Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Summary
Vorasidenib is a isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1) and 2 (IDH2) inhibitor used to treat Grade 2 astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma with a susceptible IDH1 or IDH2 mutation.
- Brand Names
- Voranigo
- Generic Name
- Vorasidenib
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB17097
- Background
Vorasidenib is a first-in-class dual isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2) inhibitor.1 It works by suppressing the levels of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), an oncometabolite produced by mutant IDH1 and IDH2 isoforms.6 Vorasidenib displayed improved brain penetration and higher drug exposure compared to other IDH inhibitors such as ivosidenib and enasidenib.1
Vorasidenib was first approved by the FDA on August 6, 2024, for the treatment of Grade 2 astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma with a susceptible IDH1 or IDH2 mutation.7
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Vorasidenib (DB17097)
- Weight
- Average: 414.74
Monoisotopic: 414.0794411 - Chemical Formula
- C14H13ClF6N6
- Synonyms
- 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine, 6-(6-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-n2,n4-bis((1r)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-
- Vorasidenib
- External IDs
- AG 881
- AG-881
- AG881
Pharmacology
- Indication
Vorasidenib is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 12 years and older with Grade 2 astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma with a susceptible isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) or isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2) mutation following surgery including biopsy, sub-total resection, or gross total resection.6
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Grade 2 astrocytoma •••••••••••• ••••••••••• ••••• •••• •••••••• Treatment of Grade 2 astrocytoma •••••••••••• ••••••••••• ••••• •••• •••••••• Treatment of Grade 2 oligodendroglioma •••••••••••• ••••••••••• ••••• •••• •••••••• Treatment of Grade 2 oligodendroglioma •••••••••••• ••••••••••• ••••• •••• •••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Vorasidenib works to reduce tumour growth and invasion in IDH-mutant glioma. In patients with low-grade IDH-mutant glioma, vorasidenib significantly improved progression-free survival and delayed the time to the next anticancer intervention.4,5
Vorasidenib decreases 2-HG tumour concentrations in patients with IDH1 or IDH2 mutated glioma. Relative to tumours from patients in the untreated group, the posterior median percentage reduction (95% credible interval) in tumour 2-HG was 64% (22%, 88%) to 93% (76%, 98%) in tumours from patients who received vorasidenib at exposures that were 0.3 to 0.8 times the exposure observed with the highest recommended dosage. The exposure-response relationship and time course of pharmacodynamic response for the safety and effectiveness of vorasidenib have not been fully characterized.6
- Mechanism of action
Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) enzymes can be identified in various malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and gliomas.1,2 Mutant enzymes produce an oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), which contributes to oncogenesis and tumour growth 1,2,3 by blocking the activity of α-ketoglutarate–dependent enzymes and causing epigenetic dysregulation, such as global DNA hypermethylation, and interfering with immunity.2,3
Vorasidenib is a small molecule inhibitor that targets isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2) enzymes. In vitro, vorasidenib inhibited the IDH1 wild-type and mutant variants, including R132H and the IDH2 wild-type and mutant variants. In cell-based and in vivo tumour models expressing IDH1 or IDH2 mutated proteins, vorasidenib decreased the production of 2-2-HG and partially restored cellular differentiation.6
Target Actions Organism AIsocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial inhibitorHumans AIsocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial inhibitorHumans AIsocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial inhibitorHumans AIsocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic inhibitorHumans AIsocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrial inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Vorasidenib maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and AUC increased approximately proportionally over the dose range of 10 to 200 mg (0.2 to 4 times the exposure of the highest approved recommended dosage) following once-daily administration of single and multiple doses. At the highest approved recommended dosage, steady-state mean (CV%) Cmax is 133 ng/mL (73%) and AUC is 1,988 h x ng/mL (95%). A steady state is achieved within 28 days of once-daily dosing, and the mean accumulation ratio of AUC is 4.4. The median (minimum, maximum) time to maximum plasma concentrations (Tmax) at steady-state is 2 hours (0.5 to 4 hours). The mean absolute bioavailability of vorasidenib is 34%.6
A high-fat and high-calorie (total 800-1,000 calories, of which 500-600 from fat) meal increased vorasidenib Cmax 3.1-fold and AUC 1.4-fold, compared to the fasting conditions. A low-fat and low-calorie (total 400-500 calories, of which 100-125 from fat) meal increased vorasidenib Cmax 2.3-fold and AUC 1.4-fold, compared to the fasting conditions.6
- Volume of distribution
The mean (CV%) volume of distribution at steady-state of vorasidenib is 3,930 L (40%).6 Vorasidenib penetrates the blood-brain barrier: The brain tumour-to-plasma concentration ratio is 1.6.6
- Protein binding
The protein binding is 97% in human plasma independent of vorasidenib concentrations in vitro.6
- Metabolism
Vorasidenib is primarily metabolized by CYP1A2 with minor contributions from CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A. Non-CYP pathways may contribute up to 30% of its metabolism.6 The exact metabolic pathways and metabolites have not been fully elucidated.
