Http Dx Doi Org 10 1521 Pedi 1993 7 1 1, Feb 8, 2011
ABSTRACT The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) was used to determine the overall preval... more ABSTRACT The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) was used to determine the overall prevalence of personality disorders and profile characteristics in three groups of eating-disordered patients (17 anorexics, 58 bulimics, and 12 patients who met criteria for both bulimia and anorexia [bulimics with anorexia]). Eighty-four percent of all subjects were diagnosed as having a personality disorder according to the MCMI (BR > 84). Frequency data were used to compare the personality characteristics of the three groups. Bulimic subjects had significantly higher frequencies of dependent and histrionic MCMI personality disorder diagnoses and a significantly lower rate of schizoid personality disorder diagnoses than the other two groups. The anorexics and bulimics with anorexia evidenced higher frequency of avoidant MCMI personality diagnoses than did the bulimics. The results are discussed in terms of their clinical implications and directions for future research.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Jan 5, 1992
... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-... more ... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-CLIKEMAN, PH.D., JOSEPH BIEDERMAN, MD ... DSM-1Il (American Psychiatric Assoc ia tion, 1980) definitions of ADDH and related disorders an-Accepted November 6, 1991. ...
... This study examined the personality organization and functioning of 57 normal weight bulimic ... more ... This study examined the personality organization and functioning of 57 normal weight bulimic women as assessed by the Rorschach and ... In contrast to nonpatients, the bulimic and depressed groups were similar in their overall level of dysphoric affect, emotional lability and ...
Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 1999
The effect of enzyme replacement therapy on health-related quality of life in 25 adults with type... more The effect of enzyme replacement therapy on health-related quality of life in 25 adults with type 1 Gaucher disease was investigated over a 2-year period. Quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Psychological functioning was assessed using the Symptom Checklist--90R. The results indicated significant improvement in 7 of 8 SF scale scores beginning at 18 months of therapy (P < 0.05 to 0.001). The SF scale showing improvement first was Vitality (energy level and fatigue) at 6 months of therapy (P < 0.01). The SF-36 scales showing the largest improvements were Role-Physical and Social Functioning (P < 0.001). Compared to the general US adult population, the study population's health profile was significantly lower prior to starting therapy but by 24 months of therapy there were no differences between the two. No differences were found in psychological functioning compared to a US adult normative group at the start of therapy. However, within the...
American Indian and Alaska native mental health research (Online), 2014
Since the 1940s, American Indians (AIs) have increasingly urbanized, moving off of reservations i... more Since the 1940s, American Indians (AIs) have increasingly urbanized, moving off of reservations in large part due to federal policies of tribal termination and relocation. Though previous AI research has largely focused on reservation-associated challenges, many of these same challenges persist among urban AI populations. One mutual concern is the growing prevalence and incidence of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While behavioral, genetic, and socioeconomic determinants of T2DM have been explored, much less is known about the influence of cultural and psychosocial factors. Recent studies suggest that the way AIs perceive diabetes may affect their health trajectory and explain their poor prognosis. Through the use of the Illness Perception Questionnaire, we explored this hypothesis in a pilot study of urban AI with T2DM living in Los Angeles County. We found that the majority of participants have a neutral perception about their diabetes: They view their condition to be long lasti...
The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory—II (MCMI-II), a frequently used self-report measure of p... more The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory—II (MCMI-II), a frequently used self-report measure of psychopathology, contains nine scales designed to assess Axis I psychopathology (the clinical syndrome and severe syndrome scales). This study explored the relationships among these nine MCMI-II clinical syndrome scales and the clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 (MMPI-2). A sample of 108 psychiatric inpatients was administered both the MCMI-II and the MMPI-2 within 7 days of admission. Pearson correlation coefficients and principal component factors were obtained for the MCMI-II and MMPI-2 scales. The results provided support for the convergent validity of all the MCMI-II Axis I scales. However, the majority of the MCMI-II scales failed to demonstrate adequate discriminant validity in relation to the MMPI-2 scales. The principal component analysis revealed that method variance was the principal influence in determining factor loadings for the majority of ...
