The multilevel structure of spatial data shows its feature of un-structuring, structuring and object-oriented during the storage of database. Finally, the ...

The multilevel updating method of three-dimensional spatial data is developed and applied in the update module of three-dimensional aboveground and underground ...

Multilevel Composition is an innovative method involving color composition and co-rendering of multilevel attribute maps.

This study presents a new automated Object–Grid–City Block 3D building change detection (OGB) approach that entails the application of multi-temporal aerial ...

Jul 2, 2021 · In this paper, we address the application of multilevel modeling to the domain of GIS, and we evaluate its potential benefits.

After a discussion of the advantages and limits of current Internet-based GIS, this work highlights a proposal of a multilevel spatial database structure ...

The dynamic updating of 3D spatial objects in a geo-database includes the operations of addition, deletion, substitution, modification, and semantic topology ...

The log management has been made to remove the problem of complexity and inconvenience of three-dimensional spatial data manipulation records, but it cannot ...

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Feb 12, 2022 · In this article, we present our work on building an efficient and scalable spatial query system, iSPEED, for large-scale 3D data with complex structures.