- Route of elimination
Following a single oral radiolabeled dose of vorasidenib, 85% of the dose was recovered in feces (56% unchanged) and 4.5% was recovered in urine.6
- Half-life
The mean (CV%) steady state terminal half-life is 10 days (57%).6
- Clearance
The mean (CV%) steady state oral clearance is 14 L/h (56%).6
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
There is no information regarding the acute toxicity (LD50) or overdose profile of vorasidenib.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbametapir The serum concentration of Vorasidenib can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Vorasidenib can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abemaciclib The metabolism of Abemaciclib can be increased when combined with Vorasidenib. Abiraterone The serum concentration of Vorasidenib can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone. Acalabrutinib The metabolism of Acalabrutinib can be increased when combined with Vorasidenib. - Food Interactions
- Take with or without food. A high-fat and high-calorie increases vorasidenib and Cmax, but not to a clinically significant extent.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Vorasidenib citrate X478M962XG 2316810-02-1 YOUTVRFNJAAFNS-DLVAHKFUSA-N Vorasidenib citrate anhydrous W4XG3EQK7B 2316810-00-9 OCEHQNOYRLHJCI-WPRTUUMNSA-N - Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Voranigo Tablet, film coated 40 mg/1 Oral Servier Pharmaceuticals LLC 2024-08-07 Not applicable US 
Voranigo Tablet, film coated 10 mg/1 Oral Servier Pharmaceuticals LLC 2024-08-07 Not applicable US Voranigo Tablet 40 mg Oral Servier Not applicable Not applicable Canada 
Voranigo Tablet 10 mg Oral Servier Not applicable Not applicable Canada
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Amines
- BCRP/ABCG2 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) inhibitors
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2) Inhibitors
- Polyamines
- Classification
- Not classified
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 789Q85GA8P
- CAS number
- 1644545-52-7
- InChI Key
- QCZAWDGAVJMPTA-RNFRBKRXSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C14H13ClF6N6/c1-6(13(16,17)18)22-11-25-10(8-4-3-5-9(15)24-8)26-12(27-11)23-7(2)14(19,20)21/h3-7H,1-2H3,(H2,22,23,25,26,27)/t6-,7-/m1/s1
- IUPAC Name
- 6-(6-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N2,N4-bis[(2R)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
- SMILES
- C[C@@H](NC1=NC(=NC(N[C@H](C)C(F)(F)F)=N1)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=N1)C(F)(F)F
References
- General References
- Konteatis Z, Artin E, Nicolay B, Straley K, Padyana AK, Jin L, Chen Y, Narayaraswamy R, Tong S, Wang F, Zhou D, Cui D, Cai Z, Luo Z, Fang C, Tang H, Lv X, Nagaraja R, Yang H, Su SM, Sui Z, Dang L, Yen K, Popovici-Muller J, Codega P, Campos C, Mellinghoff IK, Biller SA: Vorasidenib (AG-881): A First-in-Class, Brain-Penetrant Dual Inhibitor of Mutant IDH1 and 2 for Treatment of Glioma. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2020 Jan 22;11(2):101-107. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00509. eCollection 2020 Feb 13. [Article]
- Mellinghoff IK, Penas-Prado M, Peters KB, Burris HA 3rd, Maher EA, Janku F, Cote GM, de la Fuente MI, Clarke JL, Ellingson BM, Chun S, Young RJ, Liu H, Choe S, Lu M, Le K, Hassan I, Steelman L, Pandya SS, Cloughesy TF, Wen PY: Vorasidenib, a Dual Inhibitor of Mutant IDH1/2, in Recurrent or Progressive Glioma; Results of a First-in-Human Phase I Trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;27(16):4491-4499. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0611. Epub 2021 Jun 2. [Article]
- Ruda R, Horbinski C, van den Bent M, Preusser M, Soffietti R: IDH inhibition in gliomas: from preclinical models to clinical trials. Nat Rev Neurol. 2024 Jul;20(7):395-407. doi: 10.1038/s41582-024-00967-7. Epub 2024 May 17. [Article]
- Bombino A, Magnani M, Conti A: A Promising Breakthrough: The Potential of VORASIDENIB in the Treatment of Low-grade Glioma. Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2024 Feb 29. doi: 10.2174/0118761429290327240222061812. [Article]