Evaluation of whole-organ pancreas transplantation in the therapy of IDDM has been difficult beca... more Evaluation of whole-organ pancreas transplantation in the therapy of IDDM has been difficult because of generally poor graft survival and significant complications in past experience. We report a technically successful simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplant program with patient and graft survival of 85% over 3 years of follow-up (mean 21 months) in 33 subjects with IDDM. Glucose metabolism was normalized without need for exogenous insulin immediately posttransplant in all but one recipient and remained normal in 85% of recipients. The outcome in pancreas/kidney recipients was compared with that in 18 insulin-dependent diabetic recipients of kidney transplant only performed in the same period. Quality of life was assessed with one general and one diabetes-specific questionnaire. General quality of life issues improved significantly in both pancreas/kidney and kidney recipients, but diabetes specific quality of life improved only in the pancreas/kidney recipients. Pancreas/kidney recipients required twice as long a period of hospitalization for the transplant and two times as many readmissions for a variety of complications. Only a minority of hospital admissions was strictly attributable to the pancreas graft. Of the five deaths in the pancreas/kidney recipients, two were attributable to the pancreas transplant. Pancreas transplantation in IDDM can now be accomplished with a high degree of success, resulting in normalized glucose metabolism and with overall mortality similar to kidney transplantation alone. Successful pancreas transplantation improves quality of life with respect to diabetes but this benefit is accomplished at a cost of increased hospital admissions and complications related to the transplanted pancreas. The effects of pancreas transplantation on the long-term complications of insulin-dependent diabetes remain unknown.
The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, 1989
The results of a diagnostic outcome study of children and adolescents with severe burns are prese... more The results of a diagnostic outcome study of children and adolescents with severe burns are presented. The positive research findings include evidence of present and lifetime full and partial anxiety and depressive disorders and statistically significant within-sample, burn-related, and demographic differences. The negative findings are less depression and post-traumatic stress disorder by DSM-III criteria than expected, the presence of a subgroup of severely burned children who appeared to be functioning well with only a few or no diagnoses, and absence of significant differences on many variables on within-group comparisons. Based on these data, periodic psychiatric evaluation or reevaluation and specifically targeted followup treatment are indicated for many burned children, adolescents, and their families.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1992
... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-... more ... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-CLIKEMAN, PH.D., JOSEPH BIEDERMAN, MD ... DSM-1Il (American Psychiatric Assoc ia tion, 1980) definitions of ADDH and related disorders an-Accepted November 6, 1991. ...
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1989
Recent medical and surgical advances allow many severely burned patients to survive who formally ... more Recent medical and surgical advances allow many severely burned patients to survive who formally would have died. Assessment of psychiatric outcomes with these patients may provide ways of measuring effects of acute burn care methods on later quality of life, specify more accurately their emotional needs during rehabilitation, and stimulate further research. Thirty children, aged 7 to 19, with severe burns are compared with 30 nonburned subjects matched for age, sex, SES, and parents&#39; marital status according to DSM-III criteria. The burned children had significantly higher levels of overanxious disorder, phobias, and enuresis, but they had the same rates of present depressive disorders.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1995
Because ADHD is heterogeneous with respect to psychiatric comorbidity, familiality, and learning ... more Because ADHD is heterogeneous with respect to psychiatric comorbidity, familiality, and learning disabilities, it was hypothesized that such features might influence the severity and pattern of neuropsychological function in ADHD. Subjects were 9- to 20-year-old males with DSM-III-R ADHD (n = 65) and normal controls (n = 45). Information on neuropsychological performance was obtained in a standardized manner, blind to the proband&#39;s clinical status. ADHD probands were significantly impaired on neuropsychological functions compared with controls irrespective of composite psychiatric comorbidity status, and those with a family history of ADHD were most impaired. ADHD probands with learning disabilities showed a pattern suggestive of reduced motor dominance and extremely slow reading speed. These results indicate that neuropsychological performance in ADHD is significantly affected by familial status and presence of learning disabilities. The similarity of findings between ADHD children with and without comorbid psychiatric disorders suggests that the neuropsychological impairments in our sample were associated with ADHD. These findings raise the possibility of alterations of cerebral dominance and of frontal networks in ADHD. Further research is needed to replicate these findings in larger samples, to clarify the role of specific comorbid psychiatric disorders, and to assess directly cerebral functioning in subjects with ADHD.
