduce overall computation time, and to provide views of the data that show intermediate results and the outputs of complementary algorithms.
The production of final states involving one or more energetic photons from e+ e− collisions is s... more The production of final states involving one or more energetic photons from e+ e− collisions is studied in a sample of 58.5 pb− 1 of data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 183 GeV by the ALEPH detector at LEP. The e+ e−→ ν ν ̄ γ (γ) and e+ e−→ γγ (γ) cross sections are measured. The data are in good agreement with predictions based on the Standard Model and are used to set upper limits on the cross sections for anomalous photon production in the context of two supersymmetric models and for various extensions to QED.
City deals with the way that ubicomp technologies' integration with communications networks suppo... more City deals with the way that ubicomp technologies' integration with communications networks supports interaction between people in different locations and contexts where, by definition, they have different resources at hand. As they discuss and refer to contextual information, heterogeneity is inevitable: one person can use the non–digital resources of his or her location while others have only digital representations of that location.
Abstract As mobile computing technologies become common, there is an ever-greater interest in eva... more Abstract As mobile computing technologies become common, there is an ever-greater interest in evaluation and analysis of such systems. Evaluating the use of large, multi-user, mobile systems can be a challenging task and can be aided by analysing both system-generated logs of activity and video of user behaviour. Replayer provides a distributed, cross platform toolkit for utilising multiple coordinated visualisations in the analysis and understanding of these heterogeneous forms of data.
Abstract The recent auctioning of wireless bandwidth in various countries indicates that the serv... more Abstract The recent auctioning of wireless bandwidth in various countries indicates that the service provided by Telcos over these networks will be very expensive. A new type of architecture is currently evolving as a low cost alternative cellular wireless service by allowing the users to play the role of a wireless network operator. Some users of the current Internet may install a low cost base station based on their needs and interconnection between these base stations will form a grid of wireless Internet.
Abstract Data can be distinguished according to volume, variable types and distribution, and each... more Abstract Data can be distinguished according to volume, variable types and distribution, and each of these characteristics imposes constraints upon the choice of applicable algorithms for their visualisation. This has led to an abundance of often disparate algorithmic techniques. Previous work has shown that a hybrid algorithmic approach can be successful in addressing the impact of data volume on the feasibility of multidimensional scaling (MDS).
Abstract: Many clustering and layout techniques have been used for structuring and visualising co... more Abstract: Many clustering and layout techniques have been used for structuring and visualising complex data. This paper explores a number of combinations and variants of sampling, K-means clustering and spring models in making such layouts, using Chalmers? 1996 linear iteration time spring model as a benchmark. This algorithm runs in O (N* N) time overall, but the run times for the new algorithms we describe reach O (N* sqrt (N)).
The recent rise in large scale trials of mobile software us- ing ‘app stores’ has moved current r... more The recent rise in large scale trials of mobile software us- ing ‘app stores’ has moved current researcher practice be- yond available ethical guidelines. By surveying this recent and growing body of literature, as well as established pro- fessional principles adopted in psychology, we propose a set of ethical guidelines for large scale HCI user trials. These guidelines come in two parts: a set of general principles and a framework into which individual app store-based trials can be assessed and ethical concerns exposed. We categorise exist- ing literature using our scheme, and explain how researchers could use our framework to classify their future user trials to determine ethical responsibility, and the steps required to meet these obligations.
We apply a statistical modelling-based approach to exploring, analysing and predicting behavioura... more We apply a statistical modelling-based approach to exploring, analysing and predicting behavioural patterns of users of mobile software. The technique employed represents the behaviour of each user through a weighted mixture over data-generating distributions. In the described pilot study, we show how we have modelled the behaviour of over a hundred users of an iOS game. We illustrate how this modelling approach can be used to determine user play strategies and learning rates and show how this affects the length of time users keep returning to play the game. We describe our ongoing work, including feeding results of the modelling into the design process.
“Future applications of ubicomp should be driven by both the expressed and observed needs of user... more “Future applications of ubicomp should be driven by both the expressed and observed needs of users.[...] Users' control of such systems should be maximised and, given the heterogeneity of likely patterns of use, such systems must also be tailorable by the user. It is not possible to predict the social conventions governing the modes of use of ubiquitous computing that will come into being, so empirical studies of new applications [are] essential.”
Abstract We use an increasing number and variety of systems to present information. Many of the e... more Abstract We use an increasing number and variety of systems to present information. Many of the early visualisation systems concentrated on scientific information where dimensions were low in number, objective and orthogonal eg in visualising fluid flow over a turbine, or population density over a nation. Recently, however, more complex information has been the subject of spatial models, for example databases of documents, patterns of economic and financial data, and design spaces for electronic circuits.
Abstract The recent rise in popularity of 'app store'markets on a number of different mobile plat... more Abstract The recent rise in popularity of 'app store'markets on a number of different mobile platforms has provided a means for researchers to run worldwide trials of ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) applications with very large numbers of users. This opportunity raises challenges, however, as more traditional methods of running trials and gathering data for analysis might be infeasible or fail to scale up to a large, globally-spread user base.
Abstract This paper investigates emergent practices around'microblogging', changing and sharing s... more Abstract This paper investigates emergent practices around'microblogging', changing and sharing status within a social group. We present results from a trial of'Connecto', a phone based status and location sharing application that allows a group to'tag'areas and have individuals' locations shared automatically on a mobile phone. In use the system moved beyond being an awareness tool to a way of continuing the ongoing'story'of conversations within the group.