- Mellinghoff IK, van den Bent MJ, Blumenthal DT, Touat M, Peters KB, Clarke J, Mendez J, Yust-Katz S, Welsh L, Mason WP, Ducray F, Umemura Y, Nabors B, Holdhoff M, Hottinger AF, Arakawa Y, Sepulveda JM, Wick W, Soffietti R, Perry JR, Giglio P, de la Fuente M, Maher EA, Schoenfeld S, Zhao D, Pandya SS, Steelman L, Hassan I, Wen PY, Cloughesy TF: Vorasidenib in IDH1- or IDH2-Mutant Low-Grade Glioma. N Engl J Med. 2023 Aug 17;389(7):589-601. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2304194. Epub 2023 Jun 4. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- FDA: FDA approves vorasidenib for Grade 2 astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma with a susceptible IDH1 or IDH2 mutation [Link]
- External Links
- ChemSpider
- 64835242
- BindingDB
- 279948
- 2690647
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL4279047
- PDBe Ligand
- 9UO
- Wikipedia
- Vorasidenib
- PDB Entries
- 6adg / 6adi / 6vei / 6vfz
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample dataNot Available Available Not Available Disease Attributes / Glioma / Neoplasm / Neoplasms by Histologic Type / Neoplasms, Embryonal Germ Cell Tumors / Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue / Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial / Neuroectodermal neoplasm / Pathologic Processes / Recurrences 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 3 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Grade II Glioma / Recurrent Gliomas / Residual Glioma 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 1 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Glioma 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 1 Completed Basic Science Healthy Male Participants 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 1 Completed Basic Science Healthy Volunteers (HV) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 10 mg Tablet Oral 40 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 10 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 40 mg/1 - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0508 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 5.15 ALOGPS logP 5.25 Chemaxon logS -3.9 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 9.9 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 5.04 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 6 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 75.62 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 7 Chemaxon Refractivity 101.29 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 33.89 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 2 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable - Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available
Targets
Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Catalytic subunit of the enzyme which catalyzes the decarboxylation of isocitrate (ICT) into alpha-ketoglutarate. The heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and beta (IDH3B) subunits and the heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and gamma (IDH3G) subunits, have considerable basal activity but the full activity of the heterotetramer (containing two subunits of IDH3A, one of IDH3B and one of IDH3G) requires the assembly and cooperative function of both heterodimers.
- Specific Function
- isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
- Gene Name
- IDH3A
- Uniprot ID
- P50213
- Uniprot Name
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 39591.365 Da
References
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Plays a structural role to facilitate the assembly and ensure the full activity of the enzyme catalyzing the decarboxylation of isocitrate (ICT) into alpha-ketoglutarate. The heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and beta (IDH3B) subunits and the heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and gamma (IDH3G) subunits, have considerable basal activity but the full activity of the heterotetramer (containing two subunits of IDH3A, one of IDH3B and one of IDH3G) requires the assembly and cooperative function of both heterodimers.