This study compared two Rorschach administration methods across a number of test variables. With ... more This study compared two Rorschach administration methods across a number of test variables. With a within-subjects, counter-balanced design, 20 female subjects randomly received either an initial Rapaport (Rapaport, Gill, &amp; Schafer, 1968) or an Exner (Exner, 1974, 1986) Rorschach administration. Results showed that the Exner administration produced significantly more Color (C), Shading (Shd), and Blend (B) responses than did the Rapaport administration. Intersystem differences were most prominent on the first presentation of the two administrations. The first Exner administration produced significantly more C, Shd, and Blend responses than did the first Rapaport administration. Findings are discussed in light of their clinical implications, limitations in the experimental design, and suggestions for improving future research.
In this study, symptom (item) level data were used to perform a psychometric analysis of the DSM-... more In this study, symptom (item) level data were used to perform a psychometric analysis of the DSM-III-R personality disorders (PDs). Determined for each PD criteria set were convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal consistency. The results indicated that the majority of the PD criteria sets (6 of the 11 ) possessed adequate convergent validity, although discriminant validity was problematic for most of these disorders. Internal consistency was also weak for the PD criteria sets, with only 3 of the 11 exceeding a minimum cutoff score of .70. The present study employed a methodology modeled after the one reported by Morey (1988a), and the results of the two studies were highly similar. Consistent findings across the two data sets can be taken to reflect the actual psychometric properties of the DSM-III-R PDs. The success of our replication demonstrates the potential that large-scale psychometric investigations hold for aiding the development and refinement of the DSM PDs.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1521 Pedi 1993 7 1 1, Feb 8, 2011
ABSTRACT The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) was used to determine the overall preval... more ABSTRACT The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) was used to determine the overall prevalence of personality disorders and profile characteristics in three groups of eating-disordered patients (17 anorexics, 58 bulimics, and 12 patients who met criteria for both bulimia and anorexia [bulimics with anorexia]). Eighty-four percent of all subjects were diagnosed as having a personality disorder according to the MCMI (BR &gt; 84). Frequency data were used to compare the personality characteristics of the three groups. Bulimic subjects had significantly higher frequencies of dependent and histrionic MCMI personality disorder diagnoses and a significantly lower rate of schizoid personality disorder diagnoses than the other two groups. The anorexics and bulimics with anorexia evidenced higher frequency of avoidant MCMI personality diagnoses than did the bulimics. The results are discussed in terms of their clinical implications and directions for future research.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Jan 5, 1992
... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-... more ... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-CLIKEMAN, PH.D., JOSEPH BIEDERMAN, MD ... DSM-1Il (American Psychiatric Assoc ia tion, 1980) definitions of ADDH and related disorders an-Accepted November 6, 1991. ...
... This study examined the personality organization and functioning of 57 normal weight bulimic ... more ... This study examined the personality organization and functioning of 57 normal weight bulimic women as assessed by the Rorschach and ... In contrast to nonpatients, the bulimic and depressed groups were similar in their overall level of dysphoric affect, emotional lability and ...
Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 1999
The effect of enzyme replacement therapy on health-related quality of life in 25 adults with type... more The effect of enzyme replacement therapy on health-related quality of life in 25 adults with type 1 Gaucher disease was investigated over a 2-year period. Quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Psychological functioning was assessed using the Symptom Checklist--90R. The results indicated significant improvement in 7 of 8 SF scale scores beginning at 18 months of therapy (P < 0.05 to 0.001). The SF scale showing improvement first was Vitality (energy level and fatigue) at 6 months of therapy (P < 0.01). The SF-36 scales showing the largest improvements were Role-Physical and Social Functioning (P < 0.001). Compared to the general US adult population, the study population's health profile was significantly lower prior to starting therapy but by 24 months of therapy there were no differences between the two. No differences were found in psychological functioning compared to a US adult normative group at the start of therapy. However, within the...