Abstract This work investigates current attitudes towards the involvement of others during weight... more Abstract This work investigates current attitudes towards the involvement of others during weight-management (WM). It is prompted by ongoing attempts to harness social influence within system design so as to promote an increase in physical activity, with obesity often cited as a motivation. Through in-depth interviews, we have found that the complexities of sharing information in existing WM practices are not reflected in current system designs.
Digital libraries are collections of information that have associated services delivered to user ... more Digital libraries are collections of information that have associated services delivered to user communities using a variety of technologies. The collections of information can be scientific, business or personal data, and can be represented as digital text, image, audio, video, or other media. This information can be digitised paper or born digital material and the services offered on such information can be varied, ranging from content operations to rights management and can be offered to individuals or user communities.
Abstract: This paper presents an architecture and software infrastructure for collaborative ubiqu... more Abstract: This paper presents an architecture and software infrastructure for collaborative ubiquitous systems based around the EQUIP data sharing system. A peer-to-peer approach is used between mobile systems, such that peers are discovered and messages are passed between different system components without the need for a central server.
Abstract. New pervasive games draw upon the location of players and objects as well as the availa... more Abstract. New pervasive games draw upon the location of players and objects as well as the availability of several mobile players to create an appealing experience in a large game site. The games include support for interaction other players as well as with location. The advances in games research is of benefit for specific mobile work where a vast site is both topic and resource to get the job done.
ABSTRACT Sharing events with others is an important part of many enjoyable experiences. While mos... more ABSTRACT Sharing events with others is an important part of many enjoyable experiences. While most existing co-presence systems focus on work tasks, in this paper we describe a lightweight mobile system designed for sharing leisure. This system allows city visitors to share their experiences with others both far and near, through tablet computers which share photographs, voice and locations. A collaborative filtering algorithm uses historical data of previous visits to recommend photos, web pages and places to visitors.
Abstract: The application of self-monitoring technologies to the problem of promoting health-rela... more Abstract: The application of self-monitoring technologies to the problem of promoting health-related behavioural change has been an active area of research for many years. This paper reports on our investigations into health-related behavioural change within the context of a cardiac rehabilitation programme, and considers the role that selfmonitoring currently plays and may play in the future. We carried out semi-structured interviews with nineteen cardiac rehabilitation participants.
We focus on visualisation techniques used in genome browsers and report on a new technique, Carto... more We focus on visualisation techniques used in genome browsers and report on a new technique, CartoonPlus, which improves the visual representation of data. We describe our use of smooth zooming and panning, and a new scaling algorithm and focus on options. CartoonPlus allows the users to see data not in original size but scaled, depending on the data type which is interactively chosen by the users. In VisGenome we have chosen genes as the basis for scaling.
Abstract Visualisation systems consisting of a set of components through which data and interacti... more Abstract Visualisation systems consisting of a set of components through which data and interaction commands flow have been explored by a number of researchers. Such hybrid and multistage algorithms can be used to reduce overall computation time, and to provide views of the data that show intermediate results and the outputs of complementary algorithms.
The production of final states involving one or more energetic photons from e+ e− collisions is s... more The production of final states involving one or more energetic photons from e+ e− collisions is studied in a sample of 58.5 pb− 1 of data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 183 GeV by the ALEPH detector at LEP. The e+ e−→ ν ν ̄ γ (γ) and e+ e−→ γγ (γ) cross sections are measured. The data are in good agreement with predictions based on the Standard Model and are used to set upper limits on the cross sections for anomalous photon production in the context of two supersymmetric models and for various extensions to QED.
City deals with the way that ubicomp technologies' integration with communications networks suppo... more City deals with the way that ubicomp technologies' integration with communications networks supports interaction between people in different locations and contexts where, by definition, they have different resources at hand. As they discuss and refer to contextual information, heterogeneity is inevitable: one person can use the non–digital resources of his or her location while others have only digital representations of that location.
Abstract As mobile computing technologies become common, there is an ever-greater interest in eva... more Abstract As mobile computing technologies become common, there is an ever-greater interest in evaluation and analysis of such systems. Evaluating the use of large, multi-user, mobile systems can be a challenging task and can be aided by analysing both system-generated logs of activity and video of user behaviour. Replayer provides a distributed, cross platform toolkit for utilising multiple coordinated visualisations in the analysis and understanding of these heterogeneous forms of data.
Abstract The recent auctioning of wireless bandwidth in various countries indicates that the serv... more Abstract The recent auctioning of wireless bandwidth in various countries indicates that the service provided by Telcos over these networks will be very expensive. A new type of architecture is currently evolving as a low cost alternative cellular wireless service by allowing the users to play the role of a wireless network operator. Some users of the current Internet may install a low cost base station based on their needs and interconnection between these base stations will form a grid of wireless Internet.
Abstract Data can be distinguished according to volume, variable types and distribution, and each... more Abstract Data can be distinguished according to volume, variable types and distribution, and each of these characteristics imposes constraints upon the choice of applicable algorithms for their visualisation. This has led to an abundance of often disparate algorithmic techniques. Previous work has shown that a hybrid algorithmic approach can be successful in addressing the impact of data volume on the feasibility of multidimensional scaling (MDS).
Abstract: Many clustering and layout techniques have been used for structuring and visualising co... more Abstract: Many clustering and layout techniques have been used for structuring and visualising complex data. This paper explores a number of combinations and variants of sampling, K-means clustering and spring models in making such layouts, using Chalmers? 1996 linear iteration time spring model as a benchmark. This algorithm runs in O (N* N) time overall, but the run times for the new algorithms we describe reach O (N* sqrt (N)).
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