- Specific Function
- electron transfer activity
- Gene Name
- IDH3B
- Uniprot ID
- O43837
- Uniprot Name
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 42183.39 Da
References
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Regulatory subunit which plays a role in the allosteric regulation of the enzyme catalyzing the decarboxylation of isocitrate (ICT) into alpha-ketoglutarate. The heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and beta (IDH3B) subunits and the heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and gamma (IDH3G) subunits, have considerable basal activity but the full activity of the heterotetramer (containing two subunits of IDH3A, one of IDH3B and one of IDH3G) requires the assembly and cooperative function of both heterodimers.
- Specific Function
- ATP binding
- Gene Name
- IDH3G
- Uniprot ID
- P51553
- Uniprot Name
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 42793.97 Da
References
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Catalyzes the NADP(+)-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate (D-threo-isocitrate) to 2-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate), which is required by other enzymes such as the phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase (PubMed:10521434, PubMed:19935646). Plays a critical role in the generation of NADPH, an important cofactor in many biosynthesis pathways (PubMed:10521434). May act as a corneal epithelial crystallin and may be involved in maintaining corneal epithelial transparency (By similarity).
- Specific Function
- cadherin binding
- Gene Name
- IDH1
- Uniprot ID
- O75874
- Uniprot Name
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic
- Molecular Weight
- 46659.005 Da
References
- Konteatis Z, Artin E, Nicolay B, Straley K, Padyana AK, Jin L, Chen Y, Narayaraswamy R, Tong S, Wang F, Zhou D, Cui D, Cai Z, Luo Z, Fang C, Tang H, Lv X, Nagaraja R, Yang H, Su SM, Sui Z, Dang L, Yen K, Popovici-Muller J, Codega P, Campos C, Mellinghoff IK, Biller SA: Vorasidenib (AG-881): A First-in-Class, Brain-Penetrant Dual Inhibitor of Mutant IDH1 and 2 for Treatment of Glioma. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2020 Jan 22;11(2):101-107. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00509. eCollection 2020 Feb 13. [Article]
- Mellinghoff IK, Penas-Prado M, Peters KB, Burris HA 3rd, Maher EA, Janku F, Cote GM, de la Fuente MI, Clarke JL, Ellingson BM, Chun S, Young RJ, Liu H, Choe S, Lu M, Le K, Hassan I, Steelman L, Pandya SS, Cloughesy TF, Wen PY: Vorasidenib, a Dual Inhibitor of Mutant IDH1/2, in Recurrent or Progressive Glioma; Results of a First-in-Human Phase I Trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;27(16):4491-4499. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0611. Epub 2021 Jun 2. [Article]
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Plays a role in intermediary metabolism and energy production (PubMed:19228619, PubMed:22416140). It may tightly associate or interact with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PubMed:19228619, PubMed:22416140).
- Specific Function
- isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity
- Gene Name
- IDH2
- Uniprot ID
- P48735
- Uniprot Name
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 50908.915 Da
References
- Konteatis Z, Artin E, Nicolay B, Straley K, Padyana AK, Jin L, Chen Y, Narayaraswamy R, Tong S, Wang F, Zhou D, Cui D, Cai Z, Luo Z, Fang C, Tang H, Lv X, Nagaraja R, Yang H, Su SM, Sui Z, Dang L, Yen K, Popovici-Muller J, Codega P, Campos C, Mellinghoff IK, Biller SA: Vorasidenib (AG-881): A First-in-Class, Brain-Penetrant Dual Inhibitor of Mutant IDH1 and 2 for Treatment of Glioma. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2020 Jan 22;11(2):101-107. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00509. eCollection 2020 Feb 13. [Article]
- Mellinghoff IK, Penas-Prado M, Peters KB, Burris HA 3rd, Maher EA, Janku F, Cote GM, de la Fuente MI, Clarke JL, Ellingson BM, Chun S, Young RJ, Liu H, Choe S, Lu M, Le K, Hassan I, Steelman L, Pandya SS, Cloughesy TF, Wen PY: Vorasidenib, a Dual Inhibitor of Mutant IDH1/2, in Recurrent or Progressive Glioma; Results of a First-in-Human Phase I Trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;27(16):4491-4499. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0611. Epub 2021 Jun 2. [Article]
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:9435160). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317). Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). May act as a major enzyme for all-trans retinoic acid biosynthesis in the liver. Catalyzes two successive oxidative transformation of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal and then to the active form all-trans retinoic acid (PubMed:10681376). Primarily catalyzes stereoselective epoxidation of the last double bond of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), displaying a strong preference for the (R,S) stereoisomer (PubMed:19965576). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation and omega-1 hydroxylation of PUFA (PubMed:9435160). May also participate in eicosanoids metabolism by converting hydroperoxide species into oxo metabolites (lipoxygenase-like reaction, NADPH-independent) (PubMed:21068195). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Catalyzes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin (PubMed:14725854). Metabolizes caffeine via N3-demethylation (Probable).