American Indian and Alaska native mental health research (Online), 2014
Since the 1940s, American Indians (AIs) have increasingly urbanized, moving off of reservations i... more Since the 1940s, American Indians (AIs) have increasingly urbanized, moving off of reservations in large part due to federal policies of tribal termination and relocation. Though previous AI research has largely focused on reservation-associated challenges, many of these same challenges persist among urban AI populations. One mutual concern is the growing prevalence and incidence of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While behavioral, genetic, and socioeconomic determinants of T2DM have been explored, much less is known about the influence of cultural and psychosocial factors. Recent studies suggest that the way AIs perceive diabetes may affect their health trajectory and explain their poor prognosis. Through the use of the Illness Perception Questionnaire, we explored this hypothesis in a pilot study of urban AI with T2DM living in Los Angeles County. We found that the majority of participants have a neutral perception about their diabetes: They view their condition to be long lasti...
The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory—II (MCMI-II), a frequently used self-report measure of p... more The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory—II (MCMI-II), a frequently used self-report measure of psychopathology, contains nine scales designed to assess Axis I psychopathology (the clinical syndrome and severe syndrome scales). This study explored the relationships among these nine MCMI-II clinical syndrome scales and the clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 (MMPI-2). A sample of 108 psychiatric inpatients was administered both the MCMI-II and the MMPI-2 within 7 days of admission. Pearson correlation coefficients and principal component factors were obtained for the MCMI-II and MMPI-2 scales. The results provided support for the convergent validity of all the MCMI-II Axis I scales. However, the majority of the MCMI-II scales failed to demonstrate adequate discriminant validity in relation to the MMPI-2 scales. The principal component analysis revealed that method variance was the principal influence in determining factor loadings for the majority of ...
Evaluation of whole-organ pancreas transplantation in the therapy of IDDM has been difficult beca... more Evaluation of whole-organ pancreas transplantation in the therapy of IDDM has been difficult because of generally poor graft survival and significant complications in past experience. We report a technically successful simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplant program with patient and graft survival of 85% over 3 years of follow-up (mean 21 months) in 33 subjects with IDDM. Glucose metabolism was normalized without need for exogenous insulin immediately posttransplant in all but one recipient and remained normal in 85% of recipients. The outcome in pancreas/kidney recipients was compared with that in 18 insulin-dependent diabetic recipients of kidney transplant only performed in the same period. Quality of life was assessed with one general and one diabetes-specific questionnaire. General quality of life issues improved significantly in both pancreas/kidney and kidney recipients, but diabetes specific quality of life improved only in the pancreas/kidney recipients. Pancreas/kidney recipients required twice as long a period of hospitalization for the transplant and two times as many readmissions for a variety of complications. Only a minority of hospital admissions was strictly attributable to the pancreas graft. Of the five deaths in the pancreas/kidney recipients, two were attributable to the pancreas transplant. Pancreas transplantation in IDDM can now be accomplished with a high degree of success, resulting in normalized glucose metabolism and with overall mortality similar to kidney transplantation alone. Successful pancreas transplantation improves quality of life with respect to diabetes but this benefit is accomplished at a cost of increased hospital admissions and complications related to the transplanted pancreas. The effects of pancreas transplantation on the long-term complications of insulin-dependent diabetes remain unknown.