- Specific Function
- aromatase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58406.915 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endocannabinoids and steroids (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:21289075). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:21289075). Hydroxylates steroid hormones, including testosterone at C-16 and estrogens at C-2 (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:21289075). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, including plant lipids and drugs (PubMed:11695850, PubMed:22909231). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850).
- Specific Function
- anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID
- P20813
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2B6
- Molecular Weight
- 56277.81 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Primarily catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid toward its 4-hydroxylated form (PubMed:11093772). Displays 16-alpha hydroxylase activity toward estrogen steroid hormones, 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) (PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol) (PubMed:26427316).
- Specific Function
- arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids and steroids (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:7574697, PubMed:9435160, PubMed:9866708). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:7574697, PubMed:9435160, PubMed:9866708). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697, PubMed:9866708). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). Exhibits low catalytic activity for the formation of catechol estrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:12865317). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation and hydroxylation with double-bond migration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160, PubMed:9866708). Also metabolizes plant monoterpenes such as limonene. Oxygenates (R)- and (S)-limonene to produce carveol and perillyl alcohol (PubMed:11950794). Contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan (PubMed:25994031).
- Specific Function
- (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:18577768, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:18577768, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Hydroxylates PUFA specifically at the omega-1 position (PubMed:18577768). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA (PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Also metabolizes plant monoterpenes such as limonene. Oxygenates (R)- and (S)-limonene to produce carveol and perillyl alcohol (PubMed:11950794). Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine. Hydroxylates fenbendazole at the 4' position (PubMed:23959307).
- Specific Function
- (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55944.565 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, steroids and retinoids (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid ethanolamide (20-HETE-EA) and 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:21289075). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the oxidative transformations of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal, a precursor for the active form all-trans-retinoic acid (PubMed:10681376). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
- Specific Function
- anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInducer
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981).
- Specific Function
- 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Isoform 1 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) that catalyzes phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase the metabolite's water solubility, thereby facilitating excretion into either the urine or bile (PubMed:18177842, PubMed:24641623). Essential for the elimination and detoxification of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds (PubMed:18177842). Involved in the glucuronidation of calcidiol, which is the major circulating form of vitamin D3 essential for the regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis (PubMed:24641623). Also glucuronidates the biologically active form of vitamin D3, calcitriol, probably leading to its biliary transport and intestinal reabsorption (PubMed:18177842).
- Specific Function
- enzyme binding
- Gene Name
- UGT1A4
- Uniprot ID
- P22310
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4
- Molecular Weight
- 60024.535 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells (PubMed:11306452, PubMed:12958161, PubMed:19506252, PubMed:20705604, PubMed:28554189, PubMed:30405239, PubMed:31003562). Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme (PubMed:20705604, PubMed:23189181). Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells (PubMed:20110355). Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion (PubMed:19506252, PubMed:20368174, PubMed:22132962, PubMed:31003562, PubMed:36749388). In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (By similarity). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates (PubMed:12682043, PubMed:28554189, PubMed:30405239). Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (By similarity). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (By similarity). Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux (PubMed:11306452, PubMed:12477054, PubMed:15670731, PubMed:18056989, PubMed:31254042). In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (By similarity). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (By similarity).
- Specific Function
- ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity
- Gene Name
- ABCG2
- Uniprot ID
- Q9UNQ0
- Uniprot Name
- Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2
- Molecular Weight
- 72313.47 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: VORANIGO (vorasidenib) tablets, for oral use [Link]
Drug created at November 14, 2022 20:35 / Updated at September 27, 2024 10:27