The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, 1989
The results of a diagnostic outcome study of children and adolescents with severe burns are prese... more The results of a diagnostic outcome study of children and adolescents with severe burns are presented. The positive research findings include evidence of present and lifetime full and partial anxiety and depressive disorders and statistically significant within-sample, burn-related, and demographic differences. The negative findings are less depression and post-traumatic stress disorder by DSM-III criteria than expected, the presence of a subgroup of severely burned children who appeared to be functioning well with only a few or no diagnoses, and absence of significant differences on many variables on within-group comparisons. Based on these data, periodic psychiatric evaluation or reevaluation and specifically targeted followup treatment are indicated for many burned children, adolescents, and their families.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1992
... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-... more ... and Learning Disability: A Review and Report in a Clinically Referred Sample MARGARET SEMRUD-CLIKEMAN, PH.D., JOSEPH BIEDERMAN, MD ... DSM-1Il (American Psychiatric Assoc ia tion, 1980) definitions of ADDH and related disorders an-Accepted November 6, 1991. ...
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1989
Recent medical and surgical advances allow many severely burned patients to survive who formally ... more Recent medical and surgical advances allow many severely burned patients to survive who formally would have died. Assessment of psychiatric outcomes with these patients may provide ways of measuring effects of acute burn care methods on later quality of life, specify more accurately their emotional needs during rehabilitation, and stimulate further research. Thirty children, aged 7 to 19, with severe burns are compared with 30 nonburned subjects matched for age, sex, SES, and parents&#39; marital status according to DSM-III criteria. The burned children had significantly higher levels of overanxious disorder, phobias, and enuresis, but they had the same rates of present depressive disorders.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1995
Because ADHD is heterogeneous with respect to psychiatric comorbidity, familiality, and learning ... more Because ADHD is heterogeneous with respect to psychiatric comorbidity, familiality, and learning disabilities, it was hypothesized that such features might influence the severity and pattern of neuropsychological function in ADHD. Subjects were 9- to 20-year-old males with DSM-III-R ADHD (n = 65) and normal controls (n = 45). Information on neuropsychological performance was obtained in a standardized manner, blind to the proband&#39;s clinical status. ADHD probands were significantly impaired on neuropsychological functions compared with controls irrespective of composite psychiatric comorbidity status, and those with a family history of ADHD were most impaired. ADHD probands with learning disabilities showed a pattern suggestive of reduced motor dominance and extremely slow reading speed. These results indicate that neuropsychological performance in ADHD is significantly affected by familial status and presence of learning disabilities. The similarity of findings between ADHD children with and without comorbid psychiatric disorders suggests that the neuropsychological impairments in our sample were associated with ADHD. These findings raise the possibility of alterations of cerebral dominance and of frontal networks in ADHD. Further research is needed to replicate these findings in larger samples, to clarify the role of specific comorbid psychiatric disorders, and to assess directly cerebral functioning in subjects with ADHD.
This study compared two Rorschach administration methods across a number of test variables. With ... more This study compared two Rorschach administration methods across a number of test variables. With a within-subjects, counter-balanced design, 20 female subjects randomly received either an initial Rapaport (Rapaport, Gill, &amp; Schafer, 1968) or an Exner (Exner, 1974, 1986) Rorschach administration. Results showed that the Exner administration produced significantly more Color (C), Shading (Shd), and Blend (B) responses than did the Rapaport administration. Intersystem differences were most prominent on the first presentation of the two administrations. The first Exner administration produced significantly more C, Shd, and Blend responses than did the first Rapaport administration. Findings are discussed in light of their clinical implications, limitations in the experimental design, and suggestions for improving future research.
In this study, symptom (item) level data were used to perform a psychometric analysis of the DSM-... more In this study, symptom (item) level data were used to perform a psychometric analysis of the DSM-III-R personality disorders (PDs). Determined for each PD criteria set were convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal consistency. The results indicated that the majority of the PD criteria sets (6 of the 11 ) possessed adequate convergent validity, although discriminant validity was problematic for most of these disorders. Internal consistency was also weak for the PD criteria sets, with only 3 of the 11 exceeding a minimum cutoff score of .70. The present study employed a methodology modeled after the one reported by Morey (1988a), and the results of the two studies were highly similar. Consistent findings across the two data sets can be taken to reflect the actual psychometric properties of the DSM-III-R PDs. The success of our replication demonstrates the potential that large-scale psychometric investigations hold for aiding the development and refinement of the DSM PDs.
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